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Formula 1-3<br />
Definition of pressure<br />
www.pfeiffer-vacuum.net<br />
Figure 1.1: Overview of vacuum<br />
Source: Paul Scherer Institut, CH<br />
1.2 Fundamentals<br />
1.2.1 Pressure<br />
Any gas enclosed within a volume is always uniformly distributed. The individual gas particles<br />
are constantly moving back and forth at high-speed within the volume; upon striking the<br />
vessel wall, they exert a force F on surface A due to pulse transmission. The pressure p that<br />
is exerted on the wall is defined as<br />
p =<br />
F<br />
A<br />
Page 9<br />
<strong>Vacuum</strong><br />
<strong>Technology</strong>
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