National Norms and Standards relating to Environmental Health

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d) Waste storage areas must always be locked and must not be easily accessible to the public, patientsand any unauthorized personnel.e) The temporary storage area must be adequately ventilated and illuminated, and have non porousfloor surfaces, be equipped with a spill kit as prescribed in the waste management plan, and markedwith international hazard signs on or adjacent to the exterior doors or lids.f) An EHP must monitor health facilities to ensure that waste storage areas and temporary storageareas comply with the above-mentioned requirements.2.13.3 Storage area for radioactive wastea) An EHP must monitor the storage of radioactive waste on the premises, to ensure that:• Radioactive waste storage areas are locked at all times to prevent unauthorized access;• The storage area is constructed of flameproof material and the floor surface, benches and wallsfacilitate radioactive decontamination;• The walls have sufficient shielding in the walls to prevent the exposure to radiation outside thestorage area;• The storage areas is fitted with an extraction system and air flow is monitored; and• It shall be marked “Radioactive Waste” and display the appropriate international hazard label as pertable 1.2.13.4 Central storage areaa) The central storage area must be:• Clearly demarcated marked with bio-hazardous warning signs on or adjacent to the exterior doors orgates;• Adequately ventilated and illuminated;• Protected from direct sunlight and be vermin proofed; and• Floors and walls be smooth, slip resistant and non-porous and the floor surface shall be equippedwith an appropriate drainage system connected to the council sewer.• Locked at all times when containers are not stored and have regular security guard monitoring toprevent unauthorized entry;b) Waste must be stored off the ground at all times;c) The name of the person in charge of the storage facility and contact numbers should be displayed onor adjacent to the exterior doors or gates;d) The central storage area must not be overloaded such that ventilation is minimized and offensiveodours emanate there from;e) Storage containers must be stacked neatly and not at a height that will pose the risk of falling,breaking and spillages;f) The area must have sufficient space to accommodate the volume of waste being generated andstored;g) Health care risk waste must be weighed and recorded before removal;h) Waste must be removed from the storage area for disposal as per the contract specifications;i) An EHP and Waste Management Officer of the facility must monitor the service provider to ensureadherence to contract specifications and agreements with regards to regular and adequate removalof the waste;j) Refrigeration facilities must be provided for storage of waste that requires storage at lowtemperatures.k) HCRW storage period between generation and treatment or disposal and the required storagetemperature shall be as per below table , as prescribed in SANS 10248-1:2008:Table:Waste category Storage period Storage temperaturePathological waste 24 hours – 90 days-2°CPathological waste not treated with 24hours shall be stored at -2°CInfectious waste 72 hours – 90 daysInfectious waste not treated with 72hours shall be stored at -2°C-2°CDOH. Norms and standards for environmental health in South Africa Feb 2013 130
Sharps container 90 days Cool room temperaturePharmaceutical waste 90 days Cool room temperaturel) HCRW must not be stored for more than 90 days at the central storage area;m) If an offensive odour emanate before 90 days, the person in charge of the central storage facility andthe waste management officer or waste management team member responsible for effectivemanagement of waste, must take measures to make arrangements for the collection of HCRW;n) The central storage area must be equipped with a fire extinguisher and a spill kid as prescribed in thewaste management plan;o) An EHP should monitor the temperatures of refrigerators used for the storage of HCRW;p) Foodstuffs and HCRW must be stored separately at all times, the refrigerators used for the purposeof storing HCRW must be used solely for that purpose.2.13.5 Treatment and disposal of HCRWa) Before disposal, all HCRW must be treated by a permitted treatment facility and disposed off only atan approved and hazard rated disposal facility.SECTION 11: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IN TERMS OF HCRW AND HAZARDOUSSUBSTANCESEHPs must monitor the following occupational health and safety practices, to ensure that the health andsafety of HCRW personnel is protected;a) Personal Protective ClothingAll employees handling HCRW and hazardous substances must be provided with appropriate personalprotective equipment PPEs (Elbow length heavy duty gloves, closed safety shoes, full overalls, heavyduty apron, safety glasses and respirators) at all times.PPEs must not be laundered together with normal clothing, to prevent possible contamination.PPEs must be maintained in a clean condition and good state of repair at all times.b) Personal HygieneThe importance of good personal hygiene to prevent contaminations and accidental exposures need tobe highlighted to all employees, engaged in the handling of HCRW and hazardous substances, includingmanagement.Hand wash facilities with hot and cold running water supply, together with a supply of soap and handduring equipment or material shall be provided at all areas in the workplace where contact with HCRW orhazardous waste is or likely to take place.Written hand washing procedures shall be developed and communicated to all employees. The summaryposter of the hand wash procedure with pictures shall be displayed in the vicinity of all hand washfacilities.c) TrainingTraining and retraining on personal hygiene and the importance of personal hygiene to all waste handlersshould be conducted. Training should also be conducted on: The health facility’s health and safety policy; Work instructions and procedures, including equipment operation procedures; Safety instructions and precautions; Non compliant procedures and corrective action; Management of spillages; andDOH. Norms and standards for environmental health in South Africa Feb 2013 131
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No. 36849 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 20 SE
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AcknowledgementsDrafting Team (Nati
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Preamble by Director-GeneralThe Nat
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POLICY AND LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORKThe
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1. Introduction1.1 Policy contextOn
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5. Monitoring and enforcing complia
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BACKGROUNDHealth surveillance of pr
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h) Adequate and potable water avail
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a) Entrance and exit control must b
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• Storage of unsafe, toxic, dange
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(i) For children between 0-24 month
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• The health certificate holder,
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a) Separate storage facilities must
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2.4 Inspections should include an a
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g) Adequate facilities must be prov
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d) Corridors must be at least 1.8m
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1. NORMS1.1 Schools to be operated
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• A cardiopulmonary mouthpiece pr
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a) All circumcisions must be conduc
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) Toilets, wash hand basins and bat
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• Liquid soap;• First aid instr
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h) A daily record must be kept on t
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t) A separate room or area with sep
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h) An adequate number of purpose-ma
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c) Health care facilities should ha
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a) All facilities used in connectio
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5. General hygiene requirementsa) T
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1.1 The premises operated under a v
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5. Environmental health should cond
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d) The use of non-waterborne sanita
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so many kgs of manure is produced p
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a) On any residential premises, onl
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n) A rodent-proof storeroom must be
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d) Pets must be vaccinated against
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1.3 The premises in compliance with
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2.1 Environmental health inspection
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2.1 Environmental health inspection
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1) Responsibility of management1.1.
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that all possible health impacts of
Page 79 and 80: BACKGROUNDThe Scope of Profession o
Page 81 and 82: a) An Integrated Disease Surveillan
Page 83 and 84: a) All food onboard must be stored
Page 85 and 86: 3. Waste managementa) The managemen
Page 87 and 88: c) Documents outlining prevention,
Page 89 and 90: Chapter 3HEALTH RELATED WATER QUALI
Page 91 and 92: d) The catchment (rivers, treatment
Page 93 and 94: f) Ensuring monitoring of effective
Page 95 and 96: SECTION 4:WATER QUALITY MONITORING
Page 97 and 98: water world etc)1. In the event of
Page 99 and 100: Step 2: if water is obtained from t
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Page 103 and 104: 3. Household grey-water (generated
Page 105 and 106: SECTION 14:MONITORING OF DRINKING W
Page 107 and 108: contamination (e.g. from birds and
Page 109 and 110: SECTION 21: COMPLIANCE ENFORCEMENT6
Page 111 and 112: DEFINITION OF APPLICABLE TERMSThe f
Page 113 and 114: BACKGROUNDWaste management is the c
Page 115 and 116: • Provides municipal health servi
Page 117 and 118: a) The premises used for recycling
Page 119 and 120: SECTION 4: COLLECTION OF GENERAL WA
Page 121 and 122: SECTION 7: CLASSIFICATION, PACKAGIN
Page 123 and 124: • The spillage area shall be mark
Page 125 and 126: • Elbow length heavy duty gloves,
Page 127 and 128: anatomical waste anatomical • Hav
Page 129: • Waste oxidizing substances and
Page 133 and 134: Relationships between transboundary
Page 135 and 136: Chapter 5HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND C
Page 137 and 138: 3. The premises used in connection
Page 139 and 140: d) In addition, all hazardous subst
Page 141 and 142: 4. Guidelines for Drinking Water Qu
Page 143 and 144: for conducting monitoring.7. Analyz
Page 145 and 146: Bacterial infectionsCholeraCampylob
Page 147: paralytic aspeticmeningitis. The re
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National Norms and Standards relating to Environmental Health

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