ISRRT_COVID-19_book

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COVID-19 Pandemic Preparedness: Roll up your sleeves and getting Ravi Chanthriga Eturajulu ready for the battle COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), was something that many did not “see it coming” and it continues to reshape the globe. A viral outbreak of this magnitude has never been seen before in the human history. Many of us, if not all, were caught off guard by the unseen adversaries. The first wave of the pandemic still lingers freshly in my mind, with the first case of COVID-19 reported on 25 January 2020 in Malaysia. Fast forward, on July 1, 2020, during the second wave of the pandemic, Malaysia recorded just one new COVID-19 case and no cases of infection. However, at the time of writing, Malaysia was facing its third wave with thousands of cases reported daily, 1 year after we successfully flattened the curve. The third wave began in September 2020, and it is still on-going with healthcare facing tougher tasks in managing the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the previous two waves. Our institution, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) is a teaching hospital, now designated as a COVID-19 response facility, with admissions increasing daily. During the wake of the global pandemic, in March 2020, as part of preparedness to look into new challenges and changes in the service delivery, a COVID-19 Task Force Committee (TFC) was formed in the Department of Biomedical Imaging, UMMC, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The TFC, together with the hospital COVID-19 Task Force Committee scrutinised and evaluated the new challenges to service delivery, planned meticulously and implemented new changes. The TFC also monitored and ensured that effective communication was undertaken through email, online meetings, social media apps such as WhatsApp and Telegrams and video conferencing services such as Zoom and Google Meet to all the personnel involved whilst at the same time working processes were streamlined. These strategies were then strengthened and improved from time to time according to the pandemic situation in the country. “Change is the only constant” – Heraclitus. The only certainty we have in life, according to Heraclitus, is that everything is continuously in motion and evolving. While change is constant, those who can adapt to changes will manage better outcomes. 77
As radiographers, we are one of the first lines of health professionals that require regular contact with suspected, probable, or confirmed COVID-19 patient presenting with respiratory symptoms requiring imaging. As such, radiographers are more predisposed to the COVID-19 virus. This has naturally heightened the radiographers’ fear and anxiety level and is more so with information and control strategies frequently evolving as new evidence becomes known on the virus. Role of medical imaging and services: breaking the boundaries Imaging plays a critical role in COVID-19 patient management. Imaging examinations, typically chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest are essential in assessing the severity and progression of COVID-19. When medical imaging is required, radiographers play a vital role in performing and producing optimum quality images to assist decision making in the clinical diagnosis, management, and treatment of COVID-19 patients. One of the most significant challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic was the high demand for imaging requests, particularly mobile radiography performed on the designated COVID-19 wards. Fortunately, the digital mobile radiography units available facilitated increased workflow efficiency, with increased patient throughput and streamlined mobile radiography operations throughout the hospital. Besides performing chest radiographs in the emergency departments and wards, we performed mobile radiography in the forensic department as well to those who were brought in deceased. In addition, there were marked increase in the requests of CT chest as well, thus warranting strict adherence to Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), such as appropriate use of personal protective equipment (PPE) with proper donning and doffing by radiographers and other multi-disciplinary staff to reduce risk the spread of the virus. As such, the TFC was in close communication and discussions with the hospital Infection Control Team (ICT) to determine the list of PPEs that should be worn with correct donning and doffing methods to reduce the potential risk exposures. Challenges and changes in medical imaging service delivery Radiographers play a major role in imaging service delivery. As such, they are not spared from facing the changes and challenges in battling the COVID-19 pandemic. In terms of preparedness to face the new situation, changes were implemented to existing work processes, including screening and scanning body temperature of each patient prior to the 78
Page 1 and 2:
Reflections on the COVID-19 pandemi
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Editors Peter Hogg Emeritus Profess
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As ISRRT President and on behalf of
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Lessons learned and personal experi
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Lessons learnt and personal experie
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adiographers start to identify less
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image having been already published
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6. If you have used any personal de
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Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on radi
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additional beds, in addition to dis
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Chest Computed Tomography Chest CT
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with COVID-19 patients means high r
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Researching in a pandemic - a non-s
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Clough, Sanders, 2021 Clinical A no
Page 29 and 30: Figure 1. Experimental set-up of th
Page 31 and 32: 13. Lewis, S. and F. Mulla, Diagnos
Page 33 and 34: The main topics of the focus group
Page 36: Figure 2: Mind map demonstrating ph
Page 40 and 41: The mind maps suggested 3 main topi
Page 42 and 43: Also: “I think they've done a goo
Page 44 and 45: (PPE) was common. Students noted a
Page 46 and 47: finding is also consistent with the
Page 48 and 49: References 1. Kolb D. Experiential
Page 50 and 51: 20. Office of the Independent Adjud
Page 52 and 53: affected physical meetings, trainin
Page 54 and 55: The implications The convenience of
Page 56 and 57: The final implication is the inabil
Page 58 and 59: 5. Verma, A., Verma, S., Garg, P. e
Page 60 and 61: ased on the practice and reflection
Page 62 and 63: INSTRUCTIONS: Quality Control Test
Page 64 and 65: Figure 3: Radiography bachelor’s
Page 66 and 67: adiologic technologists in our comm
Page 68 and 69: workers imaging and treating patien
Page 70 and 71: all the educational institutes, inc
Page 72 and 73: to continue their academic activiti
Page 74 and 75: dealing with the intricacies of suc
Page 76 and 77: Knowing what we know now, how might
Page 78 and 79: the virus if adequate steps are not
Page 82 and 83: imaging examinations or interventio
Page 84 and 85: Mobilisation of medical imaging per
Page 86 and 87: Radiographers preparing self-made f
Page 88 and 89: Reflections: Key learnings during p
Page 90 and 91: What’s next? A year and a half in
Page 92 and 93: Patient experience (a radiographer
Page 94 and 95: My relief and improvement were shor
Page 96 and 97: Hope Hafsa Tareq Momoniat Reminisci
Page 98 and 99: environment I was used to working i
Page 100 and 101: Today was the first time that I was
Page 102 and 103: Postscript After I agreed to write
Page 104 and 105: knowledge in the class. This strate
Page 106 and 107: clinical education for the medical
Page 108 and 109: Student experiences An undergraduat
Page 110 and 111: perspectives and shared best practi
Page 112 and 113: times. The only downside was that t
Page 114 and 115: pronounced restrictions and indicat
Page 116 and 117: Challenges experienced by lecturers
Page 118 and 119: data, they need to register their m
Page 120 and 121: The rise of the isolation society a
Page 122 and 123: Teaching during COVID-19 can be des
Page 124 and 125: queries and not communicating with
Page 126 and 127: also caused great concern. This led
Page 128 and 129: Staying‐home kids, tele‐educati
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and treatment of patients in most c
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9. World Health Organization. COVID
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across Ontario. When the first wave
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due primarily to the resurgence in
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other radiation therapy clinical si
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online or via pre-recorded videos.
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they were given appreciation gift p
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procedures that students could perf
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4. Yepes-Rios M, Dudek N, Duboyce R
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supported to ensure functionality w
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level therapist. The treatment plan
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used VERT for online before, facult
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How my professional role has change
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To add perspective, a 3 rd year stu
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was an intimidating process. This i
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Educator Perspectives on Delivery o
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Engaging Disengaged Learners Engage
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Final Thoughts Necessity is the mot
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Figure 1 Subheading: My first paint
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Figure 2 My interpretation of the h
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Figure 3. Variety of work taken fro
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Figure 5. COVID-19 chest cover of I
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adiograph and the virus SARS-CoV-2
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9. Christine A. Price, Women and re
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precise) and having a general chitc
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athroom to have a shower and wash m
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layer and layer of documentation, c
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Rationale Historically patients wit
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initiative there is current discuss
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The enabling factors which led to t
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and she agreed I could do it. Next,
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Award in 2021 - the highest number
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Shifting to online learning and stu
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also played a huge part in the educ
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session to say ‘good-bye’. This
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level playing field among students
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exposed as students had to search f
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Embarking on on-line teaching and l
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of examinations or procedures as li
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tremendously by having electronic c
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Challenges that impacted effective
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community of peer-to-peer learning
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Lessons learnt and personal experie
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A member states that the group admi
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One international member reports
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Radiography Education during the CO
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esearch has been undertaken to unde
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Author Biographies Azizah Mohamed A
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during the pandemic. We may have st
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John Mark De Vera Bachelor of Scien
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now I am based in Ireland teaching
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Professor Hesta Friedrich-Nel Maste
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Dr Mable Kekana Bachelor’s degree
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Kleanthis Konstantinidis Bachelor o
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Hafsa Tareq Momoniat Postgraduate C
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Leicestershire. I review for Radiog
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I have served as a previous preside
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Beth L. Weber Masters in Public Hea
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and am interested in investigating
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