Metallogenesis and Tectonics of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and ...

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McLean Arm Porphyry Cu-Mo District The McLean Arm porphyry Cu-Mo district (fig. 14) contains a group of porphyry copper-molybdenum deposits which consist of precious metal stockworks and veins at Poison, Ickis, Veta, Apex, and Stone Rock Bay prospects in the central part of a northwest-trending belt of middle Paleozoic, multi- phase plutons composed of pyroxenite, syenite, quartz monzonite, and mixed intermediate-composition igneous rocks. The plutonic rocks intrude the clastic rocks of the Descon Formation on the extreme tip of southern Prince of Wales Island. The central part of the complex which contains the deposits is mainly syenite. The altered and mineralized syenite at Stone Rock Bay has a a U-Pb zircon age of436 Ma (Gehrels. 1992). The sulfide deposits occur mainly in stockwork which occurs along joints and faults which strike 25" or 295" and dip steeply. The deposits and their host joints and faults appear to be related to a concentric alteration zone, of about 5 km2 area, with a carbonate-albite center, and an albite and sericite rim. The higher grade veins and stockwork range from 0.4 to 5.6% Cu, 0.01 to 0.08% Mo, and 2.1 to 1 1.0 g/t Au. Anomalous Ag, Pt, Bi, Te, and base metals also occur in the deposits (MacKevett, 1963; F.D. Forgeron and L.W. Leroy, written commun., 1971; T.K. Bundtzen, unpublished data, 1990; Nokleberg and others, 1995a). Soil sampling, trenching, and limited diamond drilling done in 1972 suggests a potential for 40 million tonnes of Cu-Mo ore at the Apex zone. Polymetallic Vein, Skarn, and Disseminated Deposits in Paleozoic Plutons at Klakas Inlet and Kassan Peninsula A suite of polymetallic vein, skam, and disseminated deposits, which form part of the Prince of Wales Island metallogenic belt, are associated with Silurian or older alaskite and granodiorite in Klakas Inlet. The granodiorite, with a minimum K-Ar isotopic age of 428 Ma (Turner and others, 1977). contains sericite-altered veinlets of chalcopyrite, molybdenite, and galena in a I00 mZ area. The deposit contains up to 0.23% Cu, 0.06% molybdenum, 0.05% Co, 0.05% Sn, and 0.01% W. The high Sn and W values occur adjacent to the main Cu and Mo deposits (Herreid and others, 1978). A suite of polymetallic Cu vein, Cu-Fe (magnetite) skam, and disseminated deposits also occurs in or near altered Late Ordovician to Early Silurian, intermediate-composition plutons on Kasaan Peninsula. About 607,690 tonnes of Fe and Cu ore were mined in this area prior to World War 11 (Warner and Goddard, 1961). Most of the deposits consist of irregular bodies of magnetite, chalcopyrite, and pyrite, and contain lesser amounts of sphalerite and galena. The deposits contain minor Au and Ag, and generally occur in skarn associated with alkali gabbro, diorite, and granodiorite. The plutonic rocks exhibit U-Pb zircon isotopic ages ranging from the Late Ordovician to the Early Silurian (Gehrels and Berg, 1992). The largest skarn deposit in the area occurs at the Mount Andrew-Mamie mine, the biggest Cu producer in the district (Bundtzen, 1978). The deposits in this area are associated with peripheral polymetallic veins and stockworks which contain chalcopyrite and pyrite, and Au values. Concentric magnetic anomalies in the area are interpreted by Warner and Goddard (1961) as reflecting as a buried porphyry Cu deposit. Salt Chuck Zoned Mafic-Ultramafic CU-Au-PGE Deposit The Salt Chuck zoned mafic-ultramafic Cu-Au-PGE deposit (fig. 15) consists of irregularly and randomly distributed veinlets of bornite and associated minor chalcopyrite, chalcocite, covellite, native copper, and magmatic magnetite (Donald Grybeck and David A. Brew, written commun., 1985; Loney and others, 1987; Loney and Himmelberg, 1992; Foley and others, 1997). The deposit produced about 300,000 tonnes grading 0.95% Cu, 1.2 g/t Au, 5.8 g/t Ag, 2.2 g/t PGE (mainly Pd and Pt), and produced 610,400 g PGE from 1907 to 1941. The sulfides and oxides occur as disseminations and along cracks and fractures in pipe-like late Paleozoic or Mesozoic gabbro-clinopyroxenite stock intruding Silurian metagraywacke. Clinopyroxenite and gabbro grade irregularly into one another. Bornite, the principal sulfide; occurs mainly as interstitial grains in clinopyroxenite in amounts up to 15 percent. Extensive, late magmatic or hydrothermal epidote veins occur in gabbro and clinopyroxenite. Low-K, altered biotite from clinopyroxenite has a K-Ar isotopic age of 429 Ma. The deposit is interpreted to be magmatic, however, considerable hydrothermal remobilization of sulfides has occurred.
t. %sped, of &pCS& m g principle cammiitis Late Silurian or older Figure 14. McLean Arm polphyry Cu-Mo district, Prince of Wales Island rnetallogenic belt, Southeasterr, Alaska. Adapted fKKn MacKevett (1963), Getuels {1992), T.K. Bundtzen, F.D. Forgeran, and L.W. LeRoy (written comm., 1993), and WWrg arld 0th- (1995).
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I EUSGS science Ior a changing wwld
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CONTENTS Abstract .................
Page 5 and 6: 5 : 3 . Kedon metall lo genic Belt
Page 7 and 8: Parson and Brisco Barite Vein and G
Page 9 and 10: Overview ..........................
Page 11 and 12: Chepak Granitoid-Related Au Deposit
Page 13 and 14: Origin of and Tectonic Controls for
Page 17 and 18: Au-Ag Epithermal Vein Deposits Asso
Page 19: Metallogenesis and Tectonics of the
Page 22 and 23: and Byalobzhesky (1996). A volume c
Page 24 and 25: 1,079 significant mineral deposits
Page 26 and 27: Acknowledgements We thank the many
Page 28 and 29: 0 --mmm=oRuwrrrur ommmmarUaAll NEr-
Page 30 and 31: Figure 3. Generalized map of mtljor
Page 32 and 33: Archean granulite facies metamorphi
Page 34 and 35: Figure 5. Oroek sediment-h section
Page 36 and 37: 1 a a - --rich sandstone ~b-Qmg@ner
Page 38 and 39: Origin of and Tectonic Setting for
Page 40 and 41: occur in clastic and impure carbona
Page 42 and 43: Figure 7. Sullivan sedimentary-exha
Page 44 and 45: I 1997a, b, 1998). The massive sulf
Page 46 and 47: Ma which locally form extensive plu
Page 48 and 49: Figure 10. Gerbikanskoe vdcanogenic
Page 52 and 53: from crystalline basement of craton
Page 54 and 55: Figure 13. Howards Pass sedknenWy e
Page 58 and 59: [..'......I Surfia'al deposits (Hol
Page 60 and 61: Figwe 16. GeneraCied map of major M
Page 62 and 63: .- *.-* *. . - - ---- -A - EARLY MI
Page 64 and 65: Metallogenic Belt Formed During Col
Page 68 and 69: several tens of meters to 1,300 m l
Page 70 and 71: Goldfarb (197) who interprets that
Page 72 and 73: WTF and Red Mountain Kuroko Massive
Page 74 and 75: interpreted by and as part of a ext
Page 76 and 77: Mount Sicker Metallogenic Belt of K
Page 78 and 79: interpreted as vents. The deposit c
Page 86 and 87: hosted in the Yarkhodon subterrane
Page 88 and 89: origin of the younger Triassic(?) B
Page 92 and 93: Mississippian age of mineralizalioi
Page 94 and 95: Monger and Nokleberg, 1996; Noklebe
Page 96 and 97: 1997a, b). Most of the magnesite an
Page 98 and 99: FL - Finlayson Lakm FR-FmLake LI -
Page 100 and 101: disseminations in chert, disseminat
Page 102 and 103: U F~gure 32 GemMzed m p of mejw -ni
Page 104 and 105: terrane, and by the Stikine Assembl
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Origin of and Tectonic Controls for
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Metallogenic-Tectonic Model for Lat
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. I . r ; 4 ~ (9) During subduction
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Eastern Alaska Range Metallogenic B
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individual flows range from 5 cm to
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occurrence of turbiditic clastic ro
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along the with tectonically-related
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: m- 3- w43 k M- u m u~u) mtl 'M~!A
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island-arc volcanic rocks of the Ni
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-- - //// EpldoW Figure 41. Nickel
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(TC), and Toodoggone (TO) belts whi
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(4) The Angayucham Ocean (Kobuck Se
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lueschist units and the McHugh Comp
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Page 134 and 135:
Figure 46. Lawyers Au-Ag epitiefmel
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(5) The Angayucham Ocean (Kobuck Se
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Figure 49 Generaltzed map Of mbjm L
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continental-margin terranes which w
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Pokrovskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Vein De
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Page 148 and 149:
Granite-porphm and wanits W e ~~ hl
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subordinate adularia, dolomite, cel
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shale, basalt, plagiorhyolite, silt
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ocks and serpentinite which occur a
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interpreted as forming in the Juras
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Fault / Figure 57. Bond Creek and O
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Klukwan-Duke Metallogenic Bett of M
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tonnes of ore mined between 1967 an
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Cariboo Metallogenic Belt of Au Qua
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Sheep Creek Au-Ag Polymetallic Vein
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---. .% of the North American Conti
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- OwiapaasembC Cmhmmmand Cemmcl. an
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in the west-central part of the Rus
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for about 850 krn (ZalishshaL ad oh
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Stanovoy Metallogenic Belt of Grani
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Goryachev, 1995, 1998, 2003) consis
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Altinskoe, Aragochan, Dalnee, Dokhs
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comprises up to 70-80% in some ore
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The Au quartz vein deposits are int
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leucogranite plutons form large, ho
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+ , . Diorite phyry dike (Early ~ta
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- . --- Origin of and Tectonic Cont
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Britannia Metallogenic Belt of Kuro
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Specific Events for Late Early Cret
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Figure 73. Solnechnae Sin qu- ~d~ n
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- Origin of and Tectonic Controls f
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Nome Metallogenic Belt of Au Quartz
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quartz vein deposits of the Souther
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Selwyn Plutonjc Suite. The host roc
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along the western end in the Eagle
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101 Ma (K.M. Dawson, unpublished da
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I Bayonne Metallogenic Belt of Porp
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., (VV) belts. These zones and beb
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I (2) The East Sikhote-Alin (es) co
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Metallogenic Belt Formed in Late Me
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The Pb-Zn polyrnetallu: vein depb a
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olistolith. The deposit is currentl
Page 222 and 223:
the core of the veins, chlorite, Mn
Page 224 and 225:
Tayozhnoe Ag Epithermal Vein Deposi
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Figure 90. lskra deposit Sn polyrne
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- El (Late ~re&ceous) I+ we cmm=s)
Page 230 and 231:
Figure 93. Mnogovershinnoe AMq @pWw
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immed by wehrlite, olivine-magnetit
Page 234 and 235:
Eastern Asia-Arctic Metallogenic Be
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which would be hosted in the early
Page 238 and 239:
Etandzha Porphyry Cu-Mo and Muromet
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0- / Fadt . . Au veins and pods Fig
Page 242 and 243:
Sentachan Clastic-Sediment-Hosted A
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I I I Undifferentiated vdcanic and
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.r . : . -d ' . . ,, $44 . assembla
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closure, the Chukotka supertca&c wa
Page 250 and 251:
- Mgh anglefau#or prsminant Fitwar
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intrude and crosscut both the relat
Page 254 and 255:
Figure 101 8. Ke~ecolt &4W d KemwaI
Page 256 and 257:
Figure 103. Generalized map of majo
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metallogenic belt (SP) which contai
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Eastern Asia-Arctic Metallogenic Be
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Valunistoe Au-Ag Epithermal Vein De
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Lost River Sn-W Skarn and Sn Greise
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Wheeler Creek, Clear Creek, and Zan
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Au veln,and hots spring deposits at
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Chicken Mountain Cu-Au Deposit The
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Chip sample location - Fault / Cont
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A proximate laatbm c#f C h # d ~nar
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0.03 1% Mo; and (3) for a hypogene
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others, 1994c. 1997~). The granitoi
Page 280 and 281:
Cross section - - South greisen zon
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Page 284 and 285:
198 1). The mine at the deposit pro
Page 286 and 287:
Beatson (Latouche) and Ellamar Bess
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Page 290 and 291:
CRETACEOUS Mount Leonard St& gueYtr
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n pJ pRanens. Pd-dc i3 Meeomic .---
Page 294 and 295:
Figure 120. Huckleberry porphyry Cu
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0.15% Cu (ox), 0.127 g/t Au, and 0.
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Zone are 188 million tonnes grading
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Kitsault (B.C. Moly) Porphyry Mo De
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million tonnes grading 0.42% Cu, 0.
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extension. The Coryell Suite is int
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elated deposits. Forming in the bac
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Metallogenic Belts Formed in Tertia
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Hg Deposits Hg deposits occur throu
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Maletoivayam Sulfur-Sulfide Deposit
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Page 316 and 317:
(5) A major orthogonal junction for
Page 318 and 319:
Metallogenic Belts Formed in Tertia
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occur in these tabular, altered sil
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summarlzed above are used by analog
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the Aleutian volcanic belt. The Yak
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metamorphism, anatectic granites, a
Page 328 and 329:
References Cited Abbott, G., 1981,
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Society of America Abstracts with P
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Sciences, North-Eastern lnterdiscip
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Burgoyne, A.A., 1986, geology and e
Page 336 and 337:
Canadian Cordillera, Yukon-northeas
Page 338 and 339:
the Koryak Highlands: Transactions
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during 1984: U.S. Geological Survey
Page 342 and 343:
Northeast Scientific Intergrated Re
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House, G.D., and Ainsworth, B., 199
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International Field Conference in V
Page 348 and 349:
lithosphere in flood basalt genesis
Page 350 and 351:
MacKevett, E.M., Jr., 1978, Geologi
Page 352 and 353:
Miller, M.L., Bundtzen, T.K., and K
Page 354 and 355:
Nekrasov, I.Ya., 1995, Genetic type
Page 357 and 358:
Pakhomova, V.. Silyanik, V., Popov,
Page 359 and 360:
Pollack, John, 1997, Summary report
Page 361 and 362:
1993: British Columbia Geological S
Page 363 and 364:
Schroeter, T.G., 1987, Golden Bear
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Geology of the Liese zone, Pogo pro
Page 367 and 368:
Colorado, Geological Society of Ame
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lnstitute of Mining and Metallurgy
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Anorthosite apatite-Ti-Fe Gabbroic
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TABLE 2. Summary of correlations an
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TABLE 2. Summary of correlations an
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9! TABLE ectonic environment of Pro
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(Abbreviation) Rassokha (RA) Dzhard
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Metallogenic Belt (Abbreviation) Be
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Major Mineral Deposits Types. Envir
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(Abbreviation) Guichon (GU) I Belt
Page 387 and 388:
Major Mineral Deposits Types. Envir
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(Abbreviation) (Significant Mineral
Page 391 and 392:
(Abbreviation) Adycha-Taryn (EAAT)
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~etallo~enic Belt Major Mineral Dep
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Metallogenic Belt (Abbreviation) Ca
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TABLE 4. Significant lode deposits,
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Mineral Deposit Model Major Metals
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Deposit Name Mineral Deposit Model
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Deposit Nmme Mineral Deposit Model
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p;. ;A'..* Deposit Name Mineral Dep
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De~osit Name Mineral Deposit Model
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