National Norms and Standards relating to Environmental Health

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7. PHOs should also develop and implement Water Quality Monitoring Programmes for aircraft and portwater.8. WQMP should be implemented for compliance monitoring and audit sampling purposes. The saidprogrammes should highlight the “objectives” for the sampling, location “where” to sample andassess the deteminands “what” to be assessed, and the frequency “how often” to sample, for thepurpose of monitoring of all water from catchment to consumer which has the potential to impacthuman health following use.9. PHOs should only conduct compliance monitoring from pre-determined representative samplingpoints and at the user points as outlined in the WQMPs.10. PHOs should monitor water supply, in accordance to deliberate water quality monitoring programmesfor the purpose of quality assurance and to satisfy a quest to ensure optimum public health.11. PHOs should ensure that the WQMP is strictly followed and implemented; hence proper water qualitymonitoring records should be kept at all times.12. PHOs should only use the SANAS 17025:2005 accredited laboratories or Department of WaterAffairs (DWA)-approved laboratories per method of analysis for analysis of samples, to ensurecredible results.13. Documentation for water quality monitoring must be kept for assurance and analysis in the event ofan incident.14. Sampling must be done by Port Health Officials or other professionally trained personnel only.15. The water transfer points from the water source to onboard storage and distribution system shouldcomply with the WHO. Guide to sanitation and hygiene in aviation. 2011.16. Aircraft water systems should comply with the requirements as specified in the WHO. Guide tosanitation and hygiene in aviation. 2011.17. Port Health Officials should conduct compliance monitoring and safety audits in the aircraft to ensurethat the persons on board the aircraft are provided safe water. A period necessary to determineappropriate corrective action and ensure that measured parameters have returned to safe levels.18. Surveillance of water supply in aviation must be accomplished by authorized and trained officers frompublic health authorities or qualified independent auditors and inspectors.19. The amount of water required for hand washing and other sanitation needs must be taken intoaccount in passenger aircraft designs;20. All water monitoring/sampling should be well documented and records to be kept.STANDARDS FOR SHIPSSECTION 4: SHIPSAll ships must generally comply with the International Health Regulations, 2005 and relevant guidelines.Airline operators must ensure that they inform passengers on health measures recommended by theWHO and adopted by South Africa. In addition, ship owners must keep their conveyances free fromsources of infection and or contamination including vectors. Ships should be subjected to ship sanitationinspection at the port. The ship must particularly comply with the following requirements:1. Structural facilitiesa) Design of ships must conform to international standards and recommendations2. Accommodation Establishmentsa) Accommodation establishments on board must conform to the specifications as per Handbook forInspection of Ships and Issuance of Ship Sanitation Certificates;b) Adequate ventilation and heating systems must be provided;c) Sanitation facilities with hand washing and drying facilities must be provided in accommodationestablishments;d) All sanitation facilities must have adequate soap and toilet paper;e) Bathrooms and showers must be provided;f) Accommodation establishments must be kept clean;g) Natural or artificial lighting must be provided.DOH. Norms and standards for environmental health in South Africa Feb 2013 84
3. Waste managementa) The management of waste on board must adhere to the requirements as specified in the WHO Guideto Ship Sanitation and the Handbook for Inspection of Ships and Issuance of Ship SanitationCertificates;b) Ships must be equipped with facilities for managing wastes generated from all areas within the ship;c) Waste containers must be appropriately designed to facilitate proper cleaning;d) Waste holding rooms must be well ventilated and humidity and temperatures controlled;e) Waste holding areas must have accessible handwashing facilities with hot and cold water;f) Health care waste must be stored and treated in a safe manner;g) Facilities for treating and/or storing health care waste must be available on board;h) Ships must be equipped with facilities for managing waste from toilets and urinals, medical facilitiesand food sources;i) Ships discharging waste at the port must do so in compliance with National EnvironmentalManagement, Waste Act 59 of 2008.4 Disease surveillancea) Procedures for responding to a suspected communicable disease on board must be available;b) Crew members must be trained on communicable disease management on board aircrafts AnIntegrated Disease Surveillance Program should be developed per Points of Entries and implementedfor any event of International concern.5 Toilet and ablution facilitiesa) Adequate sanitation and hand washing facilities must be provided onboard the aircraft;b) Hot and cold running water must be provided at every hand wash basin;c) Toilet facilities must be kept clean at all times, and provided with an adequate supply of toilet paper,soap and drying towels;d) Toilet facilities must be maintained in good working order and in good repair at all times.6 Food Safety and Hygienea) Food safety and hygiene on board must conform to the specifications as per WHO Guide to ShipSanitation and the Handbook for Inspection of Ships and Issuance of Ship Sanitation Certificates;b) Facilities on board must be suitable for safe food preparation and serving of food;c) Facilities for storage of food must be provided and maintained at the correct temperatures;d) Food storage facilities must be constructed in a manner as to avoid pest access and harborage, allowfor adequate maintenance and cleaning and provide an environment that minimizes the deteriorationof food;e) All equipment must be maintained in a serviceable condition and must be kept clean at all times;f) Containers used for serving of food must only be used for the intended purpose;g) There must be suitable and adequate space for the safe storage, preparation and service of food;h) Adequate toilet and personal hygiene facilities must be provided for food handling personnel;i) Hand wash and hand drying facilities must be suitably located for easy access by food handlingpersonnel;j) Food storage temperature logs must be in place;k) Sufficient lighting and ventilation must be provided in food preparation area;l) Food preparation area must be kept clean.7. Child care facilities on board the shipa) Child-care facilities on board ship must conform to the specifications as per WHO Guide to ShipSanitation and the Handbook for Inspection of Ships and Issuance of Ship Sanitation Certificates;b) Adequate lighting and ventilation must be provided for the facility;c) Cleaning and maintenance plans must be in place to keep the facility clean at all times;d) Sanitation facilities with hand-washing facilities must be provided for use by the children;e) Soap, toilet paper and hand drying facilities must be provided in the sanitation facilities at all times;f) Potable water must be available for use by the children (for drinking and other uses in the facility);DOH. Norms and standards for environmental health in South Africa Feb 2013 85
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No. 36849 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 20 SE
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AcknowledgementsDrafting Team (Nati
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Preamble by Director-GeneralThe Nat
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POLICY AND LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORKThe
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1. Introduction1.1 Policy contextOn
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5. Monitoring and enforcing complia
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BACKGROUNDHealth surveillance of pr
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h) Adequate and potable water avail
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a) Entrance and exit control must b
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• Storage of unsafe, toxic, dange
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(i) For children between 0-24 month
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• The health certificate holder,
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a) Separate storage facilities must
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2.4 Inspections should include an a
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g) Adequate facilities must be prov
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d) Corridors must be at least 1.8m
Page 33 and 34: 1. NORMS1.1 Schools to be operated
Page 35 and 36: • A cardiopulmonary mouthpiece pr
Page 37 and 38: a) All circumcisions must be conduc
Page 39 and 40: ) Toilets, wash hand basins and bat
Page 41 and 42: • Liquid soap;• First aid instr
Page 43 and 44: h) A daily record must be kept on t
Page 45 and 46: t) A separate room or area with sep
Page 47 and 48: h) An adequate number of purpose-ma
Page 49 and 50: c) Health care facilities should ha
Page 51 and 52: a) All facilities used in connectio
Page 53 and 54: 5. General hygiene requirementsa) T
Page 55 and 56: 1.1 The premises operated under a v
Page 57 and 58: 5. Environmental health should cond
Page 59 and 60: d) The use of non-waterborne sanita
Page 61 and 62: so many kgs of manure is produced p
Page 63 and 64: a) On any residential premises, onl
Page 65 and 66: n) A rodent-proof storeroom must be
Page 67 and 68: d) Pets must be vaccinated against
Page 69 and 70: 1.3 The premises in compliance with
Page 71 and 72: 2.1 Environmental health inspection
Page 73 and 74: 2.1 Environmental health inspection
Page 75 and 76: 1) Responsibility of management1.1.
Page 77 and 78: that all possible health impacts of
Page 79 and 80: BACKGROUNDThe Scope of Profession o
Page 81 and 82: a) An Integrated Disease Surveillan
Page 83: a) All food onboard must be stored
Page 87 and 88: c) Documents outlining prevention,
Page 89 and 90: Chapter 3HEALTH RELATED WATER QUALI
Page 91 and 92: d) The catchment (rivers, treatment
Page 93 and 94: f) Ensuring monitoring of effective
Page 95 and 96: SECTION 4:WATER QUALITY MONITORING
Page 97 and 98: water world etc)1. In the event of
Page 99 and 100: Step 2: if water is obtained from t
Page 101 and 102: • Of the time frame, if any, with
Page 103 and 104: 3. Household grey-water (generated
Page 105 and 106: SECTION 14:MONITORING OF DRINKING W
Page 107 and 108: contamination (e.g. from birds and
Page 109 and 110: SECTION 21: COMPLIANCE ENFORCEMENT6
Page 111 and 112: DEFINITION OF APPLICABLE TERMSThe f
Page 113 and 114: BACKGROUNDWaste management is the c
Page 115 and 116: • Provides municipal health servi
Page 117 and 118: a) The premises used for recycling
Page 119 and 120: SECTION 4: COLLECTION OF GENERAL WA
Page 121 and 122: SECTION 7: CLASSIFICATION, PACKAGIN
Page 123 and 124: • The spillage area shall be mark
Page 125 and 126: • Elbow length heavy duty gloves,
Page 127 and 128: anatomical waste anatomical • Hav
Page 129 and 130: • Waste oxidizing substances and
Page 131 and 132: Sharps container 90 days Cool room
Page 133 and 134: Relationships between transboundary
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Chapter 5HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND C
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3. The premises used in connection
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d) In addition, all hazardous subst
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4. Guidelines for Drinking Water Qu
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for conducting monitoring.7. Analyz
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Bacterial infectionsCholeraCampylob
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paralytic aspeticmeningitis. The re
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National Norms and Standards relating to Environmental Health

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