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MR. RYANI Mr. Schaffler, would <strong>you</strong> explain<br />

wh<strong>at</strong> <strong>you</strong> mean by a sweetheart contract?<br />

MR. SCHAFFLER: A sweetheart contract essen­<br />

tially is a contract which gives m<strong>or</strong>e rights, m<strong>or</strong>e<br />

power, if <strong>you</strong> will, to an employer than to a w<strong>or</strong>king<br />

person. In essence there is very little in the way of<br />

wage scale. There is very little in the way of fringe<br />

benefits accruing to the w<strong>or</strong>kers. There is very little<br />

in the way of any s<strong>or</strong>t of grievance procedure <strong>or</strong><br />

policies <strong>or</strong> anything of th<strong>at</strong> n<strong>at</strong>ure.<br />

HR. RYAN: Are there any differences in the<br />

viol<strong>at</strong>ions these independent c<strong>or</strong>rupt unions engage in<br />

and the viol<strong>at</strong>ions th<strong>at</strong> are traditionally aRsoci<strong>at</strong>ed<br />

with other <strong>or</strong>ganiZed crime domin<strong>at</strong>ed unions?<br />

HR. SCHAFFLER: Essentially, no. A viol<strong>at</strong>ion<br />

is a viol<strong>at</strong>ion. An embezzlement is an embezzlement.<br />

<strong>If</strong> <strong>you</strong> are in an AFL-CIO local and <strong>you</strong> embezzle<br />

it's no different than an independent. However, the<br />

independents <strong>have</strong> no -- there is no oversight over these<br />

independent unions. There is no intern<strong>at</strong>ional body th<strong>at</strong><br />

really looks down to check their activities. And as<br />

such, they tend to be m<strong>or</strong>e bl<strong>at</strong>ant when they do commit<br />

these vario<strong>us</strong> illegalities.<br />

MR. RYAN: Wh<strong>at</strong> is a desk drawer contract?<br />

.329

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