Sustaining the World's Large Marine Ecosystems

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134 2. Trawl survey strategies and applications for assessing the changing state of fish communities in large marine ecosystems M. J. Ntiba 3. Strategy and application for sampling large marine ecosystems with the R. Williams and J. A. continuous plankton recorder and undulating oceanographic recorder/ aquashuttle Lindley 4. An overview of the status of marine pollution in the East African region C. M. Nguta 5. Application of the large marine ecosystem concept to the Somali Current E. N. Okemwa Part II. Pelagic ecosystems 6. Coastal upwelling and other processes regulating ecosystem productivity and A. Bakun, C. Roy, and S. fish production in the western Indian Ocean Lluch-Cota 7. Seasonal fluctuations in plankton biomass and productivity in the ecosystems M. A. Baars, of the Somali Current, Gulf of Aden, and southern Red Sea P. H. Schalk, and M. J.W. Veldhuis 8. Role of oceanic fronts in promoting productivity in the southern Indian Ocean H. B. Menon 9. Mean monthly sea-level variation and its relation to large-scale ocean S. Ragoonaden circulation in the southwest Indian Ocean 10. Spiny lobsters in the Indian Ocean: Speciation in relation to oceanographic D. E. Pollock ecosystems 11. Spatial-temporal structure of Indian Ocean ecosystems: A large-scale S. A. Piontkovski approach Part III. Case studies 12. The role of estuaries in large marine ecosystems: Examples from the Natal J. A. G. Cooper, Coast, South Africa T. D. Harrison, and A. E. L. Ramm C. A. Muhando and 13. Fisheries resources of Zanzibar: Problems and recommendations N. S. Jiddawi 14. The Agulhas Current ecosystem with particular reference to dispersal of fish L. E. Beckley larvae 15. The Red Sea as an extension of the Indian Ocean A. Getahun 16. Status and future of the St. Lucia Lake system, a large estuary of the A. T. Forbes and southwestern Indian Ocean D. P. Cyrus B. N. Desai and 17. Biologic production and fishery potential of the exclusive economic zone of R. M. S. Bhargava India Part IV. Management and governance 18. Implications of Agenda 21 of the United Nations Conference on Environment G. M. Mailu and Development on Marine Resources in East Africa with particular reference to Kenya and Tanzania 19. Somali Current large marine ecosystem and related issues L. M. Alexander 20. Legal constraints and options for total ecosystem management of large marine E. Somers ecosystems 21. Application of integrated environmental management toward solving the P. A. Raal and L. Barwell problems affecting the Tana River Delta and its linkage with the Somali Current ecosystem 22. Marine conservation areas in Kenya S. D. M. Weru 23. Indian Ocean large marine ecosystems: Need for national and regional S. N. Dwivedi and framework for conservation and sustainable development A. K. Choubey H. b. A. Ahmad, L. Ahmed, 24. Regional stewardship for sustainable marine resources management in the A. Atapattu, Bay of Bengal S. Chullasorn, Y. P. Lui, M. H. Maniku, D. J. Nickerson, J. Pimoljinda, T. H. Purwaka, S. Saeed, E. Soetopo, Suseno, and Y.S. Yadava
25. Summary and recommendations E. N. Okemwa, M. J. Ntiba, and K. Sherman 1999 Sherman, K. and Qisheng Tang, eds. Large Marine Ecosystems of the Pacific Vol. 8 Rim: Assessment, Sustainability, and Management. Blackwell Science. Cambridge, Massachusetts. 465p. Part I. Regime shifts 1. A dynamic scenario for simultaneous regime-scale marine population shifts in widely separated large marine ecosystems of the Pacific A. Bakun 2. Large-scale climate-related changes in the carrying capacity of salmon in the R. J. Beamish and C-E. M. Strait of Georgia and northern North Pacific ecosystems Neville 3. The interdecadal climatic change signal in the temperate large marine ecosystems of the Pacific Daniel Lluch-Belda 4. Long-term variations in pelagic communities in the large marine ecosystems of V.P. Shuntov, E.P. the northwest Pacific Ocean Dulepova, and V.V. Lapko Long-term change in the north Pacific Ocean: A consideration of some important issues T. L. Hayward Plankton patterns, climate, and change in the California Current J. A. McGowan, D. B. Chelton, and A. Conversi Interannual variations in zooplankton biomass in the Gulf of Alaska, and R. D. Brodeur, B. W. covariation with California Current zooplankton biomass Part II. Case Studies Frost, S. R. Hare, R. C. Francis, and W. J. Ingraham Jr. 5. Eastern Bering Sea ecosystem trends P. A. Livingston, L-L Low, R. J. Marasco 6. Living marine resources of the Yellow Sea ecosystem in Korean waters: Status and perspectives C. I. Zhang and S. Kim 7. Ecology and variability of economically important pelagic fishes in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea Q. Tang and X. Jin 8. The Sea of Japan large marine ecosystem M. Terazaki 9. Changes in the biomass of the East China Sea ecosystem Y-Q.Chen and X-Q. Shen 10. Changing state and health of the Gulf of Thailand large marine ecosystem T. Piyakarnchana 11. Effects of physical and biological changes on the biomass yield of the Humboldt Current ecosystem J. Alheit and P. Bernal 12. The Pacific Central American Coastal LME Part III. Methodological studies A. Bakun, J. Csirke, D. Lluch-Belda, R. Steer-Ruiz 13. Differences between boreal and temperate multispecies fisheries systems: Form and implications for multispecies assessment and management J. Rice 14. The significance and prediction of predation in marine fisheries N. J. Bax 15. Acoustic assessment as an available technique for monitoring the living Q. Tang, X. Zhao, and X. resources of large marine ecosystems Jin 16. Shoal structure of commercially important pelagic fish in relation to the V. Arenas and C. dynamics of upwelling marine ecosystems Robinson 17. Measurements of the upper ocean structure using towed profiling systems J. Aiken, R. Pollard, R. Williams, G. Griffiths and I. Bellan 18. High-resolution biogeochemical monitoring for assessing environmental and A. Harashima, ecological changes in the marginal seas using ferry boats Part IV. Indicators of ecosystem health R. Tsuda, Y. Tanaka, T. Kimoto, and T. Hagiwara 19. Nutrients in the Bohai Sea Y. Cui and Y. Song 20. Ecological carrying capacity of semi-enclosed large marine ecosystems S. M. Konovalov 21. Alteration of fatty acid composition of coastal diatoms under cadmium stress J. S. Yang and W. Yih S. W. Bonga, R. Lock, Li 22. Gills and skin as bioindicators of water pollution in fish from freshwater and a Jie, marine habitat C. Minshan, C. Bijuan, D. 135
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Sustaining the World’s Large Mari
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Preface This volume, Sustaining the
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describing practical applications o
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Contents Preface iii Contents vii G
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GEF Support for the Global Movement
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ozone depletion, and international
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These processes are critical for in
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(BCLME) project serves as a success
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Ultimately, each nation must find a
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freshwater basins to reverse natura
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Indicators of Changing States of La
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engaged in the preparation and impl
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levels below fish in the marine foo
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LME observations are integrated int
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Sea surface temperature: The Earth
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een applying ecosystem-based method
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Figure 14. Value of reported landin
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3) Pollution and Ecosystem Health M
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The Global Environment Facility (GE
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eing used to hindcast and forecast
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Using N yield (kg N per km 2 waters
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ecosystems (Galloway et al. 2004) w
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Somali Coastal Current Guinea Curre
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At the LME scale, Hoagland and Jin
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are all actively involved in reachi
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waste disposal, transportation, rec
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The paradigm shift toward ecosystem
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Hoagland P, Jin D. 2006. Accounting
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Trenberth KE, Jones PD, Ambenje P,
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Figure 1. The Benguela Currrent Lar
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The workshop used a logic framework
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The institutional arrangements outl
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The Benguela Current Commission sta
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November 2006. LMEs, GOOS, GEOSS an
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Benguela - Current of Plenty 2008 -
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estimated at 30 years. These featur
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Since the 1940s, the accelerated in
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Over the years the BSRP has produce
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and with the Swedish Meteorological
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Landings in Baltic Sea LME Figure 3
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has been instrumental in the prepar
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Changing States of the Yellow Sea L
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The Yellow Sea LME lies in the warm
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As a result, larger, higher trophic
Page 91 and 92: Figure 6. Serious eutrophication, h
Page 93 and 94: competitive species uses the surplu
Page 95 and 96: system based on sustainable food pr
Page 97 and 98: Some Considerations of Fisheries Ma
Page 99 and 100: already happened. Moreover, most fi
Page 101 and 102: important scientific information to
Page 103 and 104: (i) IMTA of abalone and kelp Figure
Page 105 and 106: The purpose of this activity is to
Page 107 and 108: UNDP/GEF (2007a) Transboundary diag
Page 109 and 110: The IUCN Support of Marine Protecte
Page 111 and 112: potential of coastal and marine fis
Page 113 and 114: activities to support local uses of
Page 115 and 116: The percentage of protection is sti
Page 117 and 118: women, were further key aspects of
Page 119 and 120: Future Needs of the LME Approach Wo
Page 121 and 122: those goals in mind, BCLME became a
Page 123 and 124: 2007 was a step in that direction.
Page 125 and 126: Outreach and Education for Ecosyste
Page 127 and 128: A second phase, from the mid 1990s
Page 129 and 130: acidification and nutrient over-enr
Page 131 and 132: Tide” that surprised me is that i
Page 133 and 134: The UNEP LME Report (2008): Global
Page 135 and 136: Sherman K, Hempel G, editors. 2008.
Page 137 and 138: ANNEX 1986 Vol. 1 1989 Vol. 2 Publi
Page 139 and 140: 1991 Vol. 4 1993 Vol. 5 Sherman, K.
Page 141: of the United States H. A. Walker K
Page 145 and 146: Part IV. Assessment of ecologic str
Page 147 and 148: 2003 Vol. 12 dynamics 8. Physico-ch
Page 149 and 150: 14. Applications of the large marin
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