Building Services Engineering 5th Edition Handbook

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Room acoustics 337 100 90 80 70 60 Sound pressure level (dB) 50 40 30 20 10 0 31.5 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 Frequency (Hz) NR 30 NR 35 NR 40 NR 45 NR 50 NR 55 14.3 Noise rating curves. Table 14.5 Physical constants for noise rating calculation. Frequency f (Hz) A f (dB) B f (dB) 31.5 55.4 0.681 63 35.5 0.79 125 22.0 0.87 250 12.0 0.93 500 4.8 0.974 1000 0 1.0 2000 −3.5 1.015 4000 −6.1 1.025 8000 −8.0 1.03 The values of the physical constants to calculate noise rating are shown in Table 14.5 (Australian Standard AS 1469–1983). The normal applications of noise rating are shown in Table 14.6.
338 Room acoustics Table 14.6 Noise rating applications. Application Noise rating Comment Acoustic laboratory NR 15 Critical acoustics Radio studio NR 15 Critical acoustics Concert hall NR 15 Critical acoustics TV studio NR 20 Excellent listening Large conference room NR 25 Very good listening Hospital, home, hotel NR 30 Sleeping, relaxing Library, private office NR 35 Good listening Office, restaurant, retail NR 40 Fair listening Cafeteria, corridor, workshop NR 45 Moderate listening Commercial garage, factory NR 50 Minimum speech interference Manufacturing NR 55 Speech interference Heavy engineering to industrial NR 60 to NR 80 Sound levels judged on merits, leading to risk of hearing damage EXAMPLE 14.8 An air-conditioning fan produces the sound spectrum shown in Table 14.7 within an occupied room. Calculate the sound pressure levels for noise ratings NR 35, NR 40, NR 45, NR 50 and NR 55, and plot the noise rating curves for the frequency range from 31.5 to 8000 Hz. Plot the room sound pressure levels on the same graph and find which noise rating is not exceeded. Table 14.7 Noise spectrum in Example 14.8. Frequency f (Hz) 31.5 63 125 250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k Room SPL (dB) 39 44 48 52 55 49 36 33 28 A manually calculated example for one noise rating curve is shown. The reader should use the spreadsheet graph or chart facilities to plot the whole figure. Calculate the SPL values for NR 55. NR fd = 55 SPL = NR f × B f + A f dB Calculate the SPL at each frequency for the values of B f and A f from Table 14.5. For 31.5 Hz, SPL = 55 × 0.681 + 55.4 dB = 92 dB For 63 Hz, SPL = 55 × 0.79 + 35.5 dB = 78 dB
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Building Services Engineering
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Building Services Engineering Fifth
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Contents Preface to fifth edition A
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Contents vii Sick building syndrome
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Contents ix Circuit design 294 Cabl
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Preface to fifth edition Building S
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Acknowledgements I am particularly
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Units and constants xv Table 2 Mult
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Symbols xvii Symbol Description Uni
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Symbols xix Symbol Description Unit
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2 Built environment Introduction Th
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4 Built environment Ventilation The
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6 Built environment (a) At full occ
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8 Built environment Table 1.2 Compa
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10 Built environment Because of the
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12 Built environment Visual display
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14 Built environment v = 7 m/s t a
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16 Built environment 1.4 Sling psyc
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18 Built environment 1.7 Thermistor
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20 Built environment t res = t g (1
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22 Built environment great care wit
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24 Built environment 16. An hotel l
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26 Built environment 37. Are any of
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28 Built environment building has a
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30 Built environment 73. What was t
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32 Energy economics Introduction Bu
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34 Energy economics 16. air-to-air
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36 Energy economics 1 kWh = 1 kWh
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38 Energy economics 2. Heat transfe
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40 Energy economics For solid fuel
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42 Energy economics gas cost = 1.80
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44 Energy economics Table 2.5 Carbo
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46 Energy economics EXAMPLE 2.8 A h
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48 Energy economics annual cost = u
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50 Energy economics EXAMPLE 2.12 Ex
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52 Energy economics l = 0.035 ( 1 0
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54 Energy economics Table 2.11 Valu
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56 Energy economics From Table 2.4
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58 Energy economics 3. Minimum outs
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3 Heat loss calculations Learning o
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62 Heat loss calculations Table 3.1
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64 Heat loss calculations Table 3.6
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66 Heat loss calculations Where onl
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68 Heat loss calculations The venti
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70 Heat loss calculations The surro
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72 Heat loss calculations The speci
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74 Heat loss calculations where R m
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76 Heat loss calculations The addit
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78 Heat loss calculations operation
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80 Heat loss calculations 2. The fo
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82 Heat loss calculations internal
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84 Heat loss calculations 27. Which
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86 Heating Key terms and concepts a
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88 Heating 4.2 Electrically heated
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90 Heating Sheet steel case Removab
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92 Heating Floor finish Screed with
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94 Heating Flue Return air plenum F
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96 Heating Table 4.1 Classification
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98 Heating Table 4.2 Heat output fr
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100 Heating Table 4.3 Flow of water
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102 Heating and, maximum available
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104 Heating This means that one vol
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106 Heating Performance testing A r
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108 Heating Electrical power genera
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110 Heating Combined heat and power
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112 Heating 3. A building energy ma
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114 Heating Connections are made to
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116 Heating remotely the MWh consum
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118 Heating 13. The two-pipe heatin
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120 Heating 27. Which is not correc
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122 Heating 39. Which of these is t
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124 Heating 4. Heat supplied is cha
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126 Ventilation and air conditionin
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6 Hot- and cold-water supplies Lear
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180 Hot- and cold-water supplies Wa
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182 Hot- and cold-water supplies po
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184 Hot- and cold-water supplies Ce
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186 Hot- and cold-water supplies st
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188 Hot- and cold-water supplies 0.
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190 Hot- and cold-water supplies 53
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192 Hot- and cold-water supplies an
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194 Hot- and cold-water supplies Ta
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196 Hot- and cold-water supplies Ta
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198 Hot- and cold-water supplies (a
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204 Hot- and cold-water supplies 49
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206 Soil and waste systems Introduc
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208 Soil and waste systems Open to
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210 Soil and waste systems 7. Bends
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212 Soil and waste systems The inte
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214 Soil and waste systems 40 mm wa
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216 Soil and waste systems Table 7.
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218 Soil and waste systems 50 mm ve
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220 Soil and waste systems 3. Long
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222 Surface-water drainage Table 8.
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224 Surface-water drainage Rectangu
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226 Surface-water drainage The solu
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228 Surface-water drainage 7. A PVC
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230 Below-ground drainage Design ca
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232 Below-ground drainage Manhole:
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234 Below-ground drainage From Fig.
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236 Below-ground drainage storage v
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238 Below-ground drainage 14. The f
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240 Condensation in buildings mould
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242 Condensation in buildings The w
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244 Condensation in buildings EXAMP
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246 Condensation in buildings This
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248 Condensation in buildings Tempe
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250 Condensation in buildings and,
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252 Condensation in buildings EXAMP
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254 Condensation in buildings Tempe
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256 Condensation in buildings For t
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258 Condensation in buildings 4. Ev
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11 Lighting Learning objectives Stu
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262 Lighting Table 11.1 Typical val
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264 Lighting Light sources 9 9 9 Wi
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266 Lighting Utilization factor The
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268 Lighting From Table 11.3, for a
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270 Lighting Table 11.4 Lamp data.
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272 Lighting number of lamps = 12.8
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274 Lighting 3. Sketch and describe
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276 Lighting 4. Insufficient inform
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278 Lighting 3. 800 lm/m 2 . 4. 260
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12 Gas Learning objectives Study of
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282 Gas Open to atmosphere Rubber p
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284 Gas EL = (1.25 × 34) m = 42.5
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Page 323 and 324: 302 Electrical installations Table
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Page 333 and 334: 312 Electrical installations Test o
Page 335 and 336: 314 Electrical installations Joint
Page 337 and 338: 316 Electrical installations 4. 100
Page 339 and 340: 318 Electrical installations 39. Wh
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Page 343 and 344: 322 Room acoustics 20. understand t
Page 345 and 346: 324 Room acoustics pump blades and
Page 347 and 348: 326 Room acoustics ceiling, Q is 4.
Page 349 and 350: 328 Room acoustics Table 14.2 Solut
Page 351 and 352: 330 Room acoustics Table 14.3 Fan s
Page 353 and 354: 332 Room acoustics Table 14.4 Illus
Page 355 and 356: 334 Room acoustics (Sound Research
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Page 363 and 364: 342 Room acoustics 24. A forced-dra
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Page 367 and 368: 346 Room acoustics 3. Multiple sour
Page 369 and 370: 348 Room acoustics 55. Which is not
Page 371 and 372: 350 Fire protection computer monito
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Page 377 and 378: 356 Fire protection Range pipe Spri
Page 379 and 380: 358 Fire protection Fire compartmen
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Page 383 and 384: 362 Plant and service areas Key ter
Page 385 and 386: 364 Plant and service areas 2.0 1.5
Page 387 and 388: 366 Plant and service areas Fuel st
Page 389 and 390: 368 Plant and service areas a minim
Page 391 and 392: 370 Plant and service areas An unde
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Page 395 and 396: 374 Plant and service areas 100 mm
Page 397 and 398: 376 Plant and service areas Fire co
Page 399 and 400: 378 Plant and service areas Table 1
Page 401 and 402: 380 Plant and service areas 11. Wha
Page 403 and 404: 17 Mechanical transportation Learni
Page 405 and 406: 384 Mechanical transportation Table
Page 407 and 408: 386 Mechanical transportation Crowd
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388 Mechanical transportation Hydra
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390 Mechanical transportation 4. Co
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18 Question bank Learning objective
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394 Question bank 8. Which correctl
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396 Question bank 5. This building
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398 Understanding units Questions 1
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400 Understanding units 15. Which i
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402 Understanding units 29. Which o
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404 Understanding units 43. Which i
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Appendix: answers to questions Chap
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408 Appendix Chapter 3 Heat loss ca
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410 Appendix 4. 0.007469 kg H 2 O/k
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412 Appendix 32. 5 33. 5 34. 3 35.
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414 Appendix 23. Lighting 1200 h/ye
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416 Appendix 27. 37 dB. 28. 39 dB.
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418 Appendix 15. 5 16. 2 17. 5 18.
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References Action Energy, Departmen
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Index Absorption 154, 324 Absorptio
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424 Index Gas burner controls 289 G
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426 Index Sensible heat gains 137 S
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