Design for Learning- Principles, Processes, and Praxis, 2021a

An example would be classifying music as pop, country, or classical.
Rule using is applying a rule to a given situation or condition. A
learner will need to relate two or more simpler concepts, as a rule
states the relationship among concepts. In many cases, it is helpful to
think of these as “if-then” statements. For example, “if the tire is flat,
then I either need to put air in the tire or change the flat tire.” Finally,
problem solving is combining lower-level rules and applying them to
previously unencountered situations. This could include generating
new rules through trial and error until a problem is solved.
Nine Events of Instruction
Beyond his assertion that not all learning is equal, Gagné also
theorized an effective learning process consisting of nine separate and
distinct steps or events (see Figure 2). These events build naturally
upon each other and improve the communication supporting the
learning process. The events facilitate learner engagement as well as
retention of the content being presented. For an instructional
designer, they provide a framework or outline to structure the
delivery of instructional content.
Figure 2
Gagné’s Nine Events of Instruction
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