National Norms and Standards relating to Environmental Health

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Routine monitoringprogrammeSANASSurface waterSurveillanceUnimproved watersourcesWater ServicesAuthority (WSA)Water ServicesProviderWater Safety PlanAn ongoing monitoring programme intended to validate the effectiveness of controlmeasures at critical control points and to assess the quality of water based on locationof routine sampling points, sampling frequency and determinants.The South African National Accreditation systemRefers to untreated water sources, such as streams, rivers, springs, boreholes.Refers to the continuous, specific measurement and observation for the purpose ofwater quality management and operational activitiesInclude unprotected dug well, unprotected spring, cart with small tank/drum, tankertruck, and surface water (river, dam, lake, pond, stream, canal, irrigation channels.Any municipality that has the executive authority to provide water services within itsarea of jurisdiction in terms of the relevant national legislation or the ministerialauthorizations made in terms of the relevant national legislation.(a) Any person who has a contract with the water services authority or another waterservices provider to sell water to that authority or provider; or(b) Any person who has a contract with a water services authority to assumeoperational responsibility for providing water services to one or more consumerswithin a specific geographic area; or(c) A water service authority that provides either or both of the services in (a) and (b)itselfA systematic process that aims to consistently ensure acceptable drinking water thatdoes not exceed the numerical limits within SANS 241 by implementing an integratedwater quality management plan, which utilizes a risk assessment and riskmanagement approach from catchment to point of delivery.4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF VARIOUS SECTORS IN WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT4.1 Department of Water AffairsThe Department of Water Affairs is the custodian of the water resource and the overall leader of theWater sector. DWA is therefore responsible to:a) Provide leadership within the water sector.b) Policy development and regulation of water services.c) Provide support to municipalities in line with the regulatory function to ensure compliance withnational norms and standards.d) Managing water information4.2 Water Service AuthoritiesMunicipalities that are designated as Water Services Authorities are responsible for:a) Water services planning;b) Ensuring access of community, to water ;andc) Regulating the provision of water services within their area of jurisdiction.5. Department of Health/ Environmental Health ServicesIn addition to the roles and responsibilities as allocated in the Strategic framework for Water Services2003, the Department of Health is also responsible for:a) Monitoring compliance with and enforcement of health related water legislation, regulations andnorms and standards;b) Monitoring of water (both surface and ground water) in respect of accessibility, quality(microbiological, physical and chemical) and quantity for human consumption as well as in respect ofthe quality for recreational and industrial use;c) Audit sampling and compliance enforcement sampling;d) Risk identification for the purpose of managing the risks;e) Surveillance of waterborne related diseases to ensure healthy community water supplies.DOH. Norms and standards for environmental health in South Africa Feb 2013 92
f) Ensuring monitoring of effective waste water treatment, including the collection, treatment and safedisposal of sewage and other waste;g) Advocating for proper and safe water usage and waste water disposal;h) Coordinating programmes aimed at creating the demand for safe water and sanitation through healthand hygiene awareness and education; andi) Risk management through water pollution control.6. NORMS AND STANDARDS FOR HEALTH RELATED WATER QUALITY MONITORINGNORMS1. Water supply to communities must be safe, adequate and accessible.• “Safe”: water that has been tested and does not present any significant risk to health over a lifetime ofconsumption (microbiological, physical and chemical quality).• “Accessibility”: water facilities easy to reach and located in a safe environment and technology that iseasy to use and operate.• “Availability”: total volume of water accessible to a consumer on frequent basis within a period of 24hrs.STANDARDSSECTION 1:ADEQUACY AND ACCESSIBILITY OF WATER SUPPLY1. In terms of the Regulations under section 9 of the Water Services Act (Act 108 of 1997): the minimumstandard for basic water supply service is_a) A minimum quantity of potable water of 25 liters per person per day or 6 kilolitres per householdper month-(i) At a minimum flow rate of not less than 10 liters per minute;(ii) Within 200 meters of a household; and(iii) With effectiveness such that no consumer is without a supply for more than 7 full days in anyyear.2. Water must be available, easy to reach and the technology used should be simple and easy tooperate.SECTION 2:QUALITY OF POTABLE WATERFor lifetime consumption, the microbiological, physical, aesthetic and chemical quality of water providedby Water Services Institutions and Water Services Intermediaries must conform to the requirements asset out in the SANS 241 for drinking water. For the purpose of this document, the standard limit “notdetected” as outlined in SANS 241 shall mean nil or zero.1. Water must be suitable for all domestic uses (drinking, food preparation and personal hygiene).2. Water provided must not only be safe but also acceptable in appearance, taste and odour(aesthetically acceptable water).3. Water must not be harmful to water supply systems and household appliances e.g. geysers, kettlesetc.DOH. Norms and standards for environmental health in South Africa Feb 2013 93
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No. 36849 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 20 SE
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AcknowledgementsDrafting Team (Nati
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Preamble by Director-GeneralThe Nat
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POLICY AND LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORKThe
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1. Introduction1.1 Policy contextOn
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5. Monitoring and enforcing complia
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BACKGROUNDHealth surveillance of pr
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h) Adequate and potable water avail
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a) Entrance and exit control must b
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• Storage of unsafe, toxic, dange
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(i) For children between 0-24 month
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• The health certificate holder,
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a) Separate storage facilities must
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2.4 Inspections should include an a
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g) Adequate facilities must be prov
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d) Corridors must be at least 1.8m
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1. NORMS1.1 Schools to be operated
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• A cardiopulmonary mouthpiece pr
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a) All circumcisions must be conduc
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) Toilets, wash hand basins and bat
Page 41 and 42: • Liquid soap;• First aid instr
Page 43 and 44: h) A daily record must be kept on t
Page 45 and 46: t) A separate room or area with sep
Page 47 and 48: h) An adequate number of purpose-ma
Page 49 and 50: c) Health care facilities should ha
Page 51 and 52: a) All facilities used in connectio
Page 53 and 54: 5. General hygiene requirementsa) T
Page 55 and 56: 1.1 The premises operated under a v
Page 57 and 58: 5. Environmental health should cond
Page 59 and 60: d) The use of non-waterborne sanita
Page 61 and 62: so many kgs of manure is produced p
Page 63 and 64: a) On any residential premises, onl
Page 65 and 66: n) A rodent-proof storeroom must be
Page 67 and 68: d) Pets must be vaccinated against
Page 69 and 70: 1.3 The premises in compliance with
Page 71 and 72: 2.1 Environmental health inspection
Page 73 and 74: 2.1 Environmental health inspection
Page 75 and 76: 1) Responsibility of management1.1.
Page 77 and 78: that all possible health impacts of
Page 79 and 80: BACKGROUNDThe Scope of Profession o
Page 81 and 82: a) An Integrated Disease Surveillan
Page 83 and 84: a) All food onboard must be stored
Page 85 and 86: 3. Waste managementa) The managemen
Page 87 and 88: c) Documents outlining prevention,
Page 89 and 90: Chapter 3HEALTH RELATED WATER QUALI
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Page 95 and 96: SECTION 4:WATER QUALITY MONITORING
Page 97 and 98: water world etc)1. In the event of
Page 99 and 100: Step 2: if water is obtained from t
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Page 103 and 104: 3. Household grey-water (generated
Page 105 and 106: SECTION 14:MONITORING OF DRINKING W
Page 107 and 108: contamination (e.g. from birds and
Page 109 and 110: SECTION 21: COMPLIANCE ENFORCEMENT6
Page 111 and 112: DEFINITION OF APPLICABLE TERMSThe f
Page 113 and 114: BACKGROUNDWaste management is the c
Page 115 and 116: • Provides municipal health servi
Page 117 and 118: a) The premises used for recycling
Page 119 and 120: SECTION 4: COLLECTION OF GENERAL WA
Page 121 and 122: SECTION 7: CLASSIFICATION, PACKAGIN
Page 123 and 124: • The spillage area shall be mark
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Page 127 and 128: anatomical waste anatomical • Hav
Page 129 and 130: • Waste oxidizing substances and
Page 131 and 132: Sharps container 90 days Cool room
Page 133 and 134: Relationships between transboundary
Page 135 and 136: Chapter 5HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND C
Page 137 and 138: 3. The premises used in connection
Page 139 and 140: d) In addition, all hazardous subst
Page 141 and 142: 4. Guidelines for Drinking Water Qu
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for conducting monitoring.7. Analyz
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Bacterial infectionsCholeraCampylob
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paralytic aspeticmeningitis. The re
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National Norms and Standards relating to Environmental Health

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