atw - International Journal for Nuclear Power | 6.2023

atw Vol. 68 (2023) | Ausgabe 6 ı November
ENERGY POLICY, ECONOMY AND LAW 32
partnerships. The broadening of the network of partnerships
under PA 6.8 is one of the not-explicit goal
of that Article.
A final way of incorporating nuclear technology
under PA 6.8 is for development banks to fund the
deployment – maybe even the maintenance – of,
e.g., nuclear power plants in developing countries.
This is a special form of international cooperation.
The World Bank has the intention of transitioning to
a net zero economy by 2050, and the development
banks, a part of the WB system, have shown previous
interest in PA 6.8. The convergence of these factors,
and again, nuclear technology’s impact on sustainable
development and the eradication of poverty, can
make the case for this type of activity.
Conclusions
This paper discusses how to include nuclear technology
in the general framework of the Paris Agreement.
It explains a less evident but potentially interesting
path, one via the Agreement’s Article 6.8, which is
about non-market cooperation between agents.
PA 6.8 is uniquely suited to combine the several
goals of the Agreement with different activities undertaken
by Parties, non-Parties, as well as in Public
Private Partnerships. As a bottom-up approach, the
participating Parties decide alone on the criteria any
activity should fulfill. For this reason, PA 6.8 is more
flexible than the financial and technology mechanisms
under the Agreement.
[3] SCHNEIDER, H., BIGLER, H. U. Nuclear Energy in the Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. In Climate
Change and the Role of Nuclear Power. Proceedings of the International Conference on Climate
Change and the Role of Nuclear Power (2019).
[4] UNFCCC, Decision FCCC/CP/2015/10/Add.1 (Adoption of the Paris Agreement), Article 6.1
(2015).
[5] UNFCCC, Decision FCCC/CP/2015/10/Add.1 (Adoption of the Paris Agreement), Article 6.8 and
6.9 (2015).
[6] UNFCCC, Decision FCCC/PA/CMA/2022/10/Add.2 (2022).
[7] UNFCCC, Technical Paper PA/A6.8/TP/3 (2023).
[8] ROGELJ, J., D. SHINDELL, K. JIANG, S. FIFITA, P. FORSTER, V. GINZBURG, C. HANDA, H. KHESHGI,
S. KOBAYASHI, E. KRIEGLER, L. MUNDACA, R. SÉFÉRIAN, M.V. VILARIÑO, Mitigation Pathways
Compatible with 1.5°C in the Context of Sustainable Development. In: Global Warming of
1.5°C. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial
levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening
the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to
eradicate poverty IPCC (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, 2018, pp. 93-174.
[9] ANDERSON, R., Non-market mechanisms under article 6.8 of the Paris Agreement: a transnational
perspective, Transnational Legal Theory 13 2-3 (2022) 321-351.
[10] GILBERT, A. Q., BAZILIAN, M. D., Can distributed nuclear power address energy resilience and
energy poverty?, Joule 4 9 (2020) 1839-1843.
[11] MICHAELOWA, A., ESPELAGE, A., WEBER, A. K., KESSLER, J., HOCH, S., Development of guidance
for non-market approaches in the Paris Agreement: operationalizing Articles 6.8 and 6.9
of the Paris Agreement. Climate Change 42 (2021), 81.
Autor
Prof. Dr. Henrique Schneider
Deputy CEO of the Swiss Federation of Small and
Medium Sized Enterprises
h.schneider@sgv-usam.ch
Henrique Schneider is professor of economics at Nordakademie, university of
applied sciences, in Germany. Henrique has participated as a negotiator in
several climate summits and served as an advisory board member of the Climate
Technology Center and Network. He serves as a board member of the Swiss
Nuclear Forum.
PA 6.8 could, therefore, be leeway to “alternative,”
“fewer strings attached,” finance and technology
partnerships between countries and non-state
agents. Indeed, financing nuclear technology and/
or undertaking common research on this topic seems
the most likely case for deploying nuclear under
PA 6.8.
Acknowledgements
The author wishes to acknowledge and thank for
many contributions by his colleagues, especially
Lukas Aebi and Hansueli Bigler, both at the Nuclear
Forum in Switzerland, as well as by the Swiss negotiators
to the Convention, Franz Perrez and Simon
Fellermeyer.
This text was presented at the IAEA’s 2nd International
Conference on Climate Change and the Role
of Nuclear Power 2023.
References
[1] PARSONS, J., BUONGIORNO, J., CORRADINI, M., PETTI, D. A fresh look at nuclear energy.
Science 363 6423 (2019) 105-105.
[2] NCHNEIDER, H., AEBI, L., Paris, Technology, and Finance-Is There Room for Nuclear Technology?,
ATW 67 6 (2022) 29-33.
Energy Policy, Economy and Law
Nuclear Energy under Article 6.8 of the Paris Agreement ı Henrique Schneider