Sustaining the World's Large Marine Ecosystems

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given of the five module LME approach (productivity, fish and fisheries, pollution and ecosystem health, socioeconomics and governance) adopted in the Guinea Current LME (GCLME) Program that brings together 16 countries extending from Guinea Bissau southward to Angola on the West African coast. 124 (18 minutes) The GCLME is ranked among the most productive coastal and offshore waters in the world with rich fishery resources, an important reservoir of marine biological diversity of global significance, oil and gas reserves, precious minerals and a potential for tourism. Approximately 20% of Africa’s total population lives in the coastal areas of the GCLME, close to lagoons, estuaries, creeks and inshore waters. Their wellbeing and food security depends on the sustainable use of the goods and services of the ecosystem. Through the efforts of the Guinea Current Large Marine Ecosystem Program and the newly established Interim Guinea Current LME Commission, scientists, industry leaders and policy makers are working side by side to recover and sustain the Guinea Current LME. To obtain a copy of the DVD and supporting materials, please contact: NOAA Large Marine Ecosystem Program, 28 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA. Tel: +1 401 782-3211. FAX: +1 401 782-3201. Emails: Kenneth.Sherman@noaa.gov, MC.Aquarone@noaa.gov.
The UNEP LME Report (2008): Global Trends The 852 page UNEP Large Marine Ecosystem Report is the result of a collaborative effort with NOAA’s Large Marine Ecosystems Program and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) to provide a global view of baseline ecological conditions of the World’s LMEs. Each of the briefs is based on the five module LME assessment framework of i) productivity, ii) fish and fisheries, iii) pollution and ecosystem health, iv) socioeconomics, and v) governance. Time series trends are projected for LME: productivity (gCm -2 yr -1 ), ocean fronts, sea surface temperatures (SSTs), SST anomalies, annual fisheries biomass yields, values of catches, mean trophic levels, fisheries conditions relative to stock conditions, and the amount of primary productivity required to support the mean annual catch levels. In the opening chapter, the complementarity between UNEP’s Regional Seas activities and the GEF-supported Large Marine Ecosystem projects is described. The next three chapters provide a global perspective based on comparative LME trend analyses—for fish and fisheries by D. Pauly et al. (2008); for effects of global warming on fisheries biomass yields by Sherman et al. (2008); and for the growing problem of nutrient overenrichment from land-based sources by 125
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Sustaining the World’s Large Mari
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Preface This volume, Sustaining the
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describing practical applications o
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Contents Preface iii Contents vii G
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GEF Support for the Global Movement
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ozone depletion, and international
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These processes are critical for in
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(BCLME) project serves as a success
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Ultimately, each nation must find a
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freshwater basins to reverse natura
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Indicators of Changing States of La
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engaged in the preparation and impl
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levels below fish in the marine foo
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LME observations are integrated int
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Sea surface temperature: The Earth
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een applying ecosystem-based method
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Figure 14. Value of reported landin
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3) Pollution and Ecosystem Health M
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The Global Environment Facility (GE
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eing used to hindcast and forecast
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Using N yield (kg N per km 2 waters
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ecosystems (Galloway et al. 2004) w
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Somali Coastal Current Guinea Curre
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At the LME scale, Hoagland and Jin
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are all actively involved in reachi
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waste disposal, transportation, rec
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The paradigm shift toward ecosystem
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Hoagland P, Jin D. 2006. Accounting
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Trenberth KE, Jones PD, Ambenje P,
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Figure 1. The Benguela Currrent Lar
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The workshop used a logic framework
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The institutional arrangements outl
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The Benguela Current Commission sta
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November 2006. LMEs, GOOS, GEOSS an
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Benguela - Current of Plenty 2008 -
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estimated at 30 years. These featur
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Since the 1940s, the accelerated in
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Over the years the BSRP has produce
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and with the Swedish Meteorological
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Landings in Baltic Sea LME Figure 3
Page 82 and 83: has been instrumental in the prepar
Page 85 and 86: Changing States of the Yellow Sea L
Page 87 and 88: The Yellow Sea LME lies in the warm
Page 89 and 90: As a result, larger, higher trophic
Page 91 and 92: Figure 6. Serious eutrophication, h
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Page 97 and 98: Some Considerations of Fisheries Ma
Page 99 and 100: already happened. Moreover, most fi
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Page 103 and 104: (i) IMTA of abalone and kelp Figure
Page 105 and 106: The purpose of this activity is to
Page 107 and 108: UNDP/GEF (2007a) Transboundary diag
Page 109 and 110: The IUCN Support of Marine Protecte
Page 111 and 112: potential of coastal and marine fis
Page 113 and 114: activities to support local uses of
Page 115 and 116: The percentage of protection is sti
Page 117 and 118: women, were further key aspects of
Page 119 and 120: Future Needs of the LME Approach Wo
Page 121 and 122: those goals in mind, BCLME became a
Page 123 and 124: 2007 was a step in that direction.
Page 125 and 126: Outreach and Education for Ecosyste
Page 127 and 128: A second phase, from the mid 1990s
Page 129 and 130: acidification and nutrient over-enr
Page 131: Tide” that surprised me is that i
Page 135 and 136: Sherman K, Hempel G, editors. 2008.
Page 137 and 138: ANNEX 1986 Vol. 1 1989 Vol. 2 Publi
Page 139 and 140: 1991 Vol. 4 1993 Vol. 5 Sherman, K.
Page 141 and 142: of the United States H. A. Walker K
Page 143 and 144: 25. Summary and recommendations E.
Page 145 and 146: Part IV. Assessment of ecologic str
Page 147 and 148: 2003 Vol. 12 dynamics 8. Physico-ch
Page 149 and 150: 14. Applications of the large marin
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