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128 THE MARINE ALGÆ OF NEW ENGLAND. Fronds globosely tufted, One to three inches high, filaments very delicate, slightly corticated at base, main branches many times divided, secondary branches long and flexuous, pinnate with numerous pinnately compound branchlets; antheridia sessile in tufts at the nodes of the branchlets; tetraspores tripartite, sessile on the upper side of branchlets; favellæ binate on the upper branches. Var. UNILATERALE, Harv. Fronds small and very delicate, branches and branchlets often secund. Var. FASTIGIATUM, Harv. Branches fastigiate, the lesser ones densely ramulose at the tips. Var. WALTERSII, Harv. Upper branches distichously compound-pinnate, branchlets patent. On Zostera and different algæ. Common in Long Island Sound; Gloucester, Mass. The forms which have been referred on our coast to C. byssoideum and C. corymbosum are hopelessly confused. Although as described by algologists the two species are sufficiently distinct, in practice it is difficult to say where one begins and the other ends. According to the books, the ramification of the upper branches is dichotomous in C. corymbosum, whereas it is always alternately pinnate in C. byssoideum. In some of the forms of the last-named species, however, the tips are corymbose and the cells of the axis are short and zigzag to such a degree that the tips at least appear to be dichotomous. Of the two species in question, C. corymbosum is the less delicate and gelatinous, and is not so decidedly rose colored as C. byssoideum, but, as far as our present information goes, although in its typical form C. byssoideum is not only common—apparently more common than in Europe—but also easily recognizable, its extreme forms are not sufficiently well known. The Kützingian method would be to split the species up into four or five new species. According to Crouan and Bornet, this species has seirospores. C. CORYMBOSUM, (Engl. Bot.) Lyngb. (C. corymbosum, Phyc. Brit., Pl. 272; Études Phycol., Pls. 32-35.—Pœcilothammion corymbosum, Næg.) Fronds tufted, two to three inches high; filaments very delicate, cortications wanting except at base, main branches several times pinnately or irregularly divided, secondary branches pinnate with dichotomously-multifid, fastigiate branches which end in hyaline hairs; tetraspores tripartite sessile at the nodes of the branchlets, occupying the place of an ultimate branchlet; antheridia in tufts, sessile on the upper internodes; favellæ binate on the upper part of the branches. Var. SECUNDATUM, Harv. Lesser branches frequently secund, ultimate branchlets irregular, scarcely corymbose. On Zostera. Halifax, Boston Bay, New London, Providence, Harvey. The var. secundatum, Massachusetts Bay, Greenport, Harvey.
REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 129 We have only quoted the localities given by Harvey, although we have found what we take to be C. corymbosum at Newport, Wood’s Holl, and in considerable abundance at Nahant, always growing on Zostera. An examination of the different published exsiccatæ of European writers would lead one to think that several different species had been included under the name of C. corymbosum. One might doubt whether the form of Crouan, No. 139, and Areschoug, No. 15, belong to the same species. At Nahant the same form occurs as that distributed by French algologists. C. DIETZIÆ, Hooper. “Fronds capillary, pellucidly-articulate nearly to the base, the lower part percurrent, distichously-pinnate, stem veiny, branches alternate, simple, set at each node with short, alternate, subsimple or pinnato-dichotomous plumules, and often terminated by a dense fascicle of ramuli, rachides zigzag; articulations of the stem six or eight times, of the rachides three or four times, of the ramuli eight or ten times as long as broad; apices subattenuate, obtuse, or subacute; tetraspores elliptical, tripartite, solitary on the uppermost ramuli. “(Ner. Am. Bor., Part II, p. 236.) Greenport, Mrs. Dietz. Only known through the description given by Harvey in the Nereis. Harvey states that it is related to C. corymbosum and C. versicolor. The specimens referred to Wood’s Holl in Proc. Am. Acad., 1875, p. 376, were probably incorrectly determined. SUBGENUS SEIROSPORA, Harv. Fronds erect, main branches corticated; antheridia in tufts on the outer side of short branches; tetraspores tripartite; bispores and seirospores present; cystocarps destitute of enveloping jelly. C. SEIROSPERMUM, Griff. (Seirospora Griffithsiana, Harv., Phyc. Brit., Pl. 21.— Phlebothamnion seirospermum, Kütz.—C. versicolor, var. seirospermum, Harv., in Hooker’s Journ. Bot.; Pæcilothammon seirospermum, Næg.) Fronds diœcious, capillary, two to six inches high, pyramidal in outline, main axis percurrent, pinnate with alternate, undivided, lateral, branches, which bear secondary branches beset with delicate, erect, dichotomo-multified, corymbose branches, main branches corticated, smaller branches monosiphonous and byssoid; antheridia in tufts on the outside of short branchlets; tetraspores tripartite, sessile on the upper branchlets, sometimes replaced by bispores; seirospores oval, in moniliform tufts at the ends of the branches; cystocarps composed of radiating chains of spores without gelatinous envelope (Bornet.) On Zostera, shells, and stones below low-water mark. Common throughout Long Island Sound; Salem, Mass., Harvey. S. Miss. 59——9
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REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF FISH
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