COUNTRY BACKGROUND - Gross National Happiness Commission

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Transport Sector Table 15.1 Major Highways 1990 15.4 Motor road construction began in 1959 with the assistance of Government of India. By the end of First Plan (1961-1966), there were bus services connecting some of the Southern towns such as Phuntsholing, Samdrup Jongkhar, Sarbhang, Samchi and Geylegphug to neighbouring Indian towns and railheads. Major roads such as the Geylegphug-Sarbhang, Phuntsholing-Thimphu, Phuntsholing-Paro, Samdrup Jongkhar-Tashigang and Geylegphug-Mangdichu were constructed in the First Plan. In the first two plans, an overwhelming percentage of plan outlays were allocated to the road construction sector. Outlay in the road sector was 58.7% in First plan, 35% in the Second Plan and 17.8% in the Third Plan. Motor BridgesMotor Bridges 15.5 Most of the bridges were constructed as temporary structures (bailey bridges with stone masonry substructure) and they have passed their design life. Within a few years, they will not be suitable for use by heavy vehicles. Druk Air, Royal Bhutan AirlinesDruk Air, Royal Bhutan Airlines 15.6 Druk-Air was formed in 1981. A new aircraft a BAe-146 was purchased in October 1988 to supplement the 2 existing Dornier aircraft. The purchase of the BAe-146 has increased the capacity of the airline as the BAe-146 has a seating capacity of 80 people while a Dornier has an 18 seat capacity. There is only one airport in Bhutan at Paro, although there are many helipads across the country. Bhutan was linked by air to Dhaka in 1986, to New Delhi in November 1988, to Kathmandu in April 1989 and to Bangkok in March 1989. There are flight services to all of these places and Calcutta twice a week. Druk-Air services have facilitated the mobility of officials and tourists. 2 Sector Length in Km. Simtokha - Wangdi Wangdi -Tongsa Tongsa -Jakar Jakar -Mongar Mongar -Tashigang Wangdi -Chirang Chirang -Sarbhang Tala -Raidak Tashigang-S/Jongkhar Tongsa -Sarbhang Thimphu -Phuntsholing Chuzumsa -Drugyel Dzong Chuzumsa -Haa 66 129 68 193 91 90 64 23 180 270 179 40 79 Total 1472
Table 15.2 Passenger Carriage by Druk Air Stations June 1988- June 1989 Paro-Delhi Paro-Bangkok Paro-Dhaka Paro-Kathmandu Paro-Calcutta Total Forms of TransportForms of Transport Transport Sector 15.7 For the day to day needs of transportation in rural areas, back-packing, horses, yaks (only males are used for transportation) and oxen are still widely used. Vehicles are concentrated in the Western and Southern region. At the start of Second Plan, there were 131 vehicles in Bhutan. The Number of vehicles at present is shown in Table 15.3. InstitutionsInstitutions 15.8 The Department of Roads under the Ministry of Communication is responsible for developing a network of highways and feeder roads. The Department of Roads maintained a staff strength of 1,048 in 1990. A substantial proportion of its staff consists of non-nationals. It has the technical capability to undertake 90 km of base course cutting per year. The Department of Roads has the following units: 4 maintenance divisions (Limethang, Lobesa, Wangdi and Thimphu) 3 formation cutting units, 2 base course cutting units, 1 bituminous sealing unit, and 1 central workshop in Geylegphug. June 1989- June 1990 Arrival Depart Total Arrival Depart Total 139 328 386 249 3193 Table 15.3 Vehicle Numbers 1980-1988 1558 290 420 226 3035 2949 627 806 475 6228 11,085 Year Cars Jeeps Trucks Buses Bull dozer 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988a 76 167 319 402 620 782 934 1027 1235 118 185 276 377 469 627 810 951 1105 (a) Total includes 80 numbers of power tillers. Source: Department of Revenue and Customs. 156 333 431 498 673 826 955 1075 1249 9 14 23 27 37 57 78 99 118 3117 1355 316 889 1983 Taxis 311 1620 406 903 1688 Two Wheelers Department of Civil Aviation and TransportDepartment of Civil Aviation and Transport - - 6 8 9 9 10 10 12 23 39 55 60 78 117 153 213 250 299 455 707 946 1200 1513 1883 2281 2882 6230 2975 722 1792 3671 15390 Diplomatic Total 19 19 23 27 36 49 58 65 71 700 1212 1840 2345 3122 3980 4881 5721 7002 3
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COUNTRY BACKGROUND I. Physical Char
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COUNTRY BACKGROUND Minerals The exa
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COUNTRY BACKGROUND Bhutan is the le
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COUNTRY BACKGROUND personnel polici
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CHAPTER 2 ECONOMIC PERFORMANCEECONO
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2: Gross Domestic Product 1980 —
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Figure 2.2 Economic Performance IV.
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Table 2.4 Government Expenditures 1
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Table 2.5 Summary of RGOB Budgetary
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Figure 2.5 Economic Performance 2.2
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Economic Performance of Infant Mort
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Approach to Development · sustaina
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Approach to Development 3.19 The fo
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Environment and Sustainable Develop
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Environment and Sustainable Develop
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Women's Involvement in Development
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CHAPTER 6 PRIVATISATION AND PUBLIC
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unacceptably high inequalities of i
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CHAPTER 7 ECONOMIC OUTLOOKECONOMIC
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Economic Outlook 7.9 This section e
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Table 7.2 Seventh Plan Outlay and S
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Figure 7.2 Figure 7.3 Capital Expen
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Economic Outlook economic sector wi
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Economic Outlook recurrent expendit
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Financing GapFinancing Gap Table 7.
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Fiscal and Monetary Policy Table 8.
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Fiscal and Monetary Policy Strategy
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Fiscal and Monetary Policy Table 8.
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Fiscal and Monetary Policy TABLE 8.
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I. IntroductionI. Introduction CHAP
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Aid Policy 9.9 Sectoral Allocation
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Aid Policy 9.20 Sector Ministries,
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Aid Policy Aid and the Private Sect
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Page 75 and 76: Education Higher EducationHigher Ed
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Page 107 and 108: TOTALS FOR Health 1992/93 1993/94 1
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Mineral Development Coal mining and
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Mineral Development Table 19.2 Esti
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Mineral Development be purchased: 3
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CHAPTER 20 ENERGY SECTORENERGY SECT
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Exports and ImportsExports and Impo
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Energy Sector 20.21 Most of the rur
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shortages. Energy Sector 20.34 Alte
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Energy Sector items will include pu
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COUNTRY BACKGROUND - Gross National Happiness Commission

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