Design for Learning- Principles, Processes, and Praxis, 2021a

Visual Thinking and Animal Behavior
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Applying Empathy in Design
Empathic understandings of target learners can then be applied to
design parameters, such as how content will be communicated to
learners through the designed instructional experience, how learners
will practice concepts and skills during a lesson, or how learning will
be assessed formatively and summatively. As designers generate ideas
for these parameters, they can integrate their empathic
understandings of the target learners with expectations and
requirements from stakeholders and the realistic constraints of
available resources and the target learning environment. See Table 1
Design for Learning 38