Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Montpellier ... - CIAM

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- 46 -
Partie II : Identifier les cycles biologiques de ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’ et de son vecteur Cacopsylla pruni – du terrain au laboratoire et vice versa - 47 - « Rassemblons des faits pour nous donner des idées » (Buffon)
Page 1 and 2: Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronom
Page 3 and 4: Glossaire A leur première occurren
Page 5 and 6: C. Conclusions sur l’étude des v
Page 7 and 8: Introduction - 7 - « Deux grands m
Page 9 and 10: l’intensification permanente de l
Page 11 and 12: Ceci nous amène aux enjeux liés
Page 13 and 14: (b) Coût de la lutte contre l’ES
Page 15 and 16: Royaume- Uni Espagne Allemagne Belg
Page 17 and 18: 1992) ; par contre, le cerisier dou
Page 19 and 20: 6) Vection Le vecteur de l’ESFY (
Page 21 and 22: (b) Caractéristiques de la vection
Page 23 and 24: Conifères ? Rétention du phytopla
Page 25 and 26: Partie I : Identifier des facteurs
Page 27 and 28: Identifying Risk Factors from a Sur
Page 29 and 30: MATERIALS AND METHODS Data Record a
Page 31 and 32: visual inspection of their spatial
Page 33 and 34: Influence of the Risk Factors. The
Page 35 and 36: Model Application This kind of mode
Page 37 and 38: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are much indebt
Page 39 and 40: 42. Seemüller, E., and Schneider,
Page 41 and 42: TABLE 5: Analysis of deviance for e
Page 43 and 44: Fig. 2. Examination of the model fi
Page 45: II. Bilan Au-delà des effets évid
Page 49 and 50: A toolbox for the specific detectio
Page 51 and 52: Bordeaux). Plant samples were also
Page 53 and 54: cycles). The analyses were performe
Page 55 and 56: The above semi-quantification relie
Page 57 and 58: Table 1. Sequence of the primers an
Page 59 and 60: ESFY G1R (X) ESFY G2 (X) AP15R (X)
Page 61 and 62: Survival of European Stone Fruit Ye
Page 63 and 64: C. pruni Reimmigrants The percentag
Page 65 and 66: Table 1. Detection of ESFY from C.
Page 67 and 68: Si l’expérience est répétée d
Page 69 and 70: Il y a cependant deux réserves à
Page 71 and 72: The spread of European stone fruit
Page 73 and 74: inside the cage. The cages were rem
Page 75 and 76: Quantification of ‘Ca. P. prunoru
Page 77 and 78: prunorum’: the infectious reimmig
Page 79 and 80: Table 2. Occurrence of Cacopsylla p
Page 81 and 82: Number of C. pruni on P. spinos 40
Page 83 and 84: V. Bilan sur le fonctionnement de l
Page 85 and 86: Partie III : Tester des hypothèses
Page 87 and 88: émergents migrent dans des massifs
Page 89 and 90: identique à Qc(d) sauf qu’elle e
Page 91 and 92: MATERIALS AND METHODS Characteristi
Page 93 and 94: allows summarising in one graph (i)
Page 95 and 96: (A) (B) Fig. 1. Summary of the spat
Page 97 and 98:
Investigating Disease Spread betwee
Page 99 and 100:
when some plants may be missing for
Page 101 and 102:
the graphical display by an appropr
Page 103 and 104:
shows that the proportion of missin
Page 105 and 106:
the approach developed by Pélissie
Page 107 and 108:
APPENDIX Test 2. This section corre
Page 109 and 110:
several types of points. J. R. Stat
Page 111 and 112:
TABLE 4. Type I error and power of
Page 113 and 114:
Fig. 2. Spatiotemporal pattern of d
Page 115 and 116:
IV. Application à l’analyse de c
Page 117 and 118:
Verger D1-4 Verger BH1 Verger BH2 V
Page 119 and 120:
annuelle (Figure 1 de l’Article V
Page 121 and 122:
consiste à disposer de vergers à
Page 123 and 124:
Partie IV : Synthétiser l’inform
Page 125 and 126:
Tableau 6. Propriétés biologiques
Page 127 and 128:
Conclusion - 127 - « Il importe de
Page 129 and 130:
fonctionnement du système épidém
Page 131 and 132:
Tableau 7. Avantages et inconvénie
Page 133 and 134:
malades correspondrait alors unique
Page 135 and 136:
Expérimentations expérimentales S
Page 137 and 138:
Références bibliographiques - 137
Page 139 and 140:
30. Chabrolin C. (1924) Quelques ma
Page 141 and 142:
86. Institute of Medicine (1992) Em
Page 143 and 144:
138. Morvan G. (1977) Apricot chlor
Page 145 and 146:
190. Torres E., Martin M. P., Paltr
Page 147 and 148:
Annexes - 147 -
Page 149 and 150:
if (estim!=1) W2.99) text(B2,0,past
Page 151 and 152:
if ((sum(Do[1:4])!=0)&(sum(do1D)==0
Page 153 and 154:
III. Annexe 3 : Programme R pour si
Page 155 and 156:
IV. Annexe 4 : “Testing Boolean A
Page 157 and 158:
Testing boolean assumption in the n
Page 159 and 160:
ehavior, which is difficult to obse
Page 161 and 162:
distributed. So, the length distrib
Page 163 and 164:
ule which transforms the tangent po
Page 165 and 166:
large void segments will clearly ap
Page 167 and 168:
together with local measurements at
Page 169 and 170:
Kamphorst E.C. , Chadøeuf J. , Jet
Page 171 and 172:
c.d.f 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0 1 2
Page 173 and 174:
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4
Page 175 and 176:
c.d.f. c.d.f. c.d.f. 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.
Page 177:
RESUME Les maladies (ré-)émergent
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