Hawaii FEP - Western Pacific Fishery Council

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Wakeford, R. 2005. Personal Communication at the April 18–22, 2005, Ecosystem Science andManagement Planning Workshop. Convened by the Western Pacific FisheryManagement Council. Honolulu, Hawaii.Walters, C. 2005. Personal Communication at the April 18–22, 2005 Ecosystem Scienceand Management Planning Workshop. Convened by the Western Pacific FisheryManagement Council. Honolulu, Hawaii.Warham, J. 1990. The Shearwater Genus Puffinus. In: The petrels: their ecology and breedingsystem., Academic Press Limited, San Diego. pp. 157-170.Wass, R. C. 1982. The shoreline fishery of American Samoa: Past and present. In J. L. Munro(Ed.), Marine and coastal processes in the Pacific: Ecological aspects of coastal zonemanagement (pp. 51–83). Jakarta, Indonesia: UNESCO.Wells, S. M., and M. D. Jenkins. 1988. Coral reefs of the world. Vol. 3: Central and WesternPacific. New York: United Nations Environment Programme /International Union for theConservation of Nature.WPRMFC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 1979. FisheryManagement Plan for Precious Corals Fisheries of the Western Pacific Region. WesternPacific Regional Fishery Management Council. Honolulu, Hawaii.WPRMFC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 1981. FisheryManagement Plan for Crustacean Fisheries of the Western Pacific Region. WesternPacific Regional Fishery Management Council. Honolulu, HawaiiWPRMFC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 1986a. FisheryManagement Plan for Bottomfish and Seamount Fisheries of the Western Pacific Region.Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council. Honolulu, Hawaii.WPRMFC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 1986b. FisheryManagement Plan for Pelagic Fisheries of the Western Pacific Region. Western PacificRegional Fishery Management Council. Honolulu, Hawaii.WPRFMC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 1999. Bottomfishand seamount groundfish fisheries of the Western Pacific Region 1998 Annual Report.Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council, Honolulu, Hawaii.WPRFMC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 2000. Prohibition onfishing for pelagic management unit species within closed area around the islands ofAmerican Samoa by vessels more than 50 ft in length. Framework measure under theFMP for Pelagic Fisheries of the Western Pacific Region. Western Pacific RegionalFishery Management Council. Honolulu, Hawaii.264
WPRFMC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 2001. FisheryManagement Plan and Final Environmental Impact Statement for Coral Reef EcosystemsFisheries of the Western Pacific Region. Western Pacific Regional Fishery ManagementCouncil. Honolulu, Hawaii.WPRFMC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 2003. Bottomfish andSeamount Groundfish Fisheries of the Western Pacific 2001 Annual Report. WesternPacific Regional Fishery Management Council, Honolulu, Hawaii.WPRFMC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 2004. Bottomfishand Seamount Groundfish Fisheries of the Western Pacific 2002 Annual Report. WesternPacific Regional Fishery Management Council, Honolulu, Hawaii.WPRFMC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 2005a. Bottomfishand Seamount Groundfish Fisheries of the Western Pacific 2003 Annual Report. WesternPacific Regional Fishery Management Council, Honolulu, Hawaii.WPRFMC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 2005b. FinalEnvironmental Impact Statement on the Bottomfish and Seamount Groundfish Fishery inthe Western Pacific Region. Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council andNational Marine Fisheries Service, Honolulu.WPRFMC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 2007a. Amendment 14 tothe Fishery Management Plan for Bottomfish and Seamount Groundfish Fisheries of theWestern Pacific Region. Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council.Honolulu, Hawaii.WPRFMC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 2007b. Amendment 6 tothe Fishery Management Plan for Precious Corals Fisheries of the Western PacificRegion. Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council. Honolulu, Hawaii.WPRFMC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 2008a. Amendment 13 tothe Fishery Management Plan for the Crustacean Fisheries of the Western Pacific Region.Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council. Honolulu, Hawaii.WPRFMC (Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council). 2008b. Amendment 7 tothe Fishery Management Plan for Precious Corals Fisheries of the Western PacificRegion. Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council. Honolulu, Hawaii.Wetherall, J.A. 1993. Pelagic distribution and size composition of turtles in the Hawaiilongline fishing area. In G. H. Balazs and S. G. Pooley (Eds.), Research plan to assessmarine turtle hooking mortality: Results of an expert workshop held in Honolulu, Hawaii,November 16–18, 1993. (SWFSC Administrative Report H-93-18)White, A.T. 1988. The effect of community managed marine reserves in the Philippineson their associated coral reef fish populations. Asian Fish. Sci. 2: 27-41.265
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Fishery Ecosystem Plan for the Hawa
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successful management of marine eco
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TABLE OF CONTENTSEXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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8.2.4 Fishery Data Requirements....
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 1: Western Pa
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FRFA: Final Regulatory Flexibility
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DEFINITIONSAdaptive Management: A p
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Fishery: One or more stocks of fish
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Pacific Remote Island Areas (PRIA):
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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1.1 Introduc
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The EPAP (1999) reached consensus t
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EPAP’s 1999 report to Congress re
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Objective 7: To promote the safety
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Scientific Name English Common Name
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Family Name Scientific Name English
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Scientific Name English Common Name
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as two additional members (fisherme
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1.7.2 Community Groups and Projects
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2. Ke kahea (proper introduction or
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CHAPTER 2: TOPICS IN ECOSYSTEM APPR
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ensuring long-term sustainability b
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ecosystem in order to implement eff
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issues. One alternative would be to
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The community program of the Counci
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denser than the continental portion
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hydrogen sides and a negative charg
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Figure 5: Depth Profile of Ocean Zo
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southern boundary of the Subartic F
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Near the equator, intense solar hea
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The Caroline Islands (~850 square m
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(~436 square miles) and Savai`i (~6
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and include fish, mollusks, crustac
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Figure 10: Benthic EnvironmentSourc
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eefs are often too slow to keep up
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factors, control coral reef communi
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Kauai: Kauai is the oldest and wett
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A major portion of the primary prod
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parts of banks may be composed of r
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size of the reef area surveyed, bas
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The families of bottomfish and seam
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the mesopelagic community migration
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Physical and biological oceanograph
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Migratory routes of leatherback tur
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seem to have a more carnivorous die
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turtles outnumber adults 100:1. The
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Humpback whales migrate through wat
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The 2004 U.S. Pacific Marine Mammal
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Historically, the short-tailed alba
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Table 9: Hawaii’s “Export” In
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Cost of Living Analysis: Ratio of H
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annual fishery ex-vessel revenues o
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State catch reports reporting their
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1200(1000 lbs)100080060040020001986
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sources have been used to assess by
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Protected Species InteractionsThe 1
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• Killer whale (Orcinus orca)•
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levels for all fisheries, and a pro
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annually) to meet the FMP’s overf
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4.2.4 Bottomfish MSYA 2009 report b
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is not recorded by NMFS, dockside r
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percentage of the total catch if me
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4.3.3 Status of Crustaceans Fishery
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maneuverable tools to harvest indiv
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• Dall’s porpoise (Phocoenoides
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MSYs for the Makapuu Established Be
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3. A moratorium on gold coral harve
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2,000,000$2,500,0001,800,0001,600,0
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estrictions for sale or for capture
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Seine nets are actively deployed ar
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4.5.3 Status of Coral Reef Fisherie
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commercial harvests of the “red f
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commercial catches and to count the
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The National Standard Guidelines fo
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Source: Restrepo et al. 1998In Figu
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from having fallen below MSST. In t
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vessel that landed at least 6,000lb
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By June 30 of each year, a Council-
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In addition to the thresholds MFMT
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The best information available is u
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More recently, PIFSC published a st
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The fishery management area for the
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Hawaii. In addition, the holder of
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5.4.6 Closed SeasonsLobster fishing
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was related to the lobster fishery,
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ecommendation of Restrepo et al. (1
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Figure 22: Combination of Control R
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cm) from the top surface of the liv
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Table 25: Estimates of MSY of Preci
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5.6.2 NotificationAny special permi
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Clearly, any given species that is
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Weke CPUE120100Pounds per record806
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1948-1952 aggregate 1995-1999 aggre
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CHAPTER 6: IDENTIFICATION AND DESCR
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eviewing and refining EFH designati
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The eggs and larvae of all BMUS are
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juvenile and adult spiny lobster is
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Instead, the Council designated the
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Species Ma La Es SB Ss Cr/Hs Pr Sz
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Species Ma La Es SB Ss Cr/Hs Pr Sz
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Table 30: Occurrence of Currently H
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Table 31: Summary of EFH Designatio
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Species Assemblage/Complex EFH (Egg
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MUS/Taxa Ma La Es SB Ss Cr/Hs Pr DS
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MUS/Taxa Ma La Es SB Ss Cr/Hs Pr DS
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The relatively long pelagic larval
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BottomfishandSeamountGroundfishSpec
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Table 35: Coral Reef Ecosystem HAPC
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necessary at this time. However, th
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Table 36: Threats to Coral Reefs in
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• Biological availability of toxi
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9. The best land management practic
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maximum extent possible. Sampling d
Page 234 and 235: Coral Reef Ecosystem Species• The
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Page 238 and 239: island society. Rapid changes in th
Page 240 and 241: The Council is serving as a role mo
Page 242 and 243: CHAPTER 8: CONSISTENCY WITH APPLICA
Page 244 and 245: Table 38: Bycatch Reporting Methodo
Page 246 and 247: The measures in this FEP are consis
Page 248 and 249: MUSEFH(Juveniles and Adults)EFH(Egg
Page 250 and 251: The management and conservation mea
Page 252 and 253: deterrence provisions set forth in
Page 254 and 255: conservation measures to proceed. I
Page 256 and 257: CHAPTER 9: STATE, LOCAL AND OTHER F
Page 258 and 259: when on June 15, 2006, President Ge
Page 260 and 261: CHAPTER 10: PROPOSED REGULATIONSIn
Page 262 and 263: Symp. on Sea Turtle Biology and Con
Page 264 and 265: Cliffton K., D. Cornejo, R., and Fe
Page 266 and 267: Druffel, E. R. M., Griffin, S., Wit
Page 268 and 269: Pacific. In K. Bjorndal, ed. Biolog
Page 270 and 271: Hodge, R. and B. Wing. 2000. Occurr
Page 272 and 273: Khang S.E. and R.Grigg. 2005. Impac
Page 274 and 275: turtle species known to date. FAO s
Page 276 and 277: NMFS (National Marine Fisheries Ser
Page 278 and 279: Resources of the South Pacific: Inf
Page 280 and 281: Reina, R .D., P. A. Mayor, J. R. Sp
Page 282 and 283: Smith, S.V. 1978. Coral-reef area a
Page 286: Wilson, R.R., and R.S. Kaufman. 198
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