A Practical Guide to 'Free-Energy' Devices

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processes. In addition, if this obstacle were overcome, it would still be necessary to transport and store the hydrogen in service stations and moreover find a safe and practical way of loading and storing it in motor vehicles. Mercedes-Benz for one is experimenting with a vehicle equipped with a special tank for storing hydrogen gas and means for supplying the gas to the injection system, instead of the conventional petrol tank and circuit, without however yet achieving a satisfactory degree of safety and cost-efficiency. The use of dry hydrogen gas as a propellant has heretofore been found to produce a generally uncontrolled ignition, a large temperature excursion upwards which proved too destructive for the chamber walls. The engine life was limited to less than 10,000 km (about 6,000 miles). DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The invention is based on the discovery of an energy-converter system to run an internal combustion engine and particularly is based on the discovery of a method and means for reliably, economically, safely and cleanly fuel an internal combustion engine with hydrogen, and obtaining the hydrogen in a usable form to this end from a cheap and plentifully available substance such as water. The hydrogen may be generated in optimum conditions to be fed into the engine. According to the invention, hydrogen is obtained on board from a readily available hydrogenous source such as ionised water which is subjected to electrolysis, from whence the hydrogen is injected in each cylinder of the engine on the admission stroke. The hydrogen gas is mixed with water vapour (steam at atmospheric temperature) and surrounding air, and when this mixture is ignited within the combustion chamber, the steam (vapour) seems to act as a temperature moderator first and then assist in the expansion stroke. Preferably, the steam is dry saturated steam which, as a moderator, limits the maximum temperature of the combustion, thus helping to preserve the cylinder, valve and piston elements; and in assisting the expansion, the steam expands fast to contribute extra pressure on the piston head, increasing the mechanical output power of the engine. In other words, the inclusion of steam in the hydrogen propellant as suggested by the present invention moderates the negative effects of hydrogen and enhances the positive effects thereof in the combustion cycle. As a result of this discovery, the amount of hydrogen required to drive the engine is lower than was heretofore expected, hence the electrolysis need not produce more than 10 cc/sec (for example, for a 1,400 cc engine). Thus the amount of electricity required for the electrolysis, a stumbling block in earlier attempts, is lower, so much so, that on-board hydrogen production is now feasible. The invention includes an apparatus comprising a first system for generating hydrogen and a second system for conditioning and supplying the hydrogen to the admission valves on the cylinder caps. The hydrogen-generating system basically consists of an electrolysis device which receives electrolitically adapted (i.e. at least partially ionised) water or some other suitable hydrogenous substance. An electric power supply is connected to the electrodes of the electrolysis device for generating the hydrogen, and the electricity requirements and the device dimensions are designed for a maximum hydrogen output rate of about 10 cc/sec for a typical automotive application. The second system comprises means such as a vacuum pump or the like to draw out the hydrogen from the first system, means for supplying the hydrogen gas to the admission valves, means for conditioning the moisture content of the hydrogen, carburettor means or the like for mixing the hydrogen with atmospheric air or some other combustion enabling substance, and means to control and maintain a specified gas pressure valve or range for the hydrogen supplied to the mixing means. The apparatus was tested and worked surprisingly well. It was discovered that this seemed to be the result of the steam content in the electrolytic hydrogen gas overcoming the pitfalls encountered in the prior art systems which injected relatively dry gas into the cylinder chambers, or at the most with a relatively small proportion of humidity coming from the air itself. In the preferred embodiment, the electrolysis system is driven with a pulsed DC power signal of up to 80 Amps at between 75 and 100 Volts. The electrolyte is distilled water salted with sodium chloride with a concentration of about 30 grams of salt per litre of water, to 150 grams of salt in 10 litres of water. Other concentrations are possible depending on the kind of engine, fuel and electricity consumption etc. The maximum rate of hydrogen production required for a typical domestic car engine has been estimated at 10 cc/sec. This hydrogen is drawn out by a pump generating a pressure head of around 2 Kg/cm 2 to feed the generated steam-containing hydrogen to a receptacle provided with means for removing the undesired excess of moisture from the gas. The gas is thus mixed with the desired content of steam when it enters the carburettor or mixing device. In the event that the generated hydrogen does not have enough steam content, dry saturated steam may be added to the hydrogen as it proceeds to the engine. This may done conveniently, before it enters the carburettor and is mixed with the intake air. Part of the gas may be shunted via a heat-exchanger serpentine connected to A - 824
the exhaust manifold. This heats some of the gas before it is injected into the base of the carburettor. This heated gas injection operates like a supercharger. The main unheated hydrogen stream is piped directly into the venturi system of the carburettor, where it mixes with air drawn in by the admission stroke vacuum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig.1 is a schematic layout of the first and second systems and shows the electrolysis device for obtaining hydrogen, and the circuit means for injecting the steam-laden hydrogen into the combustion chambers of a car engine, according to one embodiment of this invention. A - 825
Page 1: JUAN AGUERO Patent Application EP04
Page 5 and 6: combustion chambers. The hydrogen i
Page 7 and 8: 21. The system of claim 20, charact
Page 9 and 10: electrolysis of water at such a rat
Page 11 and 12: Fig.4 is an elevation view of the h
Page 13 and 14: Fig.10 is a cross-section on the li
Page 15 and 16: Fig.16 is a cross-section on the li
Page 17 and 18: Fig.23 is an enlargement of part of
Page 19 and 20: Fig.33 is a perspective view of a v
Page 21 and 22: A - 843
Page 23 and 24: through a resistor R4 to provide tr
Page 25 and 26: The installation of the above circu
Page 27 and 28: cathode in the upper region of the
Page 29 and 30: transformer and, assuming an input
Page 31 and 32: valve apparatus to control engine s
Page 33 and 34: . a first hollow cylindrical electr
Page 35 and 36: CHRISTOPHER ECCLES UK Patent App. 2
Page 37 and 38: Fig.1 is a circuit diagram of fract
Page 39 and 40: If a large electric field is applie
Page 41 and 42: The pulses R1 and S1 are of the sam
Page 43 and 44: DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The inv
Page 45 and 46: A - 867
Page 47 and 48: Fig.5B shows a stylised representat
Page 49 and 50: Fig.6 shows a gas collection system
Page 51 and 52: Fig.8A and Fig.8B are views of a se
Page 53 and 54:
A - 875
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Figs.16-30 are graphs supporting th
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A - 879
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A - 881
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A - 883
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A - 885
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A - 887
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If it is the case that the hydrogen
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plate shown in Fig.1A and Fig.1B an
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is in equilibrium where the 10 watt
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The previously mentioned prior art
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The stores of high pressure gases c
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unit to retain operational gas pres
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HENRY PAINE This is a very interest
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Henry Paine’s apparatus would the
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some form of distortion of space. I
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superconductive disk is made part o
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Fig.2A and Fig.2B are diagrams, pre
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Fig.4A and Fig.4B are diagrams, pre
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#1 hollow superconductive shield #2
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Fig.2B shows the counter-clockwise
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In this example, the difference bet
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CHARLES POGUE US Patent 642,434 12t
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Fig.3 is a horizontal sectional vie
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Fig.9 and Fig.10 are detail section
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having a valve 52 in it. Chamber 50
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CHARLES POGUE US Patent 1,997,497 9
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Fig.4 is a detail sectional view of
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A low-speed or idling jet 25 has it
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DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig.1 i
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Fig.5 is a detail sectional view on
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Vapour formed by air bubbling throu
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From the foregoing description it w
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Fig.2 is an enlarged view of the de
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Fig.6 is a section taken along line
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ROBERT SHELTON US Patent 2,982,528
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Fig.4 is a transverse sectional vie
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HAROLD SCHWARTZ US Patent 3,294,381
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182,420 now abandoned. The present
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DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The ca
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THOMAS OGLE US Patent 4,177,779 11t
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In accordance with other aspects of
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Fig.3 is a sectional view of the va
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Fig.7 is a partial side, partial se
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The cooling system of the vehicle c
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Upon initial starting of the engine
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(f) A filter positioned in the vapo
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with the magnitude of the current a
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Fig.1B is a perspective view of the
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Fig.3 is a top view of the motor of
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Fig.7 is an isometric view showing
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Fig.10 is a top view showing the ro
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Fig.13 is a top view of a pair of r
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Extending in opposite diametric dir
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Fig.5 shows the state of the switch
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otor magnets 42 - 49 when in the ho
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Fig.9 and Fig.10 show a second arra
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constructed otherwise than as speci
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12. The motor of claim 11 wherein t
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timer or a control mechanism mounte
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Fig.4 is a view similar to Fig.3 bu
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Fig.10 is a view similar to Fig.3 f
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Fig.13 is a schematic circuit diagr
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Fig.16 is a simplified embodiment o
Page 181 and 182:
Fig.22 to Fig.25 are similar to Fig
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Referring to Fig.2, the permanent m
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Fig.7 shows a modified embodiment w
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them, will depend upon the order in
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Fig.14, shows another embodiment 14
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Fig.18 shows the air coil 210 posit
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Figs. 22-25 show four different pos
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movement with the first permanent m
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a shaft and means journaling the sh
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CLAUDE MEAD and WILLIAM HOLMES US P
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Fig.2 is a front elevation of the w
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impactors and drills. The turbine d
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(a) fourth rotating means responsiv
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path to the other side of the perma
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Fig.3 is an oscilloscope waveform t
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERR
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although it is by no means obvious
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second diode connected at its posit
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In the present invention, a permane
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Fig.4 is a circuit diagram, illustr
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and Fig.3. In practice, this coil m
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y a simultaneous magnetic accelerat
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Mr. P.G. Mallory started out in 191
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All models have a 30 Watt power rat
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In the auto racing circles it has a
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BATTERY + _ SIMPLIFIED MULTIVIBRATO
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Schematic Wiring Diagrams for two P
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motor. What is not generally known,
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Mark McKay's investigation of Edwin
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Investor Photo #012D Popping a coil
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capacitors connected in series, wit
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Page 245 and 246:
PULSE WIDTH TIME IN mS went to the
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TOP DEAD CENTER 0° REFERENCE Accor
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Page 251 and 252:
The recovery and simple analysis of
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FILTER CAPACITOR + 2 OHM 200 WATT R
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Subject: CSET design Date: Sun Feb
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Date: Fri Feb 28, 2003 8:25 pm (Tim
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(Tad Johnson) I'm being as careful
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SANGAMO ENERGY DISCHARGE CAPACITOR
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(Alan Francoeur) But I also measure
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Subject: Progress Date: Sun Mar 30,
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● all electrical connections were
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Mark Gray claims that the heart and
Page 271 and 272:
Mark Gray claims that some potentia
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Radio Frequency (RF) Generator Gene
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Some time during 1987 - 1988, Gray
Page 279 and 280:
The two-channel trace from the osci
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What “maximum squareness” means
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Zo = 112 Ohms Td of 293 nS. 50 KV 8
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MIKE BRADY’S “PERENDEV” MAGNE
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Fig.3 is a perspective view showing
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Fig.7 is a perspective view showing
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In the rotor assembly 30 of Fig.2,
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Fig.7 shows a typical magnetic sour
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DONALD A. KELLY ABSTRACT Patent US
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This series of magnetic oscillating
Page 299 and 300:
Because there is no natural, lock-i
Page 301 and 302:
Fig.3 is an enlarged top view of on
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An arm 9, is fastened to a flat fac
Page 305 and 306:
Fig.2 is a vertical transverse cros
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Fig.6 is a vertical, longitudinal,
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Working inside the cylinders 12 are
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Leroy K. Rogers Patent US 4,292,804
Page 313 and 314:
Preferred embodiments of a method a
Page 315 and 316:
Fig.6 is a cross-sectional view of
Page 317 and 318:
Page 319 and 320:
tapped hole in the cylinder 20 typi
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A second embodiment of a valve actu
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otates faster, the other end 98 of
Page 325 and 326:
In normal operation (as seen in Fig
Page 327 and 328:
Eber Van Valkinburg Patent US 3,744
Page 329 and 330:
Referring to the drawings in detail
Page 331 and 332:
Since the pump depends for its supp
Page 333 and 334:
Briefly, in one aspect the engine o
Page 335 and 336:
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Fig.12 is a cross-sectional view si
Page 339 and 340:
Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of an
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A - 1163
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A - 1165
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Figs.20A-20F are schematic diagrams
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Note: Corresponding reference chara
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Integral with the piston bodies are
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The piston has a generally semi-tor
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Referring back to Fig.13A, for engi
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As piston 39A reaches BDC, distribu
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mixture and do not combine because
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These wires are about twelve gauge,
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cold-cathode tube 391, and an x-ray
Page 363 and 364:
Fig.17D), polariser 289, branch B17
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Robert Britt US Patent 3,977,191 31
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Fig.3 is an elevational view of the
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Fig.7 is an electrical schematic of
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Referring now to Fig.3 of the drawi
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and drives Q1 into conduction. The
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Floyd Sweet Recently, some addition
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The day when we witnessed the VTA d
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up to see Floyd. Floyd was with the
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Energy cannot enter a space of zero
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electromagnetic and gravitational f
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or in another form: So, the e.m.f.
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Example 2: Suppose the conductor wi
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Meguer Kalfaian There is a patent a
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Fig.2 illustrates a controlled top
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Fig.9 is a modification of Fig.6; a
Page 395 and 396:
the outer periphery of the magnet,
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wobbling top is sufficient, as proo
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Theodore Annis & Patrick Eberly US
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS F
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Fig.6 is a schematic diagram of a s
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERR
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Fig.5 is a detail drawing of an alt
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In the preferred implementation of
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William McDavid junior US Patent 6,
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This sloping floor causes the drive
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FIG.3 is a side elevational view of
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FIG.9 is a horizontal cross-section
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otational downstream annular chambe
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In Fig.5 is shown a perspective vie
Page 423 and 424:
small hydro-electric version of the
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Fig.10 is a perspective view of a s
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longitudinally mounted in the upstr
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shaft in the central aperture, said
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Scientific Papers The following lin
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A Practical Guide to 'Free-Energy' Devices

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