Metallogenesis and Tectonics of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and ...

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Figure 5. Oroek sediment-h section for southern part of granitization. The crystdb Riphean and younger age. and others, 1994c, 1997~). A younger groq dY, Ce, U, , connection with igneous rocks. Coeval Uzhnoe consists of metasod &ta minerals are zircon, synch Krasnogorskoe, occur in zone$ of&t%~&edminerals are Nb-bearing gemhtik;(ryr t6 I% b&$,- -,pW &-- : ;d similar to those in the Pikes Peak, ~~lderq$kin*~&k %-'bdth 26 b 3 * 2
ecently been studied (Kirillov, 1991,1993). Insufficient data preclude determining the origin of the Ulkan melnllogenic belt. The Ulkan belt is coeval anorthosite to the south which is interpreted as forming in a Mesoproterozoic rift-related v~lcanic-plutonic cenler. BWyakohan Metallogedo Belt of SedirnentSlosed Cu and Basaltic Cu Deposlls (Belt 81) Sowhwegtern Part of Russian NoM~east The Bilyakchan metallagenic belt of sediment-hosted Cu and basalt Cu deposits (fig. 2; tables 3,4) occurs in the southwestern part of theRussian Northeast in Proterozoic rocks of the Verkhoyansk fold belt (unit NSV) that cbnztitutt~ the NoHh Asian Crato~ Margin (Nokleberg and others, 1994c, 1997b, c, 1995; Shpikerman, 1998). The belt strikes north-nodetast for 350 km along the westem foMed margin of the Okhotsk cratonal terrane and is about 50 km wide. The deposit3 occur in metamorphosed sandstone a d basalt of the Riphean and Vendian Bilyakchan sequence with a thiche-u of 3,100 m (Kutyrev and others, 1986). The Bilyakchan metallogenic belt is correlated with the tectonically-displaced Oroek metalkogenic belt of ironslone and sedimenthosted Cu deposits which is described above. Dzhegdag B ~Iffc Cu and Severny Uy Occurrences Basaltic Cu occurrences, as at Dzhagdag, occur in the lower part of the sequence. The Dzfiagdag deposit c~sisls of two layers of late Ripheam (Vendian) arnygdaloidal basalt, intercalated with tuff and sandstone, which contain (3-bearing horizons which are 0.4-5 m thick and contain finely disseminated to small masses of chalcocite, bornite, native copper, cuprite, covellite, and malachite (Kutyrev md others. 1988). The basaltic Cu deposits and the hosting basalts are interpreted aa forming during rifting on a shallow-submerged scarp of the western Okhotsk cratonal terrane. The sediment-hosted (sendstone) Cu occurrences, as at Severny Uy and Borong, occur at higher stratigraphic levels. The Severny Uy deposit consists of Cu-bearing horizons &om I to 3 m thick and occur in Late Riphean (Vendian) quartz- and polymictic sandstone and siltstone (Kulyrev and otkers, 1986). The deposit contains fine disseminations and pockets of massive pyrite, chalcopyrite, bornite, chalcocite, and hematite. The sedimenthosted Cu deposits and tbe bast sandstones are interpreted as forming during erosion of volcanic rocks with basaltic Cu dm&. Origin of end Tectonic Contrdf for Bilyakchn Metallogenic Belt The southwestern par! of the North Asia Craton Margin (Verkhoyansk fold belt, unit NSV), which boa the Bilyakchan metaligenic belt., consisls of the following major units: (1) Middle to Late Riphean shelf limestone, sandstone, Pnd shale with a cambiead thickness of more thiln 3 km; and (2) Late Riphean to Late Vendian clastic and volcanic rocks, mduding variegated conglomerate, srtndarona, silbtonc, basalt, and rare rhyolite. The late Riphean (Vendian) sedimentary and volcanic rockwMcb host the Cu &posh are interpreted as fming in a rift-related depression which formed in the transition between a continental shelf and adjacent onshore am, with the Siberian paleocontinental passive margin. The rift-related sedimentary cocks and Cu deposits were suhequtntly deformed into gentle folds and metamorphosed at greenschist facies. Sedimentary rocks of the fold belt are epparently tectonically detached fiom crystalline basement of craton. In this region, the Verkhoyansk fold kllis separated from he North Asian Craton by a west-verging thrust fault. Kllbuck MsWtqpnlc Eelt of Ironstone {Superior Fe) Deposits f Belt KI) SouthweSkrn Alwka The Kilbuck metallogenic belt of ironstone (probable Superior Fe type) deposits (fig. 3; tables 3,4) occurs in southwestern Alaska. The metallogenic belt is hosted in the Kilbuck-Idono cratonal terrane which occurs in two dif~~atinuous 6agments separated along the dextral-slip Nixon Fork fault (fig. 3). The one known occurrence is at Canyon Cnak (table 4) (Noldebetg aad others 19974 b, 1998). The Canyon Creek ironstone (Superior Fe) occurrence consists of rhythmically-layered hematite, magsahte, and siderite in layers up lo 4 cm thick which occur in bleached Early Proterozoic quartzite (Bruce Hickok, T.K. Bindtzen, andML. Miller, written commun., 1992). The host rocks are mainly quartzite, garnet-biotite schist, meta felsic volcanic rocks, and amphibolite which are me~orphosed at amphibolite facies. The occurrence is about 150 m long, but is poorly exposed. The Wbuck-Idono terrane which hosts the Canyon Creek ironstone (banded Fe formation) occurrence wnsiats chicfly of rnctmnorpbosed diorite, tonalite, trondhjemite, and granite orthogneiss, subordinate amphibolite, and minor metsedimentary roch (Box and others, 1993; Miller and others, 1991). The metasedimentary rocks of the terrane are mainly quartz-mica schist, marble, garnet amphlbolltc, and minor banded iron formation. The metaplutonic rocks of the terrane yield Early Proterozoit (2.06 to 2.07 Ga) U-Pb zirconages of emplacement (Box and others, 1990; Miller and others, 1991). The Kilbuck-lho terrmu may be a displaced cratodd kagment of either the North America Craton or the North Asian Craton. The Kilbuck-ldono t m is wsibly
Page 1 and 2: I EUSGS science Ior a changing wwld
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS Abstract .................
Page 5 and 6: 5 : 3 . Kedon metall lo genic Belt
Page 7 and 8: Parson and Brisco Barite Vein and G
Page 9 and 10: Overview ..........................
Page 11 and 12: Chepak Granitoid-Related Au Deposit
Page 13 and 14: Origin of and Tectonic Controls for
Page 17 and 18: Au-Ag Epithermal Vein Deposits Asso
Page 19: Metallogenesis and Tectonics of the
Page 22 and 23: and Byalobzhesky (1996). A volume c
Page 24 and 25: 1,079 significant mineral deposits
Page 26 and 27: Acknowledgements We thank the many
Page 28 and 29: 0 --mmm=oRuwrrrur ommmmarUaAll NEr-
Page 30 and 31: Figure 3. Generalized map of mtljor
Page 32 and 33: Archean granulite facies metamorphi
Page 36 and 37: 1 a a - --rich sandstone ~b-Qmg@ner
Page 38 and 39: Origin of and Tectonic Setting for
Page 40 and 41: occur in clastic and impure carbona
Page 42 and 43: Figure 7. Sullivan sedimentary-exha
Page 44 and 45: I 1997a, b, 1998). The massive sulf
Page 46 and 47: Ma which locally form extensive plu
Page 48 and 49: Figure 10. Gerbikanskoe vdcanogenic
Page 52 and 53: from crystalline basement of craton
Page 54 and 55: Figure 13. Howards Pass sedknenWy e
Page 56 and 57: McLean Arm Porphyry Cu-Mo District
Page 58 and 59: [..'......I Surfia'al deposits (Hol
Page 60 and 61: Figwe 16. GeneraCied map of major M
Page 62 and 63: .- *.-* *. . - - ---- -A - EARLY MI
Page 64 and 65: Metallogenic Belt Formed During Col
Page 68 and 69: several tens of meters to 1,300 m l
Page 70 and 71: Goldfarb (197) who interprets that
Page 72 and 73: WTF and Red Mountain Kuroko Massive
Page 74 and 75: interpreted by and as part of a ext
Page 76 and 77: Mount Sicker Metallogenic Belt of K
Page 78 and 79: interpreted as vents. The deposit c
Page 84 and 85:
Origin of and Tectonic Controls for
Page 86 and 87:
hosted in the Yarkhodon subterrane
Page 88 and 89:
origin of the younger Triassic(?) B
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Mississippian age of mineralizalioi
Page 94 and 95:
Monger and Nokleberg, 1996; Noklebe
Page 96 and 97:
1997a, b). Most of the magnesite an
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FL - Finlayson Lakm FR-FmLake LI -
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disseminations in chert, disseminat
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U F~gure 32 GemMzed m p of mejw -ni
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terrane, and by the Stikine Assembl
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Page 108 and 109:
Metallogenic-Tectonic Model for Lat
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. I . r ; 4 ~ (9) During subduction
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Eastern Alaska Range Metallogenic B
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individual flows range from 5 cm to
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occurrence of turbiditic clastic ro
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along the with tectonically-related
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: m- 3- w43 k M- u m u~u) mtl 'M~!A
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island-arc volcanic rocks of the Ni
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-- - //// EpldoW Figure 41. Nickel
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(TC), and Toodoggone (TO) belts whi
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(4) The Angayucham Ocean (Kobuck Se
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lueschist units and the McHugh Comp
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Page 134 and 135:
Figure 46. Lawyers Au-Ag epitiefmel
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
(5) The Angayucham Ocean (Kobuck Se
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Figure 49 Generaltzed map Of mbjm L
Page 142 and 143:
continental-margin terranes which w
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Pokrovskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Vein De
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Granite-porphm and wanits W e ~~ hl
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subordinate adularia, dolomite, cel
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shale, basalt, plagiorhyolite, silt
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ocks and serpentinite which occur a
Page 156 and 157:
interpreted as forming in the Juras
Page 158 and 159:
Fault / Figure 57. Bond Creek and O
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Klukwan-Duke Metallogenic Bett of M
Page 162 and 163:
tonnes of ore mined between 1967 an
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Cariboo Metallogenic Belt of Au Qua
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Sheep Creek Au-Ag Polymetallic Vein
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---. .% of the North American Conti
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- OwiapaasembC Cmhmmmand Cemmcl. an
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in the west-central part of the Rus
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for about 850 krn (ZalishshaL ad oh
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Stanovoy Metallogenic Belt of Grani
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Goryachev, 1995, 1998, 2003) consis
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Altinskoe, Aragochan, Dalnee, Dokhs
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comprises up to 70-80% in some ore
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The Au quartz vein deposits are int
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leucogranite plutons form large, ho
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+ , . Diorite phyry dike (Early ~ta
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- . --- Origin of and Tectonic Cont
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Britannia Metallogenic Belt of Kuro
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Specific Events for Late Early Cret
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Figure 73. Solnechnae Sin qu- ~d~ n
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- Origin of and Tectonic Controls f
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Nome Metallogenic Belt of Au Quartz
Page 202 and 203:
quartz vein deposits of the Souther
Page 204 and 205:
Selwyn Plutonjc Suite. The host roc
Page 206 and 207:
along the western end in the Eagle
Page 208 and 209:
101 Ma (K.M. Dawson, unpublished da
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I Bayonne Metallogenic Belt of Porp
Page 212 and 213:
., (VV) belts. These zones and beb
Page 214 and 215:
I (2) The East Sikhote-Alin (es) co
Page 216 and 217:
Metallogenic Belt Formed in Late Me
Page 218 and 219:
The Pb-Zn polyrnetallu: vein depb a
Page 220 and 221:
olistolith. The deposit is currentl
Page 222 and 223:
the core of the veins, chlorite, Mn
Page 224 and 225:
Tayozhnoe Ag Epithermal Vein Deposi
Page 226 and 227:
Figure 90. lskra deposit Sn polyrne
Page 228 and 229:
- El (Late ~re&ceous) I+ we cmm=s)
Page 230 and 231:
Figure 93. Mnogovershinnoe AMq @pWw
Page 232 and 233:
immed by wehrlite, olivine-magnetit
Page 234 and 235:
Eastern Asia-Arctic Metallogenic Be
Page 236 and 237:
which would be hosted in the early
Page 238 and 239:
Etandzha Porphyry Cu-Mo and Muromet
Page 240 and 241:
0- / Fadt . . Au veins and pods Fig
Page 242 and 243:
Sentachan Clastic-Sediment-Hosted A
Page 244 and 245:
I I I Undifferentiated vdcanic and
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.r . : . -d ' . . ,, $44 . assembla
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closure, the Chukotka supertca&c wa
Page 250 and 251:
- Mgh anglefau#or prsminant Fitwar
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intrude and crosscut both the relat
Page 254 and 255:
Figure 101 8. Ke~ecolt &4W d KemwaI
Page 256 and 257:
Figure 103. Generalized map of majo
Page 258 and 259:
metallogenic belt (SP) which contai
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Eastern Asia-Arctic Metallogenic Be
Page 262 and 263:
Valunistoe Au-Ag Epithermal Vein De
Page 264 and 265:
Lost River Sn-W Skarn and Sn Greise
Page 266 and 267:
Wheeler Creek, Clear Creek, and Zan
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Au veln,and hots spring deposits at
Page 270 and 271:
Chicken Mountain Cu-Au Deposit The
Page 272 and 273:
Chip sample location - Fault / Cont
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A proximate laatbm c#f C h # d ~nar
Page 276 and 277:
0.03 1% Mo; and (3) for a hypogene
Page 278 and 279:
others, 1994c. 1997~). The granitoi
Page 280 and 281:
Cross section - - South greisen zon
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
198 1). The mine at the deposit pro
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Beatson (Latouche) and Ellamar Bess
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
CRETACEOUS Mount Leonard St& gueYtr
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n pJ pRanens. Pd-dc i3 Meeomic .---
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Figure 120. Huckleberry porphyry Cu
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0.15% Cu (ox), 0.127 g/t Au, and 0.
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Zone are 188 million tonnes grading
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Kitsault (B.C. Moly) Porphyry Mo De
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million tonnes grading 0.42% Cu, 0.
Page 304 and 305:
extension. The Coryell Suite is int
Page 306 and 307:
elated deposits. Forming in the bac
Page 308 and 309:
Metallogenic Belts Formed in Tertia
Page 310 and 311:
Hg Deposits Hg deposits occur throu
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Maletoivayam Sulfur-Sulfide Deposit
Page 314 and 315:
Page 316 and 317:
(5) A major orthogonal junction for
Page 318 and 319:
Metallogenic Belts Formed in Tertia
Page 320 and 321:
occur in these tabular, altered sil
Page 322 and 323:
summarlzed above are used by analog
Page 324 and 325:
the Aleutian volcanic belt. The Yak
Page 326 and 327:
metamorphism, anatectic granites, a
Page 328 and 329:
References Cited Abbott, G., 1981,
Page 330 and 331:
Society of America Abstracts with P
Page 332 and 333:
Sciences, North-Eastern lnterdiscip
Page 334 and 335:
Burgoyne, A.A., 1986, geology and e
Page 336 and 337:
Canadian Cordillera, Yukon-northeas
Page 338 and 339:
the Koryak Highlands: Transactions
Page 340 and 341:
during 1984: U.S. Geological Survey
Page 342 and 343:
Northeast Scientific Intergrated Re
Page 344 and 345:
House, G.D., and Ainsworth, B., 199
Page 346 and 347:
International Field Conference in V
Page 348 and 349:
lithosphere in flood basalt genesis
Page 350 and 351:
MacKevett, E.M., Jr., 1978, Geologi
Page 352 and 353:
Miller, M.L., Bundtzen, T.K., and K
Page 354 and 355:
Nekrasov, I.Ya., 1995, Genetic type
Page 357 and 358:
Pakhomova, V.. Silyanik, V., Popov,
Page 359 and 360:
Pollack, John, 1997, Summary report
Page 361 and 362:
1993: British Columbia Geological S
Page 363 and 364:
Schroeter, T.G., 1987, Golden Bear
Page 365 and 366:
Geology of the Liese zone, Pogo pro
Page 367 and 368:
Colorado, Geological Society of Ame
Page 369 and 370:
lnstitute of Mining and Metallurgy
Page 371 and 372:
Anorthosite apatite-Ti-Fe Gabbroic
Page 373 and 374:
TABLE 2. Summary of correlations an
Page 375 and 376:
TABLE 2. Summary of correlations an
Page 377 and 378:
9! TABLE ectonic environment of Pro
Page 379 and 380:
(Abbreviation) Rassokha (RA) Dzhard
Page 381 and 382:
Metallogenic Belt (Abbreviation) Be
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Major Mineral Deposits Types. Envir
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(Abbreviation) Guichon (GU) I Belt
Page 387 and 388:
Major Mineral Deposits Types. Envir
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(Abbreviation) (Significant Mineral
Page 391 and 392:
(Abbreviation) Adycha-Taryn (EAAT)
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~etallo~enic Belt Major Mineral Dep
Page 395 and 396:
Metallogenic Belt (Abbreviation) Ca
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TABLE 4. Significant lode deposits,
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Mineral Deposit Model Major Metals
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Deposit Name Mineral Deposit Model
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Page 405 and 406:
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Deposit Nmme Mineral Deposit Model
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p;. ;A'..* Deposit Name Mineral Dep
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De~osit Name Mineral Deposit Model
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