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Jurnal FWI

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Wacana Indonesia<br />

Volume 1, Nomor 1, Desember Tahun 2009 (57‐66)<br />

PROSES PEMBENTUKAN MODAL EKONOMI SOSIAL BUDAYA<br />

PENGUSAHA BATIK DI SURAKARTA<br />

Mahendra Wijaya<br />

Jurusan Sosiologi FISIP UNS<br />

mahendrawijaya_uns@yahoo.co.id<br />

Abstract<br />

The goal of this research is to understand the process of the economy social<br />

culture formation of batik industrialist. The research method is naturalistic<br />

inquiry. The batik craffman (pengrajin pembatik) and trades women (bakul<br />

batik) is interrelated with the structue of nuclear family. Parent give a<br />

knowledge and skill of batik work or batik trading (culture capital) to their<br />

childs since underage. The parent motivated their teenagers for work in<br />

batik (economy capital). Batik craffman need capital and fine works by<br />

relationship with supervisor who works on supervisor (social capital)<br />

The process of economy social culture capital formation of owner (juragan)<br />

and big trades (saudagar) is interrelation with the extended family<br />

structure.. Economic capital such is business and money, social capital such<br />

as social netwoking and the culture capital such knowledge skill exercion<br />

formed and grow up on a extended family as generation to generation.<br />

Kata Kunci: economy capital, social capital , cultural capital and capital<br />

formation.<br />

PENDAHULUAN<br />

Keberadaan batik tulis dengan corak atau pola batik Surakarta berasal dari<br />

Karaton Surakarta (Doellah, 2002: 10). Pakoe Boewono III membuat busana dengan gaya<br />

batik Surakarta baik corak atau pola, warna maupun makna pemakaiannya. Pada awal<br />

abad ke 20, di bawah hegemoni budaya Karaton Kasunanan Surakarta telah berkembang<br />

produsen sekaligus pedagang batik pribumi yang dikenal istilah lokal dengan sebutan<br />

juragan Mbok Mase. Ia dikenal sebagai orang yang bekerja keras, disiplin,ulet, tidak gila<br />

hormat tapi hemat, tidak mau kompromi, menabung dan tidak berfoya-foya (Soedarmono,<br />

1987: 119). Pada tahun 1912 berdiri assosiasi dagang produsen dan pedagang batik<br />

pribumi muslim pertama Sarekat Dagang Islam (SDI) Keberadaan assosiasi dagang itu<br />

meningkatkan jaringan organisasi produksi dan perdagangan batik meluas dari<br />

Laweyan sampai ke pelosok kota-kota besar di Indonesia.<br />

57

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