A Local-State Government Spatial Data Sharing Partnership

A Local-State Spatial Data Sharing Partnership Model to Facilitate SDI Development
agreement may be influenced by the size of the partnership, complexity, organisational
culture, level of organisational turbulence, maturity of partners, and the nature of the
product or service (Bergquist et al. 1995).
Partnership models can take a myriad of forms but can be broadly categorised into
government to government partnerships (G2G), government to business (G2B) and
business to business (B2B). Other partnership variations exist including government to
community or citizen (G2C) and linkages between the academic sector and the other
sectors, but these are not examined. Often initial partnerships may progress to more
formal legal entities such as alliances or joint ventures.
3.3.4 Government Partnerships
Public-Private Partnerships
G2B partnerships have become increasingly more common over the past two decades. The
recessions of the 1980s, and a more conservative approach to public policies, caused a
review of government strategies to investment in public infrastructure (Walzer & York
1998). Government service delivery has included some component of private sector
involvement in the form of contracting out service components, shared delivery or
outsourcing of activities (Webb & Pulle 2002).
Many of these have progressed to further private sector involvement including
corporatisation and full privatisation. Another model of G2B partnerships can be seen in
the public-private partnership (PPP) model. The National Council for Public-Private
Partnerships define a PPP as:
“a contractual agreement between a public agency (federal, state or local) and a private
sector entity. Through this agreement, the skills and assets of each sector (public and
private) are shared in delivering a service or facility for the use of the general public. In
addition to the sharing of resources, each party shares in the risks and rewards potential
in the delivery of the service and/or facility.” (National Council for Public Private
Partnerships 2005)
The underlying premise for the establishment of these partnerships is that private sector is
more efficient at building and running many traditional government services. These PPPs
generally have three basic ingredients, namely:
1. they are intended to be long term agreements which may include the design,
building and operation of infrastructure;
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