Etheses - Saurashtra University

A≈_p ”Z `y”p° _p_∆, chp_ A_° d°fpdZ_° dp°L$Îep l[p. [°dp¨\u d°fpdZ M|b Q[yf A_°bplp°i l[p°. [° d°Í$ Mhpk L°$ d°Í$ A≈Zu (A≈_p° `y”) [fuL°$ ‚rk›^ \ep° l[p°. [°_p¨ g¡_≈d_Nf_p ‚°dp Mhpk_u `y”u kp\° \ep¨ l[p¨. d°Í$_p° kkfp°, ‚°dp Mhpk ≈d fpS>hu_p° lSy>qfep°l[p°. [° h©Ÿ \ep° lp°hp\u [°Z° `p°[p_u S>¡ep_° d°Í$_° [° ı\p_ A`pÏeÿ l[y¨. (26) gpMp∆ `R>u bpmfpS>hu S>ip°∆ (1768-1814) Np]$uA° ApÏep. [°_° [p° d°Í$A° L°$]$u S>°hu sı\r[dp¨ S> fpøepl[p. Apd fpS>dp[p A_° fpS>hu k—plu_ l[p. kpQu k[p d°Í$ Mhpk_p lp\dp¨ l[u. [° ]$uhp_lp°hp R>[p¨ fpS>hu [fuL°$_u gNcN b^u S> k[p [° S> cp°Nh[p° l[p°. d°Í$ Mhpk° ≈d S>ip°∆ `pk°B.k. 1797 dp¨ ≈°qX$ep, bpg¨cp, ApdfZ, `fNZp h¨i`f¨`fpN[ ≈Nuf [fuL°$ gMphu gu^pl[p. A¨[° B.k. 1800 dp¨ d°Í$ Mhpk Ahkp_ `pÁep° l[p°. d°Í$ Mhpk_p Ahkp_ `R>u ≈dS>ip°∆A° fOy_p\∆_° ]$uhp_ b_pÏep. `f¨[y fOy_p\∆ B.k. 1801 dp¨ S|>_pNY$ S>[p f¸p 19du k]$u_p `yhpÆ^\u cpZ∆ dl°[p, dp°[ufpd ipdm∆ byQ, S>N∆h_ ]°$h∆ dl°[p, ]$uhp_dp°[ufpd dl°[p, fpOh∆ S>°W$pZu S>°hp ]$uhp_p°_p° _pd ‚p· \pe R>°. `f¨[y [°d_u L$pdNufu_urhN[p° dm[u _\u. ≈drhcp∆ (1852-1903) _p ipk_L$pmdp¨ ‚\d ]$uhp_ [fuL°$_pfpeZfph MpfL$f l[p. B.k. 1880 dp¨ ]$uhp_ kpl°b dpV°$ ≈d_Nfdp¨ ]$uhp_ b¨Ngp°b¨^phpep° l[p°. B.k. 1880 \u du. dN_gpg bp`ycpB ≈d_Nf fpƒe_p ]$uhp_ bfiep [°Ap°B.k. 1896 ky^u ]$uhp_`]°$ f¸p l[p. B.k. 1895 dp¨ ≈drhcp∆_y¨ Ahkp_ \[pS>ih¨[tkl∆ Np]$u D`f ApÏep. [° kNuf lp°hp\u B.k. 1903 ky^u ≈d_Nf_p° hluhV$ rb∞qV$iA°X$du_uıV≤°$i_ [m° \ep°. B.k. 1906 dp¨ S>ih¨[tkl∆ r_k¨[p_ d©–ey `pd[p fZ∆[tkl∆Np]$u D`f ApÏep. (27) fZ∆[tkl∆_p (B.k. 1907 \u B.k. 1933) ipk_L$pm ]$fÁep_Aph°gp `pfku ]$uhp_ d°fhp_∆ `°ı[_∆ bu.A°.A°g.A°g.bu., l[p. [°Ap° 16 du a°b∞yApfu,1904 \u 30 du A°r‚g, 1920 ky^u ≈d_Nf fpƒe_p ]$uhp_ fl°hp `pÁep l[p. afu [°Ap°B.k. 1933 \u fpƒe_p ]$uhp_`]°$ _udpep l[p A_° B.k. 1948 ky^u [° lp°ÿp D`f f¸p l[p.Apd [°Ap°A° ≈d_Nf fpƒedp¨ gNcN Qpf ]$peL$p\u ‚≈ [\p fp≈ b¨_°_ÿ L$ÎepZ \ep [°fu[_p° fiepe`|ZÆ hluhV$ Qgphu gp°L$Qpl_p d°mhu l[u. (28) fpS>L$p°V$ fpƒe_u ]$uhp_ `f¨`fp :fpS>L$p°V$ fpƒe _p_y¨ lp°hp R>[p¨ dl“h_y¨ l[y¨. [°\u [°_p ]$uhp_p°_u L$pdNufu_p° AÊepkA–e¨[ dl“h_p° NZphu iL$pe. fpS>L$p°V$ fpƒe_u ı\p`_p [p° k—fdu k]$u_p ‚pf¨c° \B l[u.42