STREET ARTISTS IN EUROPE - Fondazione Fitzcarraldo

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17 Street Artists in Europe performing rights, reviews the principal characteristics in several European countries such as Denmark, Germany, Italy, Netherlands and the United Kingdom as well as the United States. 2.5.2. The creation of a nomadic school In France, the FAI AR (Advanced Itinerant Learning Programme for Street Arts) is based on the principle of the nomadic school and exists thanks to privileged partnerships with venues and production centres in France and elsewhere in Europe. This training (18 months, no age limits and free) aims to consider the main resources favourable to artistic creation in public areas. This training bases its pedagogical construction on meeting active artists and companies, on multidisciplinary and professional artistic openness (philosophers, town planners, etc.). This training revolves around three main axes: the collective fundamentals, the individual adventures and a personal artistic project. 2.6. Conclusions and problems raised Like most artists, street artists suffer from irregular and unpredictable incomes and their unremunerated work when devoted to research and development. Moreover, the fact of producing prototypical works also results in questions about social security and taxation that legal structures generally ignore. The development of training, as the establishment of the FAI AR to support their transmission of knowledge, which is real in the companies but primarily informal, could help to enhance the sector. The structuring of the profession through federations and networks on a European scale attests to the real maturing of street artists, permitting greater collaboration between artists and better representation in terms of public authorities. As was pointed out in the Study on impediments to mobility in the European Union live performance sector 30 by Pearle*, mobility in the European Union requires live performance organisations to have ‘a sound knowledge of the legislation and regulations of more than one European Union country’, especially concerning visas and work, social security regulations, taxation and in particular bilateral agreements on double taxation and national rules on withholding taxes and value-added tax (VAT) 31 . Also the employment status of the performers has a huge influence on the general situation of the workers; live performance workers in fact often have several working statuses at the same time, in particular in a context of mobility. Each area seems to be affected by the same problems: European Union and national regulations are too different and ill-adapted; national administrative procedures are complex, time-consuming, incoherent and expensive; information about applicable regulations and procedures is insufficient; financing and funding are problematic. The administrative workload required avoiding double taxation and excessive taxation clearly discourages artists and companies from being mobile or from hosting mobile organisations. Festivals therefore often have to hire professionals who deal with this issue, thus adding other 30 Poláček, R., Study on impediments to mobility in the European Union live performance sector, Pearle*, January 2007. 31 For a survey of problems, different taxation systems in Europe and useful resources to keep up-to-date, see also Tax and social security. A basic guide for artists and cultural operators in Europe, by Judith Staines, IETM, March 2004. PE 375.307
Street Artists in Europe expenses to the budget. The general feeling of the professionals in the live performance sector is that ‘the most mobile sector in the European Union is discriminated against when providing services in other European Union countries due to specific tax legislation which does not exist for any other “mobile” economic sector in the European Union’ 32 . 32 Poláček, R., Study on impediments, op. cit. 18 PE 375.307
Page 1 and 2: Policy Department Structural and Co
Page 3 and 4: This study was requested by the Eur
Page 6 and 7: Content Executive Summary iii Stree
Page 8 and 9: Street Artists in Europe recognize
Page 10 and 11: Street Artists in Europe This secto
Page 12 and 13: • Favouring the professionalisati
Page 14 and 15: Street Artists in Europe the social
Page 16 and 17: Table of Contents xiii Street Artis
Page 18 and 19: Street Artists in Europe 4.3. Train
Page 20 and 21: Street Artists in Europe Annex 2 -
Page 22 and 23: INTRODUCTION 1 Street Artists in Eu
Page 24 and 25: 1.1. Background CHAPTER 1: WHAT ARE
Page 26 and 27: 1.3.1. An ethic linked to the uses
Page 28 and 29: Street Artists in Europe • The he
Page 30 and 31: 2.1. Background CHAPTER 2: WHAT IS
Page 32 and 33: Street Artists in Europe number inc
Page 34 and 35: 2.4. Tools 2.4.1. Mobility 13 Stree
Page 36 and 37: 2.4.2.3 Language and communication
Page 40 and 41: Street Artists in Europe CHAPTER 3:
Page 42 and 43: Street Artists in Europe Street art
Page 44 and 45: Street Artists in Europe activities
Page 46 and 47: Street Artists in Europe The first
Page 48 and 49: 4.1. Background CHAPTER 4: STREET A
Page 50 and 51: Street Artists in Europe culture wa
Page 52 and 53: Street Artists in Europe frequent r
Page 54 and 55: 33 Street Artists in Europe the sus
Page 56 and 57: 5.1. Background CHAPTER 5: STREET A
Page 58 and 59: Street Artists in Europe usually di
Page 60 and 61: 5.3.3. Mixed audience 5.3.3.1. Stre
Page 62 and 63: Street Artists in Europe the viewpo
Page 64 and 65: 6.1. Background 43 Street Artists i
Page 66 and 67: Street Artists in Europe local fest
Page 68 and 69: • Small scale (audience of up to
Page 70 and 71: 6.4.3. Budgets 49 Street Artists in
Page 72 and 73: Street Artists in Europe companies
Page 74 and 75: Street Artists in Europe badly unde
Page 76 and 77: Street Artists in Europe CHAPTER 7:
Page 78 and 79: Street Artists in Europe support fo
Page 80 and 81: Street Artists in Europe law, cover
Page 82 and 83: Books BIBLIOGRAPHY 61 Street Artist
Page 84 and 85: Articles and special issues 63 Stre
Page 86 and 87: Street Artists in Europe Goh, F., I
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Street Artists in Europe www.straat
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ANNEX 1: METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH 1.
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Street Artists in Europe • Establ
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Street Artists in Europe • The in
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1.3.3. Institutional and intellectu
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Street Artists in Europe promoters
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Total of 119 filled questionnaires
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ANNEX 2 - SECTION A: THE AESTHETICS
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Street Artists in Europe public spa
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Street Artists in Europe performanc
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Street Artists in Europe And that i
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5.1. Interdisciplinary nature 89 St
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The heritage of fairground theatre
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Street Artists in Europe ‘The tem
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Street Artists in Europe 5.3.2.5. T
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Statistics of disciplines used in s
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Mime 193 16 8.29 99 Street Artists
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ANNEX 2 - SECTION B: WHAT IS A STRE
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Street Artists in Europe interferen
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Street Artists in Europe into accou
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Street Artists in Europe • democr
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Street Artists in Europe described
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Street Artists in Europe • person
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Street Artists in Europe Isabelle D
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ANNEX 2 - SECTION C: POLITICAL AND
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Street Artists in Europe policies i
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Street Artists in Europe Any study
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Street Artists in Europe increase,
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Street Artists in Europe profession
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Street Artists in Europe sought to
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Street Artists in Europe The region
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Street Artists in Europe Irish Arts
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Street Artists in Europe produced i
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Street Artists in Europe Since then
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135 Street Artists in Europe • fo
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Street Artists in Europe with inter
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technical support and promoting com
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Street Artists in Europe contributi
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3.2.6. Croatia 143 Street Artists i
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Street Artists in Europe ANNEX 2 -
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Street Artists in Europe Christiani
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Street Artists in Europe Protestant
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Street Artists in Europe 44) who mo
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153 Street Artists in Europe Munich
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Street Artists in Europe 5. Contemp
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Street Artists in Europe The street
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Street Artists in Europe Hopking in
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Street/fringe theatre in Europe aga
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Street Artists in Europe Daska, Sis
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Street Artists in Europe or in some
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Street Artists in Europe unique pro
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Poland 169 Street Artists in Europe
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Street Artists in Europe audience.
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ANNEX 2 - SECTION E: STREET ARTS AN
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Street Artists in Europe Gathering
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Street Artists in Europe long term
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Street Artists in Europe developmen
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Street Artists in Europe between th
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Street Artists in Europe long proce
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Street Artists in Europe Permission
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187 Street Artists in Europe they o
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3.2.1. The type of location Table 3
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191 Street Artists in Europe An una
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Table 6 - Cooperations and partners
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195 Street Artists in Europe ‘Reg
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Street Artists in Europe where the
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4.4. Economic effects Table 10 - Ec
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Table 12 - Sustainability in the ci
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6. Conclusion 203 Street Artists in
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ANNEX 2 - SECTION F: STREET ARTS AU
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207 Street Artists in Europe now kn
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Street Artists in Europe ‘Festiva
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3.1. Impact of occupying the public
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Street Artists in Europe for friend
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Street Artists in Europe As we have
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Street Artists in Europe However, i
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Street Artists in Europe who say th
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4.1.2. Duration of presence and loc
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Street Artists in Europe discover p
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ANNEX 2 - SECTION G: STREET ARTS IN
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Street Artists in Europe (c) new pe
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Street Artists in Europe Aurillac a
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3. The funding opportunities availa
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Street Artists in Europe ‘Ireland
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Street Artists in Europe These netw
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‘….And also there free lance me
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Street Artists in Europe ways to fo
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Street Artists in Europe Creation c
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Street Artists in Europe culture an
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6.1. Language problems These do app
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7.2. Communications and networks 24
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ANNEX 2 - SECTION H: STREET ARTS IN
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Street Artists in Europe respondent
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2. Difficulties and limitations at
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Street Artists in Europe Artists fr
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Street Artists in Europe "… lack
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Street Artists in Europe informatio
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Street Artists in Europe festival u
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Street Artists in Europe Respondent
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Street Artists in Europe ANNEX 2 -
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1.1.2. Alternatives to public funds
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In fact, researches recommend to fo
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Street Artists in Europe health pro
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Street Artists in Europe accelerate
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Street Artists in Europe “Western
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Street Artists in Europe easier to
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Street Artists in Europe In France,
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Street Artists in Europe important
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Street Artists in Europe Of course,
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285 Street Artists in Europe Synthe
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Street Artists in Europe Synthesis
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ANNEX 2 - SECTION J: STREET ARTS IN
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Street Artists in Europe This space
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Street Artists in Europe to express
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Street Artists in Europe Store” 4
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Street Artists in Europe anticommun
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299 Street Artists in Europe democr
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Street Artists in Europe rules of t
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Street Artists in Europe This diffe
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Street Artists in Europe Out of the
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Street Artists in Europe only rebel
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Street Artists in Europe example, t
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