COUNTRY BACKGROUND - Gross National Happiness Commission

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Economic Performance development was generally faster in Southern and Western Bhutan than in the East. III. Economic Development during the 1980sIII. Economic Development during the 1980s Availability of DataAvailability of Data 2.6 The availability of economic data in Bhutan is variable. Consistent GDP series begin only in 1980, and the most recent year for which GDP estimates were available when the Plan was prepared, was 1989. This means that broad economic data were available only for the first half of 6FYP, although figures relating to public finance and foreign exchange were available for the whole period. Other areas where statistics are especially weak include employment and labour force data, trade, and production in the traditional sector (which accounts for almost half of all production). Table 2.1 GDP Sector Shares and Growth Rates 1980-1989 Structure of GDP in 1980Structure of GDP in 1980 2.7 Although economic development had taken place since the 1960s, at the beginning of the 1980s, agriculture remained the most important sector in terms of GDP and employment: contributing 56% of GDP as shown in Table 2.1. Other significant sectors were trade and the activities of the Royal Government in the economy, each accounting for 11% in 1980. Development of the industrial sector was constrained by lack of investment due to the emphasis of Government expenditure on infrastructure and the lack of entrepreneurial skills and thus accounted for less than 4% of GDP, with about half the contribution from the construction industry. The lack of geological information and necessary technical expertise limited the development of the mineral sector, which accounted for only 0.6% of GDP in 1980. The power sector accounted for only 0.2% of GDP in 1980. Growth of GDP in the 1980sGrowth of GDP in the 1980s 2.8 During the 1980s, GDP grew at an average of 7.5% — a very rapid rate of growth compared with most developing countries during the same period. (These growth rates are assuming constant prices, i.e. the effects of inflation have been eliminated.) By 1989, GDP was 90% above — almost double — its 1980 level. Assuming a population growth rate of 2.5%, per capita GDP growth was 5% per annum, with per capita GDP estimated at $370 by 1991. Unlike previous Plan periods, the major impetus for GDP growth was not from increases in aid, but was largely based on the expansion of the electricity and mining/manufacturing sectors. Starting from a negligible base, electricity sector growth averaged 65% p.a ( see page 4). This was largely due 2 SECTOR GDP Share 1980 Average Growth 1980—89% GDP Share 1989 Agriculture 55.7% 5.0% 45.1% Mining & Quarrying 0.6% 13.8% 1.0% Manufacturing 3.2% 15.2% 6.0% Electricity 0.2% 65.4% 10.8% Construction 7.8% 4.7% 6.3% Trade etc. 10.9% 1.1% 6.3% Transport & Communications 4.3% 12.9% 6.7% Financial Services 6.3% 9.8% 7.7% Community & Social Services 10.8% 6.8% 10.2% Source: Central Statistical Office.
2: <strong>Gross</strong> Domestic Product 1980 — 89 Economic Performance (Nu. million, 1980 constant prices) 1980 1981 1982 1983 Agriculture, livestock, forestry and fishing 621.4 636.1 692.2 742.2 agriculture proper 309.9 312.5 331.0 368.9 livestock production 139.2 144.5 149.7 155.4 forestry & logging 172.3 179.1 211.5 217.9 fishing .. .. .. .. Mining and quarrying 6.8 8.9 12.1 8.9 Manufacturing 35.8 59.1 59.6 62.9 Electricity and gas 2.5 2.7 3.1 6 Construction 88.5 131.0 157.7 185.2 Wholesale & retail trade, restaurants and hotels 121.5 140.3 132.0 122.0 Transport, storage and communications 47.9 54.9 57.4 64.8 Financing, insurance, real estate & business services 70.2 80.3 77.0 91.1 financing & insurance real estate & business services Community, social & personal services (Government, administration & defence) 120.4 121.5 102.1 113.1 Less: imputed bank service charges -20.0 -30.0 -24.0 -26.0 <strong>Gross</strong> Domestic Product (GDP) 1095.0 1204.8 1269.2 1370.2 1 Less: consumption of fixed capital 61.2 70.4 74.7 82.8 Net Domestic Product (NDP) 1033.8 1134.4 1194.5 1287.4 1 Rate of growth of GDP over preceding year 10.0% 5.3% 8.0% Source: Central Statistical Office. Figure 2.1 21.4 48.8 31.5 48.8 19.4 57.6 24.7 66.4 3
Page 1 and 2: COUNTRY BACKGROUND I. Physical Char
Page 3 and 4: COUNTRY BACKGROUND Minerals The exa
Page 5 and 6: COUNTRY BACKGROUND Bhutan is the le
Page 7 and 8: COUNTRY BACKGROUND personnel polici
Page 9: CHAPTER 2 ECONOMIC PERFORMANCEECONO
Page 13 and 14: Figure 2.2 Economic Performance IV.
Page 15 and 16: Table 2.4 Government Expenditures 1
Page 17 and 18: Table 2.5 Summary of RGOB Budgetary
Page 19 and 20: Figure 2.5 Economic Performance 2.2
Page 21 and 22: Economic Performance of Infant Mort
Page 23 and 24: Approach to Development · sustaina
Page 25 and 26: Approach to Development 3.19 The fo
Page 27 and 28: Environment and Sustainable Develop
Page 29 and 30: Environment and Sustainable Develop
Page 31 and 32: Women's Involvement in Development
Page 33 and 34: CHAPTER 6 PRIVATISATION AND PUBLIC
Page 35 and 36: unacceptably high inequalities of i
Page 37 and 38: CHAPTER 7 ECONOMIC OUTLOOKECONOMIC
Page 39 and 40: Economic Outlook 7.9 This section e
Page 41 and 42: Table 7.2 Seventh Plan Outlay and S
Page 43 and 44: Figure 7.2 Figure 7.3 Capital Expen
Page 45 and 46: Economic Outlook economic sector wi
Page 47 and 48: Economic Outlook recurrent expendit
Page 49 and 50: Financing GapFinancing Gap Table 7.
Page 51 and 52: Fiscal and Monetary Policy Table 8.
Page 53 and 54: Fiscal and Monetary Policy Strategy
Page 55 and 56: Fiscal and Monetary Policy Table 8.
Page 57 and 58: Fiscal and Monetary Policy TABLE 8.
Page 59 and 60: I. IntroductionI. Introduction CHAP
Page 61 and 62:
Aid Policy 9.9 Sectoral Allocation
Page 63 and 64:
Aid Policy 9.20 Sector Ministries,
Page 65 and 66:
Aid Policy Aid and the Private Sect
Page 67 and 68:
Culture and Religion Dratshangs and
Page 69 and 70:
Culture and Religion and documented
Page 71 and 72:
Culture and Religion V. Financial a
Page 73 and 74:
Education Table 11.1 Educational In
Page 75 and 76:
Education Higher EducationHigher Ed
Page 77 and 78:
Education 11.24 In 1986, the enrolm
Page 79 and 80:
Education Table 11.3 Enrolment Targ
Page 81 and 82:
Education particularly of the natio
Page 83 and 84:
Education writing and numeracy and
Page 85 and 86:
CHAPTER 12 Human Resource Developme
Page 87 and 88:
of Bhutan + Corporation Planning Co
Page 89 and 90:
Joint and Public Sector IndustriesJ
Page 91 and 92:
Table 12.5 Sectoral Training Funded
Page 93 and 94:
Human Resource Development IV. Manp
Page 95 and 96:
CHAPTER 13 HEALTH SERVICESHEALTH SE
Page 97 and 98:
Table 13.2 Health Institutions July
Page 99 and 100:
A. Objectives and Strategies in the
Page 101 and 102:
Table 13.5 Goals for Children and W
Page 103 and 104:
Health Services IV. Health Sector P
Page 105 and 106:
Mother and Child Health (MCH)Mother
Page 107 and 108:
TOTALS FOR Health 1992/93 1993/94 1
Page 109 and 110:
Human Settlements Chhukha. Certifie
Page 111 and 112:
Human Settlements Lack of Skilled M
Page 113 and 114:
Human Settlements only a fraction -
Page 115 and 116:
Human Settlements awareness of the
Page 117 and 118:
CHAPTER 15 TRANSPORT SECTORTRANSPOR
Page 119 and 120:
Table 15.2 Passenger Carriage by Dr
Page 121 and 122:
Civil AviationCivil Aviation Transp
Page 123 and 124:
Transport Sector 15.25 In the 7FYP,
Page 125 and 126:
Transport Sector target for formati
Page 127 and 128:
Transport Sector 11
Page 129 and 130:
CHAPTER 16 COMMUNICATIONS SECTORCOM
Page 131 and 132:
Table 16.1 Telephone Facilities 199
Page 133 and 134:
A. Objectives for the 7FYPA. Object
Page 135 and 136:
Communications Sector Dzongkhags -D
Page 137 and 138:
TOTALS FOR Department of Post, Tele
Page 139 and 140:
Renewable Natural Resources Table 1
Page 141 and 142:
Renewable Natural Resources earning
Page 143 and 144:
Renewable Natural Resources 17.27 T
Page 145 and 146:
Renewable Natural Resources Table 1
Page 147 and 148:
Renewable Natural Resources coopera
Page 149 and 150:
Renewable Natural Resources Institu
Page 151 and 152:
Renewable Natural Resources 17.67 A
Page 153 and 154:
Renewable Natural Resources Wildlif
Page 155 and 156:
Renewable Natural Resources TOTALS
Page 157 and 158:
Chapter 18 MANUFACTURING AND TRADEM
Page 159 and 160:
18.8 (see Chapter 19 on Mineral Dev
Page 161 and 162:
Input supplyInput supply Manufactur
Page 163 and 164:
Manufacturing and Trade Polythene P
Page 165 and 166:
Manufacturing and Trade Formulation
Page 167 and 168:
Manufacturing and Trade V. Financia
Page 169 and 170:
Mineral Development Coal mining and
Page 171 and 172:
Mineral Development Table 19.2 Esti
Page 173 and 174:
Mineral Development be purchased: 3
Page 175 and 176:
CHAPTER 20 ENERGY SECTORENERGY SECT
Page 177 and 178:
Exports and ImportsExports and Impo
Page 179 and 180:
Energy Sector 20.21 Most of the rur
Page 181 and 182:
shortages. Energy Sector 20.34 Alte
Page 183:
Energy Sector items will include pu
show all

COUNTRY BACKGROUND - Gross National Happiness Commission

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?