12.07.2015 Views

2008 Vol. 2 Num. 1 - GCG: Revista de Globalización, Competitividad ...

2008 Vol. 2 Num. 1 - GCG: Revista de Globalización, Competitividad ...

2008 Vol. 2 Num. 1 - GCG: Revista de Globalización, Competitividad ...

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

40authorHilda Ochoa-Brillembourg1Strategic InvestmentGroup, Presi<strong>de</strong>ntand CEO.hochoa@strategicgroup.comAddressing New Global Gaps:Re-Inventing the InternationalFinancial InstitutionsAREA: 2TYPE: TheoryCómo afrontar los nuevos vacíos globales: Reinvención <strong>de</strong> las instituciones financierasinternacionalesEncarar as novas lacunas globais: Reinventar as instituições financeiras internacionaisIn this paper we discuss the critical role of International Financial Institutions (e.g., WorldBank, the International Monetary Fund, Inter-American Development Bank) in light of thesubstantive policy and market gaps that if properly addresses would help reduce the growingincome disparities and uneven access to capital markets of the world’s poorest such as: access tohome ownership, to growing labor markets, to credit markets by <strong>de</strong>serving NGOs and to criticalinformation by major policy makers. These institutions need to separate financial intermediationfunctions from research activities to allow more efficient management of their funding sourcesand operational objectives. Five specific recommendations are offered.1. Corresponding author:1001 NineteenthStreet North, 16thFloorArlington, VA 22209(USA)En este artículo se discute sobre el papel crucial que <strong>de</strong>sempeñan las instituciones financieras internacionales (a saber,el Banco Mundial, el Fondo Monetario Internacional, el Banco Interamericano <strong>de</strong> Desarrollo) a la luz <strong>de</strong>l gran vacíolegal y mercantil que, bien gestionado, podría ayudar a reducir las crecientes diferencias <strong>de</strong> ingresos y favorecer el acceso<strong>de</strong> los países más pobres <strong>de</strong>l mundo a los mercados más importantes, por ejemplo, mediante el acceso a una casa en propiedad,a mercados laborales en crecimiento, a mercados <strong>de</strong> crédito por parte <strong>de</strong> ONG que lo merezcan y a informacióncrítica <strong>de</strong> los gran<strong>de</strong>s legisladores. Estas instituciones necesitan separar las funciones <strong>de</strong> intermediación financiera <strong>de</strong>las activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> investigación para permitir un gasto más eficiente <strong>de</strong> sus fuentes <strong>de</strong> financiación y objetivos operacionales.Se ofrecen cinco recomendaciones concretas.Discutimos neste artigo o papel <strong>de</strong>cisivo das Instituições Financeiras Internacionais (p. ex., Banco Mundial, FundoMonetário Internacional, Banco Inter-Americano para o Desenvolvimento) à luz das lacunas política e <strong>de</strong> mercadosubstantivas que, se convenientemente encaradas, contribuiriam para reduzir as disparida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> rendimento e as<strong>de</strong>sigualda<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> acesso aos mercados <strong>de</strong> capitais dos mais pobres do mundo, tais como: acesso à proprieda<strong>de</strong> da casa,a mercados laborais em crescimento, a mercados <strong>de</strong> crédito por parte <strong>de</strong> ONGs meritórias e a informação crítica pelosgran<strong>de</strong>s legisladores. Estas instituições precisam <strong>de</strong> separar as funções <strong>de</strong> intermediação financeira das activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>investigação a fim <strong>de</strong> permitir uma gestão mais eficiente das suas fontes <strong>de</strong> financiamento e objectivos operacionais. Sãoapresentadas cinco recomendações específicas.1. The Role of International Financial InstitutionsDOI10.3232/<strong>GCG</strong>.<strong>2008</strong>.V2.N1.03The 20th century was notable for its scientific breakthroughs in the social sciences. Economictheory evolved to a much better un<strong>de</strong>rstanding of the relationship between monetary,tra<strong>de</strong> and fiscal policies and the real economy. The laws of comparative advantagein the alignment of global competitiveness gave way to a more nuanced un<strong>de</strong>rstandingof relative advantages created by allowing prices to fluctuate and the means of production–capital and labor, to move with global supply and <strong>de</strong>mand. Through failed social<strong>GCG</strong> GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY - UNIVERSIA <strong>2008</strong> VOL. 2 NUM. 1 ISSN: 1988-7116

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!