Preliminary-Blueprint-Eng
Preliminary-Blueprint-Eng
Preliminary-Blueprint-Eng
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EXHIBIT 3-3<br />
Educational attainment of population aged 15 and above (1950-2010)<br />
Percent of population<br />
6<br />
33<br />
60<br />
1<br />
1950<br />
7<br />
35<br />
56<br />
1<br />
1955<br />
2<br />
10<br />
38<br />
50<br />
1960<br />
2<br />
13<br />
SOURCE: Barro and Lee, 2010 (Eurostat, UN)<br />
All of this improvement has been driven by the government’s increased<br />
commitment to financially supporting the development and growth<br />
of all school communities. Since 1981, the Ministry has supported<br />
the development of schools around Malaysia at the rate of 1% each<br />
year, dramatically increasing student access to education. This means<br />
that there were 2,000 more schools in 2010 than there were in 1980.<br />
Similarly, the Ministry has put hundreds of millions of ringgit towards<br />
programmes specifically designed to help economically disadvantaged<br />
students. These programmes include initiatives to provide for students’<br />
nutritional needs such as the Supplementary Food Programme or<br />
Rancangan Makanan Tambahan (RMT), and to reduce the financial<br />
burden of schooling on parents, for example through the KWAPM.<br />
The Ministry also has programmes for students with special needs and<br />
dedicated Orang Asli and Penan primary schools.<br />
41<br />
44<br />
1965<br />
2<br />
19<br />
43<br />
37<br />
1970<br />
2<br />
24<br />
41<br />
32<br />
1975<br />
Tertiary<br />
3<br />
31<br />
38<br />
28<br />
1980<br />
6 8 9 10 13 15<br />
39 39<br />
33<br />
21<br />
1985<br />
Secondary<br />
39<br />
15<br />
1990<br />
51<br />
26<br />
13<br />
1995<br />
Primary<br />
Malaysia Education <strong>Blueprint</strong> 2013 - 2025<br />
Chapter 3 Current Performance<br />
While access to basic education is strong, the 2011 UNESCO review<br />
on Malaysian education policy highlighted a concern that primary<br />
education enrolment has not continued to grow, in contrast with the<br />
most developed countries in the region such as South Korea and Japan<br />
which have participation rates of close to 100%. The UNESCO review<br />
also noted that upper secondary participation rates, while showing a<br />
big improvement from several decades past, remain lower than that of<br />
developed regional peers like Japan and South Korea, where enrolment<br />
consistently exceeds 90%. As the system has capacity to accommodate<br />
universal access, more effort needs to be made to enroll the 5-10%<br />
hardest-to-reach population of children.<br />
56<br />
22<br />
12<br />
2000<br />
No Schooling<br />
59<br />
18<br />
10<br />
2005<br />
61<br />
15<br />
9<br />
2010<br />
3-4
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