Metallogenesis and Tectonics of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and ...

Superterrane in Russian Northeast
Kular Metallogenic Belt of
Au Quartz Vein, Granltoid-Related Au, and
Sn Quartz Vein Deposits (Belt KV)
Northern Part of Eastern Siberia
The Kular metallogenic belt of Au quartz vein, granitoid-related Au, and Sn-W quartz vein deposits (fig. 61; tables 3,4)
occurs in the northern part of eastern Siberia. The belt may extend under extensive Cenozoic deposits of the Primorskaya
Lowland. The deposits of the Kular belt occur in or near Early Cretaceous collisional (anatectic) granitoid rocks of the
Verkhoyansk collisional granite belt (unit vk) which intrude Late Permian and Triassic sandstone and shale of the Verkhoyansk
complex within the Kular-Nera terrane of the Kolyma-Omolon superterrane (Nokleberg and others, 1994c, 1997~). Most of the
deposits occur adjacent to, or in granite and adamellite of the informally-named Kular batholith (Ivensen and others, 1975). The
significant deposits in the belt are the Burguat and Dzhuotuk Au quartz vein deposits, the Novoe and Solur granitoid-related Au
deposits, and the Tirekhtyak district (Nagornoe, Podgornoe, Poputnoe) with Sn quartz vein deposits (table 4) (Nokleberg and
others 1997a, b, 1998).
The major Au quartz vein deposits, as at Bi~rguat and Dzhuotuk, typically consist of lenticular veins of quartz and
carbonate-quartz with gold and scarce (1-2%) sulfide minerals including pyrite, galena, sphalerite, and chalcopyrite. Minor
granitoid-related Au deposits, as at Solur and Novoe, typically consist of quartz and white mica-quartz veins. The veins and
mineralized shear zones occur in Late Permian clastic rocks adjacent to an Early Cretaceous granitic intrusion. Also in this area
are associated placer Au deposits in the Kular district. Small, non-economic occurrences of Sn and W occur in Sn quartz vein
deposits, as at Nagornoe and Poputnoe in the Tirekhtyak district, and are also associated with Early Cretaceous granitoid plutons.
The lode deposits of the Kular metallogenic belt are related mainly to the Early Cretaceous colljsional (anatectic)
granitoid rocks of the Verkhoyansk collisional granite belt (fig. 61) (Nokleberg and others, 1994c, 1997~). The Verkhoyansk belt,
of Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous age consists chiefly of two major belts, the Main granite belt of Late Jurassic to early
Neocomian age, and the Northern granite belt of Neocomian age. The Northern granite belt, which hosts the Kular metallogenic
belt, extends for about 600 krn along northwestern margin of the Kolyma-Omolon superterrane. The Northern belt consists of
inclined sheet-like plutons, up to 200 krn long, which are generally conformable with major folds. Major lithologies are tonalite,
grandiorite, and, less commonly, two mica leucogranite. These granitoid rocks are interpreted as forming immediately after the
Late Jurassic accretion of the Kolyma-Omolon superterrane to the North Asian Craton (Nokleberg and others, 2000).
Allakh-Yun Metallogenic Belt of
Au Quark Veln Deposits, and AssocSated
Wan Quartz Vein Deposits (Belt AY)
Southern Part of Russian Northeast
The Allakh-Yun metallogenic belt Au of quartz vein deposits, W and Sn quartz vein deposits (fig. 61; tables 3,4) occm
in the southern part of the Russian Northeast. The deposits are hosted in late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic carbonate and clastic
rocks of the North Asian Craton Margin (Verkhoyansk fold belt, unit NSV; Nokleberg and others, 1994c, 1997~; Goryachev,
1998,2003). The sedimentary rocks are regionally metamorphosed to greenschist facies, locally to staurolite grade along major
fault zones (Simanovich, 1978). Regional metamorphism is interpreted as occurring prior to the development of AU quartz vein
deposits. Sparse intermediate-composition granitic dikes and major granodiorite plutons, with K-Ar ages of 140-1 10 Ma, occur in
the region (Nenashev, 1979). The Au-quartz vein deposits occur along a linear trend along the western boundary of the belt of
granitoid plutons and dikes. The significant deposits in the belt are the Bular, Duet, Malyutka, Nezhdaninka, Novinka, Onello
(Lider), Svetly, Voskhod, Yur, and Zaderzhnoe Au quartz vein deposits, the Dies and Muromets Cu-Mo skarn deposits, the
Burgali porphyry-Mo (W) deposit, the Levo-Dybin granitoid-related Au deposit, and the It-Yuryak W vein and Sn (Wkquartz
vein deposit (table 4) (Nokleberg and others 1997a, b, 1998).
The Au quartz vein deposits consist of three types. (1) Concordant deposits, as at Bular, Yur, and Duet, are interpreted as
metamorphic and have K-Ar isotopic ages of 170 to 140 Ma (Nenashev, 1979; Goryachev, 1998,2003). (2) Crosscuttting,
postmetamorphic Au-quartz veins and mineralized shear zones, as at Voskhod, Novinka, Zaderzhnoe, and Nezhdanin, are closely
related to the early stage granitic dikes and are interpreted as igneous (Ivensen, Levin, 1975; Gamyanin and others, 1985;
Goryachev, 1998,2003). And (3) quartz granitioid-related Au deposits, as at Levo-Dybin, and W-Sn quartz vein deposits, as at
Yt-Yuryak, are associated with and interpreted as related to late-stage granitoid rocks. The deposit sizes range from small to large.
Related placer Au deposits are widespread in the southern portion of the metallogenic belt.
Nezhdanin Au Quartz Vein Deposit
The major Nezhdanin Au quartz vein (shear zone Au) deposit (fig. 66) (V.1. Korostolev, written commun., 1963; Silichev
and Skobelev, 1970; Grinberg and others, 1970; Gamyanin and others, 1985; G.N. Gamyanin and others, written commun., 1990,