A Practical Guide to 'Free-Energy' Devices

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BORIS VOLFSON ABSTRACT US Patent 6,960,975 Nov.1, 2005 Inventor: Boris Volfson SPACE VEHICLE PROPELLED BY THE PRESSURE OF INFLATIONARY VACUUM STATE A space vehicle propelled by the pressure of inflationary vacuum state is provided comprising a hollow superconductive shield, an inner shield, a power source, a support structure, upper and lower means for generating an electromagnetic field, and a flux modulation controller. A cooled hollow superconductive shield is energised by an electromagnetic field resulting in the quantised vortices of lattice ions projecting a gravitomagnetic field that forms a space-time curvature anomaly outside the space vehicle. The space-time curvature imbalance, the space-time curvature being the same as gravity, provides for the space vehicle's propulsion. The space vehicle, surrounded by the space-time anomaly, may move at a speed approaching the light-speed characteristic for the modified locale. US Patent References: 3626605 Dec., 1971 Wallace. 3626606 Dec., 1971 Wallace. 3823570 Jul., 1974 Wallace. 5197279 Mar., 1993 Taylor. 6353311 Mar., 2002 Brainard et al. Other References: M.T. French, "To the Stars by Electromagnetic Propulsion", http://www.mtjf.demon.co.uk/antigravp2.htm#cforce. Evgeny Podkletnov, "Weak Gravitational Shielding Properties of Composite Bulk YBa2Cu33O(7-x) Superconductor Below 70K Under E.M. Field", LANL database number cond-mat/9701074, v. 3, 10 pages, Sep. 16, 1997. N. LI & D.G. Torr, "Effects of a Gravitomagnetic Field on Pure Superconductors", Physical Review, vol. 43, p. 457, 3 pages, Jan. 15, 1991. Evgeny Podkletnov, Giovanni Modanese "Impulse Gravity Generator Based on Charged YBa2Cu33O7-y Superconductor with Composite Crystal Structure", arXiv.org/physics database, #0108005 vol. 2, 32 pages, 8 figures, Aug. 30, 2001. S. Kopeikin & E. Fomalont, "General Relativistic Model for Experimental Measurement of the Speed of Propagation of Gravity by VLBI", Proceedings of the 6th European VLBI Network Symposium Jun. 25-28, 2002, Bonn, Germany, 4 pages. Sean M. Carroll, "The Cosmological Constant", http://pancake.uchicago.edu/˜ carroll/encyc/, 6 pages. Chris Y. Taylor and Giovanni Modanese, "Evaluation of an Impulse Gravity Generator Based Beamed Propulsion Concept", American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., 2002. Peter L. Skeggs, "Engineering Analysis of the Podkletnov Gravity Shielding Experiment", Quantum Forum, Nov. 7, 1997, http://www.inetarena'.com/˜ noetic/pls/podlev.html). BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The existence of a magnetic-like gravitational field has been well established by physicists for general relativity, gravitational theories, and cosmology. The consequences of the effect of electromagnetically-affected gravity could be substantial and have many practical applications, particularly in aviation and space exploration. There are methods known for converting electromagnetism into a propulsive force that potentially generates a large propulsive thrust. According to these methods, the machine thrust is produced by rotating, reciprocating masses in the following ways: centrifugal thrust, momentum thrust, and impulse thrust. ("To the Stars by Electromagnetic Propulsion", M. T. French, http://www.mtjf.demon.co.uk/antigravp2.htm#cforce). However, the electromagnetic propulsion in an ambient space, or space that is not artificially modified, is not practical for interstellar travel because of the great distances involved. No interstellar travel is feasible without A - 904
some form of distortion of space. In turn, no alteration of space is possible without the corresponding deformation of time. Gravitomagnetic alteration of space, resulting in the space-time curvature anomaly that could propel the space vehicle, could be a feasible approach to future space travel. In the late 1940s, H. B. G. Casimir proved that the vacuum is neither particle nor field-free. It is a source of zeropoint-fluctuation (ZPF) of fields such as the vacuum gravitomagnetic field. ZPF fields lead to real, measurable physical consequences such as the Casimir force. The quantised hand-made electromagnetic processes, such as those occurring in superconductors, affect the similarly quantised ZPFs. The most likely reason is the electronpositron creation and annihilation, in part corresponding to the "polarisation effect" sited by Evgeny Podkletnov in explaining the gravitomagnetic effect reportedly observed by him in 1992. ("Weak Gravitational Shielding Properties of Composite Bulk YBa2Cu33O(7-x) Superconductor Below 70 K Under E.M. Field", Evgeny Podkletnov, LANL database number cond-mat/9701074, v. 3, 10 pages, 16 Sep. 1997). The investigation of gravitomagnetism, however, started well before Podkletnov. In the U.S. Pat. No. 3,626,605, Henry Wm. Wallace describes an experimental apparatus for generating and detecting a secondary gravitational field. He also shows how a time-varying gravitomagnetic field can be used to shield the primary background of a gravitoelectric field. In the U.S. Pat. No. 3,626,606, Henry Wm. Wallace provides a variation of his earlier experiment. A type III-V semiconductor material, of which both components have unpaired nuclear spin, is used as an electronic detector for the gravitomagnetic field. The experiment demonstrates that the material in his gravitomagnetic field circuit has hysterisis and remanence effects analogous to magnetic materials. In the U.S. Pat. No. 3,823,570, Henry Wm. Wallace provides an additional variation of his experiment. Wallace demonstrates that, by aligning the nuclear spin of materials having an odd number of nucleons, a change in specific heat occurs. In the U.S. Pat. No. 5,197,279, James R. Taylor discloses Electromagnetic Propulsion Engine where solenoid windings generate an electromagnetic field that, without the conversion into a gravitomagnetic field, generates the thrust necessary for the propulsion. In the U.S. Pat. No. 6,353,311 B1, John P. Brainard et al. offer a controversial theory of Universal Particle Flux Field, and in order to prove it empirically, provide a shaded motor-type device. This device is also intended for extracting energy from this hypothetical Field. In the early 1980s, Sidney Coleman and F. de Luca noted that the Einsteinean postulate of a homogeneous Universe, while correct in general, ignores quantised local fluctuation of the pressure of inflationary vacuum state, this fluctuation causing local cosmic calamities. While the mass-less particles propagate through large portions of Universe at light speed, these anomaly bubbles, depending on their low or high relative vacuum density, cause a local increase or decrease of the propagation values for these particles. Scientists disagree about the possibility, and possible ways, to artificially create models of such anomalies. In the early 1990s, Ning Li and D. G Torr described a method and means for converting an electromagnetic field into a gravitomagnetic field. Li and Torr suggested that, under the proper conditions, the minuscule force fields of superconducting atoms can "couple", compounding in strength to the point where they can produce a repulsion force ("Effects of a Gravitomagnetic Field on Pure Superconductors", N. Li and D. G. Torr, Physical Review, Volume 43, Page 457, 3 pages, 15 Jan. 1991). A series of experiments, performed in the early 1990s by Podkletnov and R. Nieminen, reportedly resulted in a reduction of the weights of objects placed above a levitating, rotating superconductive disk subjected to high frequency magnetic fields. These results substantially support the expansion of Einstainean physics offered by Li & Torr. Podkletnov and Giovanni Modanese have provided a number of interesting theories as to why the weight reduction effect could have occurred, citing quantum gravitational effects, specifically, a local change in the cosmological constant. The cosmological constant, under ordinary circumstances, is the same everywhere. But, according to Podkletnov and Modanese, above a levitating, rotating superconductive disk exposed to high frequency magnetic fields, it is modified. ("Impulse Gravity Generator Based on Charged YBa2Cu33O7-y Superconductor with Composite Crystal Structure", Evgeny Podkletnov, Giovanni Modanese, arXiv.org/physics database, #0108005 volume 2, 32 pages, 8 figures, Aug. 30, 2001). In the July 2004 paper, Ning Wu hypothesised that exponential decay of the gravitation gauge field, characteristic for the unstable vacuum such as that created by Podkletnov and Nieminen, is at the root of the gravitational shielding effects (Gravitational Shielding Effects in Gauge Theory of Gravity, Ning Wu, arXiv:hep-th/0307225 v 1 23 Jul. 2003, 38 pages incl. 3 figures, July 2004). A - 905
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JUAN AGUERO Patent Application EP04
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the exhaust manifold. This heats so
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combustion chambers. The hydrogen i
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21. The system of claim 20, charact
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electrolysis of water at such a rat
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Fig.4 is an elevation view of the h
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Fig.10 is a cross-section on the li
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Fig.16 is a cross-section on the li
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Fig.23 is an enlargement of part of
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Fig.33 is a perspective view of a v
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through a resistor R4 to provide tr
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The installation of the above circu
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cathode in the upper region of the
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transformer and, assuming an input
Page 31 and 32: valve apparatus to control engine s
Page 33 and 34: . a first hollow cylindrical electr
Page 35 and 36: CHRISTOPHER ECCLES UK Patent App. 2
Page 37 and 38: Fig.1 is a circuit diagram of fract
Page 39 and 40: If a large electric field is applie
Page 41 and 42: The pulses R1 and S1 are of the sam
Page 43 and 44: DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The inv
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Page 47 and 48: Fig.5B shows a stylised representat
Page 49 and 50: Fig.6 shows a gas collection system
Page 51 and 52: Fig.8A and Fig.8B are views of a se
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Page 55 and 56: Figs.16-30 are graphs supporting th
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Page 67 and 68: If it is the case that the hydrogen
Page 69 and 70: plate shown in Fig.1A and Fig.1B an
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Page 73 and 74: The previously mentioned prior art
Page 75 and 76: The stores of high pressure gases c
Page 77 and 78: unit to retain operational gas pres
Page 79 and 80: HENRY PAINE This is a very interest
Page 81: Henry Paine’s apparatus would the
Page 85 and 86: superconductive disk is made part o
Page 87 and 88: Fig.2A and Fig.2B are diagrams, pre
Page 89 and 90: Fig.4A and Fig.4B are diagrams, pre
Page 91 and 92: #1 hollow superconductive shield #2
Page 93 and 94: Fig.2B shows the counter-clockwise
Page 95 and 96: In this example, the difference bet
Page 97 and 98: CHARLES POGUE US Patent 642,434 12t
Page 99 and 100: Fig.3 is a horizontal sectional vie
Page 101 and 102: Fig.9 and Fig.10 are detail section
Page 103 and 104: having a valve 52 in it. Chamber 50
Page 105 and 106: CHARLES POGUE US Patent 1,997,497 9
Page 107 and 108: Fig.4 is a detail sectional view of
Page 109 and 110: A low-speed or idling jet 25 has it
Page 111 and 112: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig.1 i
Page 113 and 114: Fig.5 is a detail sectional view on
Page 115 and 116: Vapour formed by air bubbling throu
Page 117 and 118: From the foregoing description it w
Page 119 and 120: Fig.2 is an enlarged view of the de
Page 121 and 122: Fig.6 is a section taken along line
Page 123 and 124: ROBERT SHELTON US Patent 2,982,528
Page 125 and 126: Fig.4 is a transverse sectional vie
Page 127 and 128: HAROLD SCHWARTZ US Patent 3,294,381
Page 129 and 130: 182,420 now abandoned. The present
Page 131 and 132: DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The ca
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THOMAS OGLE US Patent 4,177,779 11t
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In accordance with other aspects of
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Fig.3 is a sectional view of the va
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Fig.7 is a partial side, partial se
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The cooling system of the vehicle c
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Upon initial starting of the engine
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(f) A filter positioned in the vapo
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with the magnitude of the current a
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Fig.1B is a perspective view of the
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Fig.3 is a top view of the motor of
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Fig.7 is an isometric view showing
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Fig.10 is a top view showing the ro
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Fig.13 is a top view of a pair of r
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Extending in opposite diametric dir
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Fig.5 shows the state of the switch
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otor magnets 42 - 49 when in the ho
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Fig.9 and Fig.10 show a second arra
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constructed otherwise than as speci
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12. The motor of claim 11 wherein t
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timer or a control mechanism mounte
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Fig.4 is a view similar to Fig.3 bu
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Fig.10 is a view similar to Fig.3 f
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Fig.13 is a schematic circuit diagr
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Fig.16 is a simplified embodiment o
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Fig.22 to Fig.25 are similar to Fig
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Referring to Fig.2, the permanent m
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Fig.7 shows a modified embodiment w
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them, will depend upon the order in
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Fig.14, shows another embodiment 14
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Fig.18 shows the air coil 210 posit
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Figs. 22-25 show four different pos
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movement with the first permanent m
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a shaft and means journaling the sh
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CLAUDE MEAD and WILLIAM HOLMES US P
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Fig.2 is a front elevation of the w
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impactors and drills. The turbine d
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(a) fourth rotating means responsiv
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path to the other side of the perma
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Fig.3 is an oscilloscope waveform t
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERR
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although it is by no means obvious
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second diode connected at its posit
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In the present invention, a permane
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Fig.4 is a circuit diagram, illustr
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and Fig.3. In practice, this coil m
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y a simultaneous magnetic accelerat
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Mr. P.G. Mallory started out in 191
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All models have a 30 Watt power rat
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In the auto racing circles it has a
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BATTERY + _ SIMPLIFIED MULTIVIBRATO
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Schematic Wiring Diagrams for two P
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motor. What is not generally known,
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Mark McKay's investigation of Edwin
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Investor Photo #012D Popping a coil
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capacitors connected in series, wit
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PULSE WIDTH TIME IN mS went to the
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TOP DEAD CENTER 0° REFERENCE Accor
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The recovery and simple analysis of
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FILTER CAPACITOR + 2 OHM 200 WATT R
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Subject: CSET design Date: Sun Feb
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Date: Fri Feb 28, 2003 8:25 pm (Tim
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(Tad Johnson) I'm being as careful
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SANGAMO ENERGY DISCHARGE CAPACITOR
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(Alan Francoeur) But I also measure
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Subject: Progress Date: Sun Mar 30,
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● all electrical connections were
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Mark Gray claims that the heart and
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Mark Gray claims that some potentia
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Radio Frequency (RF) Generator Gene
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Some time during 1987 - 1988, Gray
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The two-channel trace from the osci
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What “maximum squareness” means
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Zo = 112 Ohms Td of 293 nS. 50 KV 8
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MIKE BRADY’S “PERENDEV” MAGNE
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Fig.3 is a perspective view showing
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Fig.7 is a perspective view showing
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In the rotor assembly 30 of Fig.2,
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Fig.7 shows a typical magnetic sour
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DONALD A. KELLY ABSTRACT Patent US
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This series of magnetic oscillating
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Because there is no natural, lock-i
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Fig.3 is an enlarged top view of on
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An arm 9, is fastened to a flat fac
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Fig.2 is a vertical transverse cros
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Fig.6 is a vertical, longitudinal,
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Working inside the cylinders 12 are
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Leroy K. Rogers Patent US 4,292,804
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Preferred embodiments of a method a
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Fig.6 is a cross-sectional view of
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tapped hole in the cylinder 20 typi
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A second embodiment of a valve actu
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otates faster, the other end 98 of
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In normal operation (as seen in Fig
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Eber Van Valkinburg Patent US 3,744
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Referring to the drawings in detail
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Since the pump depends for its supp
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Briefly, in one aspect the engine o
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Fig.12 is a cross-sectional view si
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Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of an
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Figs.20A-20F are schematic diagrams
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Note: Corresponding reference chara
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Integral with the piston bodies are
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The piston has a generally semi-tor
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Referring back to Fig.13A, for engi
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As piston 39A reaches BDC, distribu
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mixture and do not combine because
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These wires are about twelve gauge,
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cold-cathode tube 391, and an x-ray
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Fig.17D), polariser 289, branch B17
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Robert Britt US Patent 3,977,191 31
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Fig.3 is an elevational view of the
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Fig.7 is an electrical schematic of
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Referring now to Fig.3 of the drawi
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and drives Q1 into conduction. The
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Floyd Sweet Recently, some addition
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The day when we witnessed the VTA d
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up to see Floyd. Floyd was with the
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Energy cannot enter a space of zero
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electromagnetic and gravitational f
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or in another form: So, the e.m.f.
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Example 2: Suppose the conductor wi
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Meguer Kalfaian There is a patent a
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Fig.2 illustrates a controlled top
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Fig.9 is a modification of Fig.6; a
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the outer periphery of the magnet,
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wobbling top is sufficient, as proo
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Theodore Annis & Patrick Eberly US
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS F
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Fig.6 is a schematic diagram of a s
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERR
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Fig.5 is a detail drawing of an alt
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In the preferred implementation of
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William McDavid junior US Patent 6,
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This sloping floor causes the drive
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FIG.3 is a side elevational view of
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FIG.9 is a horizontal cross-section
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otational downstream annular chambe
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In Fig.5 is shown a perspective vie
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small hydro-electric version of the
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Fig.10 is a perspective view of a s
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longitudinally mounted in the upstr
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shaft in the central aperture, said
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Scientific Papers The following lin
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