Design for Learning- Principles, Processes, and Praxis, 2021a

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National Science Foundation. References Dorst, K. (2003). The problem of design problems. Design Thinking Research Symposium, Sydney, 17(19.11). Dorst, K., & Cross, N. (2001). Creativity in the design process: coevolution of problem-solution. Design Studies, 22(5), 425-437. doi:10.1016/S0142-694X(01)00009-6 Harfield, S. (2007). On design `problematization': Theorising differences in designed outcomes. Design Studies, 28(2), 159-173. doi:10.1016/j.destud.2006.11.005 Jonassen, D. H. (2000). Toward a design theory of problem solving. Educational Technology Research and Development, 48(4), 63-85. doi:10.1007/BF02300500 Kolko, J. (2010). Abductive thinking and sensemaking: The drivers of design synthesis. Design Issues, 26(1), 15-28. doi:10.1162/desi.2010.26.1.15 Ogle, D. M. (1989). The know, want to know, learn strategy. Children’s comprehension of text: Research into practice, 205-223. Ohno, T. (1978). Toyota production system: Beyond large-scale production. Vol. 1: Cambridge, MA: Productivity Press. Sandoval, W. (2014). Conjecture mapping: An approach to systematic educational design research. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 23(1), 18-36. doi:10.1080/10508406.2013.778204 Schön, D. A. (1983). The reflective practitioner: How professionals Design for Learning 140
think in action. New York: Basic Books. Serrat, O. (2017). The five whys technique. Knowledge solutions (pp. 307-310): Springer. Design for Learning 141
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Design for Learning Principles, Pro
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Table of Contents Introduction ....
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Introduction Jason K. McDonald & Ri
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fill out these surveys as they will
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Part I Instructional Design Practic
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1 Becoming a Learning Designer Elle
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designers take when designing lesso
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to work? How will we engage learner
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All variants of Design Thinking emb
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prototypes and wireframes, graphic
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As Simon envisioned this role, the
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Mobile app design Social and collab
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may manifest. However, there are cu
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uild a survey, and conducting marke
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key principles and various helpful
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2 Designing for Diverse Learners Su
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equipment for access of computer-ba
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designers should not stop there but
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Visual Thinking and Animal Behavior
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Considerations Hearing difficulties
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Design for Learning 42
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Each of these dimensions will be di
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Differences Between UDL and DI With
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environments should support varied
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those on the fringes of dominant cu
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4. 5. 6. Observe universal design.
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Gay, G. (2002). Preparing for cultu
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diverse classrooms (3rd ed.). ASCD.
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When to Use Qualitative and Quantit
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3. 4. Dependability (reliability) i
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in interviewing, it’s not always
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4. 5. not?” Follow up by asking,
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Report Findings The final step is t
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acquisition, and c) foreign languag
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The study plan matrix operationaliz
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or teacher. Essentially, questions
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Definition of Effective Implementat
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obvious thing the invite should inc
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effects of known variables. ANCOVA
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6. transformations or computing of
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Even though there is a science fill
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influencing learner performance can
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Are we sure that instruction is goi
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Figure 1 provides an overview of ho
Page 90 and 91: from Tessmer & Richey (1997 While c
Page 92 and 93: Method of Analysis Needs Analysis D
Page 94 and 95: instructional designers will have a
Page 96 and 97: Level of Scale Low (1-2 weeks) Medi
Page 98 and 99: INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN PROJECT INTAKE
Page 100 and 101: Cennamo, K., & Kalk, D., (2019). Re
Page 102 and 103: groundbreaking classic on human per
Page 104 and 105: 5 Conducting a Learner Analysis Jos
Page 106 and 107: knowledge, and their demographics,
Page 108 and 109: or that has no connection to studen
Page 110 and 111: designing the best learning environ
Page 112 and 113: Fact-finding - Most conflicts are r
Page 114 and 115: Objective Define the purpose/vision
Page 116 and 117: Note. Persona example from https://
Page 118 and 119: Note. Persona example from https://
Page 120 and 121: go beyond the physical location and
Page 122 and 123: https://edtechbooks.org/-Snvzp Ambr
Page 124 and 125: knowledge influences memory in olde
Page 126 and 127: 6 Problem Framing Vanessa Svihla Is
Page 128 and 129: An Example of How the Same Initial
Page 130 and 131: Figure 2 Problem Structure, Complex
Page 132 and 133: “framing agency” is a hallmark
Page 134 and 135: What Tools Help Designers Frame Pro
Page 136 and 137: designers coherently link the task
Page 138 and 139: easons for reframing are likelier t
Page 142 and 143: 7 Task and Content Analysis Levi Po
Page 144 and 145: analyzing interpersonal skills. Con
Page 146 and 147: facts, concept, and principles). On
Page 148 and 149: Length of nails 10-penny or less is
Page 150 and 151: content area. A course on home repa
Page 152 and 153: a. b. c. d. e. f. Tactile cue: Feel
Page 154 and 155: Conclusion Task/content analysis is
Page 156 and 157: 8 Documenting Instructional Design
Page 158 and 159: Decision Typologies as They Relate
Page 160 and 161: Decisions Type of Decision- Making
Page 162 and 163: Naturalistic Decision-Making Exampl
Page 164 and 165: their design process to log and ref
Page 166 and 167: Conclusion While decision-making is
Page 168 and 169: knowledge and experience to solve i
Page 170 and 171: Luo, T., & Baaki, J. (2019). Gradua
Page 172 and 173: Tracey, M. W., & Hutchinson, A. (20
Page 174 and 175: Creating Creating practices are tho
Page 176 and 177: Many ideation techniques focus on g
Page 178 and 179: Noel Oh! Sorry. The PASS model—I
Page 180 and 181: Noel Nice. And we should make the j
Page 182 and 183: Table 1 Common Structured Ideation
Page 184 and 185: Contrast the two techniques you tri
Page 186 and 187: with no instructions and putting th
Page 188 and 189: Additional Readings and Resources T
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Daly, S. R., Seifert, C. M., Yilmaz
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initial investigation of expert pra
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10 Instructional Strategies Joshua
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Learning Domain Strategies Each lea
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muscular actions. When teaching psy
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specific to general You could teach
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values or needs. Relevance is also
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well-defined learning goals; instru
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11 Instructional Design Prototyping
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psychology has established that the
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Table 1 Prototyping Stages and Goal
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Note. Many of the examples provided
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other design contexts such as indus
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Note. CC-BY from Rosenfeld Media, a
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they reach a product that will acco
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This approach is believed to be les
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prototype, you can learn about the
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doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2015.10140
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Merrill, M. D., & Wilson, B. (2007)
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Evaluating Evaluating practices hel
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Defining Critique Used throughout t
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on the work itself and not on the d
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Any critique develops both the crit
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Group Critique (illustration by the
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2010). Studios are based on the ide
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can be paired or grouped as need be
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which are overwhelmingly negative o
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176-177). Mahwah: Erlbaum. Dannels,
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13 The Role of Design Judgment and
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instructional module to be delivere
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The second is instrumental judgment
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concerned with design tools—every
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(Tracey et al., 2014). It is usuall
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the design should be focused on. To
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appreciate public libraries. We lik
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References and Suggested Readings B
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49(4), 3-17. Stolterman, E., McAtee
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ADDIE Model of Design (Fav203, 2012
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Reaction In order to have effective
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“When the cook tastes the soup th
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Summative Dick et al. (2015, p. 320
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implementation of a design. Moseley
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One-to-One The one-to-one evaluatio
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Field Trial Summative Evaluation Th
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Stake’s Model Stake in 1969 creat
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the goal-free evaluator. Younker pr
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Conclusion Evaluation is the proces
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2. 3. 4. Draw a diagram of the iter
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References Boston, C. (2002). The c
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Youker, B. W. (2013). Goal-free eva
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these data. Historically, any neede
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student learning in a specific cont
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Build: Designing for Data, Instrume
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An open source software implementat
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assessments require students to App
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A Worked Example Lumen Learning, a
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learning outcome. This activity pro
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Part II Instructional Design Knowle
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16 Learning Theories Beth Oyarzun &
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evokes a specific functional reacti
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For example, if the desired learnin
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example of a cognitive constructivi
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Yourself (DIY) forum. You may also
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self-efficacy. Social cognitive the
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motivators can enhance self-determi
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Keller’s ARCS Model Within the mo
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and models helps guide your design
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Dewey, J. (1938). Experience and ed
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designers through the lenses of dif
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Formally linking instructional desi
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The instructional theory framework
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3. 4. 5. Precision, which reflects
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Using the Instructional Theory Fram
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Value Learning Experience Design Fu
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experience may undergo any number o
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Respect the Instructional Design Ir
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obsolete, to today’s mobile game-
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understand these terms, one’s des
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subject testing. Performance & Impr
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Research and Development, 62(1), 53
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Instructional-design theories and m
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19 The Nature and Use of Precedent
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that the benefits of this form of e
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employees to learn," or "minimal sc
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cases, there may be little to indic
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configurations, in which the design
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idea; "what if we put together some
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developing instruction, consider th
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The Noticing Journal The beginning
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simple, they were not called out in
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practice. European Journal of Marke
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Zimmerman, E. (2003). Play as resea
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Competency and Standard In this sec
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Instructional Design and Technology
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competencies to practitioners, rese
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2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Take a
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AECT certifies graduate certificate
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Authors Audience Research Method Te
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Application Exercises 1. 2. 3. 4. H
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the educational technologist multim
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21 Design Thinking Vanessa Svihla E
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advantage of them? If design thinki
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Additional Reading For another grea
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When designing with end-users, we g
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implications for the agency, and ev
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Risks and Pitfalls Associated with
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instance, consider the various appr
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ID models, approaches, practices an
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References Adams, R. S., Daly, S. R
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Muller, M. J., & Kuhn, S. (1993). P
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22 Robert Gagné and the Systematic
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Laboratory. He held multiple academ
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An example would be classifying mus
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of prior learning allows learners t
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had a process to follow, a blueprin
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consisting of the final evaluation
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each skill into its smallest step b
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War II to the rise of the systemati
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Heinich, R., Molenda, M., Russell,
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with an extensive knowledge and ski
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competencies (i.e., the integration
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highly‐structured knowledge, or c
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y employing modelling examples and
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to carry out those tasks up to stan
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To conclude, dealing with current a
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Janssen‐Noordman, A. M. B., van M
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24 Curriculum Design Processes Buck
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Curriculum design is a team sport.
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learning strategies that connect to
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Standards and competency frameworks
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Visit http://www.lxcanvas.com/ for
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Visit https://edtechbooks.org/-TTeu
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Figure 8 Conceptual Illustration of
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Learning Environment Modeling—A M
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In addition to curriculum design be
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essential skill for emerging educat
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feedback. This kind of static list
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ealize the key components of the ag
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Scrum Basics and Roles Watch on You
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Note. "The Agile PM Game (Aug '11)"
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process. There are many similaritie
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An Example of Scrum in Practice At
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with similar user stories. Tripp an
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Links and Resources Scrum Guide (A
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how your design may need to incorpo
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guide to scrum: The rules of the ga
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26 Designing Technology- Enhanced L
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technologies, such as a computer or
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Learning experiences are now design
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Collaborativism (Online Collaborati
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instructional methods with intentio
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Pedagogical Intent—A Set of Core
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PICRAT. However, a new model has be
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PICRAT for Effective Technology Int
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The research on CTML is quite exten
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Challenge #4: Time/Cost/Efficiency
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Bransford, J. D., Brown, A. L., & C
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Koehler, M., & Mishra, P. (2009). W
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27 Designing Instructional Text Sha
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Towards a Theoretical Perspective T
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Principle 1: Simplify: Reduce Extra
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cameras, lecture recording, and liv
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Purpose and Placement of Instructio
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and norms. Figure 6 provides an exa
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emails are done with a short turnar
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Numbering Numbering aids in sequenc
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other”(p. 7). White space is nece
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This is 8px This is 10px This is 12
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Application Exercises Exercise 1 Re
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Education, 23(2), 243-265. Garrison
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28 Audio and Video Production for I
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Audio The most common lossless audi
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would be the highest quality. The b
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microphone. Condenser microphones h
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until you get to know your micropho
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The larger the room, the greater th
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Note. The top track is a voice trac
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yourself will help you work with pr
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Note. A more complete collection of
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Video Editing Tools Once the video
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the task on screen typically narrat
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transitions, it can be tempting to
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29 Using Visual and Graphic Element
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the manner in which they cause the
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An Organizational Picture Illustrat
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A Transformational Picture Using Mn
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the instructional techniques employ
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Google Image Search and the Usage R
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information is presented, such as s
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30 Simulations and Games Jeff Batt
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Video 1: How to Create a Watch Simu
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from their mistakes. The key here i
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Providing a theme has a couple of r
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This type of progression tool is al
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If the learner gets the question co
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information from one screen to anot
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Video 5: Using Triggers Watch on Vi
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Video 6: Understanding Conditions W
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31 Designing Informal Learning Envi
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If we use this as a guide to identi
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exploration and even learning throu
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Principle 4: Leverage the Benefits
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competition fueled their natural in
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Application Exercise For your refle
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ule/ Cordova, D. I., & Lepper, M. R
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32 The Design of Holistic Learning
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design way: Intentional change in a
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proposed that all instructional pro
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[the student] be changed by it). Ap
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Application Exercise Using the same
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33 Measuring Student Learning Lisa
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helps instructional designers incre
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Example Assessment Alignment Table
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Multiple-Choice Best Practice Guide
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Tips for Writing Higher Order Think
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High-Quality Examples 1. Proof 1: G
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Rubrics As discussed earlier in the
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descriptors below. Numerical Descri
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esults help instructional designers
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Table of Specifications Template Us
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34 Working With Stakeholders and Cl
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are using that process. It's also i
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Scope of Work When beginning work o
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Once you agree on a file hosting se
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Not communicating expectations earl
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Catching plagiarism early is vital.
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Conclusion In this chapter we discu
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35 Leading Project Teams Ashley Smi
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The Initiation phase encompasses al
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impact on the project. In many case
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There are always tradeoffs for ever
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(Rath, 2007, p. i). I have found wh
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Effective Strategies in Leading a T
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Communicating Effectively Don’t k
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Managing Conflicts Have crucial con
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from https://ebookcentral.proquest.
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design process, however. Designers
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The Stages of Roger's Implementatio
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definition of “long-term” can b
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Relative Advantage The concept of r
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Application Exercise You are an ins
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Jason K. McDonald Dr. Jason K. McDo
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Richard E. West Dr. Richard E. West
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McDonald, J. K. &West, R. E.(2021).
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