Metallogenesis and Tectonics of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and ...

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- El (Late ~re&ceous) I+ we cmm=s) Tuff and i nimbrite ~ 8 o d ~ Figure 92. Arsenyevskoe Sn r i l ~ veln t dBpqlt, ~ ~ Lu- mWlbgedc belt. bsdien- 5ldwmMbgeolaglC map. Adapted from Ratkin (1995). Yantamoe Porphyry Sn Depo~lti Porphyry Sn deposits, aa at YaaUmoe, o&ux m tht norlher4 part of the Lu&km&y kk T.%MC &.jwd# an p dy studied, although they are vary pm&hg ewmmhUy. ~~~ dcp&ir mdbWf, l988), wmklX6 afv- d lsseminatmns of usaitenre a d sultide miawslo in a pipdiku brat@ and a vdcruk ~ ~ z d ~ ~ rhyolite which inlrude tiarb Cre(ae~c~la &uric &mfmy mddi. ' - " -': -d wi'h d@ b Iho pipe-like bdy and volcanic b d ad prd~&nb@ p-. The plOL h d db &an explosive breccirr ad cowh$ a f ~ m @-chkict, ~ c ~ d k rmb -R , - dtw & a sulfide-fiee casrileritc-chbri~ smmtthge, md a Eb@ym%k dhgc ti& wi& d chalcopyrite. l k host ipxm rocks an spddly mLtcd lo ~OcaniE vents dPaleaca~t &e urirh kAi w c agw - of about bf Ma. The deposit k mmll, Avemp gradts are 0.1-2.17% a, 0.03-1.02% Pb, 7.3% Sn, ad 0.7-3.22% a. Also in the spmc area aw yowqer, gmwdy mrzmmmk So greiscn m m w a K-Ar l$W#& 4$m &&5@ h#a age. In addition to Sn daposi4 dzt mrtbero parl of he Ldtkkky mehbgu~ belt +dudes rpatv mdmm CU as at Verkhnezolotot, me aaaosialad Hitlp QQ . . ' d hrmim mmzdde in the h-pgrt dlbs bitcx.tank Uh-aS. Thaw Cw & wiL the Sn deposits oE Ulc Luzhkhky meaallopk belt, h t prtt~~~~tddy d h t the errromalous &-ti& thi%W&b dtha crceenic Samarka terrane. v - the Samarka accretimary-wt@c Wrrmc which cwtaim
Origin of and Tectonic Controls for Luzhkinsky Metallogenic Belt The Luzhkinsky metallogenic belt hosts the Kavalerovo ore district whlch has produced about 30% of the tin mined in the former USSR (Gonevchuk and Kokorin, 1998). The belt is interpreted as forming in the back-arc part of the East Sikhote-Alin volcanic plutonic belt which forms a major continental-margin arc in the Russian Southeast. The Cretaceous granitoid rocks hosting the Luzhklnsky metallogenic belt are part of the East Sikhote-Alin volcanicplutonic belt (fig. 79) of Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary age (Gonevchuk and Kokorin, 1998) which is described in the above section the origin of the Taukha metallogenic belt. Other related, coeval metallogenic belts hosted in the East-Sikhote-Allne volcanic belt are the Kema (KM), Lower Amur, Sergeevka (SG), and Taukha (TK) belts (fig. 79; table 3). The differences between the coeval metallogenic belts are interpreted as the result the igneous rocks which host these metallogenic belts intruding different bedrock. In contrast, to the nearby Kema metallogenic belt, the Luzhkinsky metallogenic belt occurs in the part of the East Sikhote-Alin igneous belt which intrudes the southern part of the Zuravlevksk-Tumnin turbidite basin terrane (fig. 79) (Nokleberg and others, 1994c, 1997~). Additional possible controls for the Luzhkinsky metallogenic belt are: (1) the turbidite deposits in the Zuravlevksk-Tumnin terrane are enriched in Sn; and (2) the Luzhinsky belt occurs in the back-arc part of the East Sikhote-Alin igneous belt in which magnetite-series granitoid rocks predominate. Lower Arnur Metallogenic Belt of Au-Ag Epithermal Vein, Porphyry Cu, and Sn Greisen Deposits (Belt LA) Northern Part of Russian Southeast The Lower Amur metallogenic belt of Au-Ag epithermal vein, porphyry Cu, and Sn Greisen deposits (fig. 79; tables 3,4) occurs in the northern part of the Russian Southeast. The deposits in the metallogenic belt are hosted in or near mid- and Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary granitoid igneous rocks of the East Sikhote-Alln volcanic-plutonic belt which intrude or overlie the Amur River and Kiselyovka-Manoma accretionary-wedge terranes. The major Au-Ag epithermal vein deposits are at Belaya Gora, Bukhtyanskoe, and Mnogovershinnoe; a porphyry Cu deposit is at Tyrskoe, and a Sn greisen deposit is at Bichinskoe (table 4) (Nokleberg and others 1997a, b, 1998). The Au-Ag epithermal vein deposits, as at Mnogovershinnoe, range from medium to large size and are generally hosted in Paleocene alkaline granitoid rocks which are closely associated with coeval andesite to dacite volcanic rocks. Some Au-Ag epithermal vein deposits are associated with Eocene and Oligocene volcanism (Khomich and others, 1989). The Au-Ag epithermal vein deposits, as at Belaya Gora and Bukhtyanskoe, are closely associated with rhyolite and trachyrhyolite flows and vent rocks which are commonly hydrothermally-altered to siliceous and adularia phases. Au is either disseminated throughout the hydrothermally-altered rocks or is concentrated in small quartz veins. The adularia phases also locally contain Au. Placer Au deposits, as at Kolchanskoe, Ulskoe, and Oemku, are associated with the Au-Ag epithermal vein deposits. In addition to the Au- Ag epithermal vein deposits, the Lower Arnur metallogenic belt includes few small W skarn, porphyry Cu, and Sn greisen deposits which are all hosted in or near Paleogene alkaline granitoid rocks. Mnogovershinnoe Au-Ag Epithermal Vein Deposit The large Mnogovershinnoe Au-Ag epithermal vein deposit (fig. 93) (Zalishchak and others, 1978) consists of hydrothermalIy altered, adularia-sericite-quartz vein-like zones up to 800 m long. The zones contain a series of adularia-quartz veins and veinlets. Some ore bodies consist of rhodonite-carbonate veins, and lenses of skams and sulfides. The ore minerals include pyrite, marcasite, gold, argentite, Au- and Ag-tellurides, galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, and freibergite. The ore minerals comprise up to 1% of veins. The Au:Ag ratio is I: 1. The deposit is hosted in Paleocene andesite-dacite which is genetically related to a multiphase intrusion of highly alkaline granitoid rocks. K-Ar isotopic studies indicate an age of mineralization of 49 to 69 Ma. During formation of local Au-bearing skams, which presumably formed during intrusion of Paleogene subalkaline granites, Au was remobilized (Ivanov and others, 1989). Placer Au deposits are associated with the Au-Ag epithermal vein deposits. Belaya Gora AU-Ag Epithermal Vein Deposit The mediurn-size Belaya Gora Au-Ag epithermal vein deposit (Mel'nikov, 1978) consists of disseminated and stockwork- type Au-Ag ore which occurs in extrusive bodies of subalkalic rhyolite-dacite and explosive breccia of an Eocene-Oligocene igneous complex. Alteration minerals are quartz (50-90%), kaolinite, dickite, sericite, hydromica, and adularia. The ore minerals are gold, silver, argentite, pyrite, marcasite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, hematite, and cinnabar. The ore assemblages are Au- quartz and Au-sulfosalts-sulfide-quartz. Gold distribution is highly irregular and the ore bodies do not have clear boundaries. The deposit extends to 100 m deep.
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I EUSGS science Ior a changing wwld
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CONTENTS Abstract .................
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5 : 3 . Kedon metall lo genic Belt
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Parson and Brisco Barite Vein and G
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Overview ..........................
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Chepak Granitoid-Related Au Deposit
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Origin of and Tectonic Controls for
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Au-Ag Epithermal Vein Deposits Asso
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Metallogenesis and Tectonics of the
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and Byalobzhesky (1996). A volume c
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1,079 significant mineral deposits
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Acknowledgements We thank the many
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0 --mmm=oRuwrrrur ommmmarUaAll NEr-
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Figure 3. Generalized map of mtljor
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Archean granulite facies metamorphi
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Figure 5. Oroek sediment-h section
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1 a a - --rich sandstone ~b-Qmg@ner
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Origin of and Tectonic Setting for
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occur in clastic and impure carbona
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Figure 7. Sullivan sedimentary-exha
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I 1997a, b, 1998). The massive sulf
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Ma which locally form extensive plu
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Figure 10. Gerbikanskoe vdcanogenic
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from crystalline basement of craton
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Figure 13. Howards Pass sedknenWy e
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McLean Arm Porphyry Cu-Mo District
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[..'......I Surfia'al deposits (Hol
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Figwe 16. GeneraCied map of major M
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.- *.-* *. . - - ---- -A - EARLY MI
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Metallogenic Belt Formed During Col
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several tens of meters to 1,300 m l
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Goldfarb (197) who interprets that
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WTF and Red Mountain Kuroko Massive
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interpreted by and as part of a ext
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Mount Sicker Metallogenic Belt of K
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interpreted as vents. The deposit c
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hosted in the Yarkhodon subterrane
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origin of the younger Triassic(?) B
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Mississippian age of mineralizalioi
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Monger and Nokleberg, 1996; Noklebe
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1997a, b). Most of the magnesite an
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FL - Finlayson Lakm FR-FmLake LI -
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disseminations in chert, disseminat
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U F~gure 32 GemMzed m p of mejw -ni
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terrane, and by the Stikine Assembl
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Metallogenic-Tectonic Model for Lat
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. I . r ; 4 ~ (9) During subduction
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Eastern Alaska Range Metallogenic B
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individual flows range from 5 cm to
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occurrence of turbiditic clastic ro
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along the with tectonically-related
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: m- 3- w43 k M- u m u~u) mtl 'M~!A
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island-arc volcanic rocks of the Ni
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-- - //// EpldoW Figure 41. Nickel
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(TC), and Toodoggone (TO) belts whi
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(4) The Angayucham Ocean (Kobuck Se
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lueschist units and the McHugh Comp
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Figure 46. Lawyers Au-Ag epitiefmel
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(5) The Angayucham Ocean (Kobuck Se
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Figure 49 Generaltzed map Of mbjm L
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continental-margin terranes which w
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Pokrovskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Vein De
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Granite-porphm and wanits W e ~~ hl
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subordinate adularia, dolomite, cel
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shale, basalt, plagiorhyolite, silt
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ocks and serpentinite which occur a
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interpreted as forming in the Juras
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Fault / Figure 57. Bond Creek and O
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Klukwan-Duke Metallogenic Bett of M
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tonnes of ore mined between 1967 an
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Cariboo Metallogenic Belt of Au Qua
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Sheep Creek Au-Ag Polymetallic Vein
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---. .% of the North American Conti
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- OwiapaasembC Cmhmmmand Cemmcl. an
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in the west-central part of the Rus
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for about 850 krn (ZalishshaL ad oh
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Stanovoy Metallogenic Belt of Grani
Page 178 and 179: Goryachev, 1995, 1998, 2003) consis
Page 180 and 181: Altinskoe, Aragochan, Dalnee, Dokhs
Page 182 and 183: comprises up to 70-80% in some ore
Page 184 and 185: The Au quartz vein deposits are int
Page 186 and 187: leucogranite plutons form large, ho
Page 188 and 189: + , . Diorite phyry dike (Early ~ta
Page 190 and 191: - . --- Origin of and Tectonic Cont
Page 192 and 193: Britannia Metallogenic Belt of Kuro
Page 194 and 195: Specific Events for Late Early Cret
Page 196 and 197: Figure 73. Solnechnae Sin qu- ~d~ n
Page 198 and 199: - Origin of and Tectonic Controls f
Page 200 and 201: Nome Metallogenic Belt of Au Quartz
Page 202 and 203: quartz vein deposits of the Souther
Page 204 and 205: Selwyn Plutonjc Suite. The host roc
Page 206 and 207: along the western end in the Eagle
Page 208 and 209: 101 Ma (K.M. Dawson, unpublished da
Page 210 and 211: I Bayonne Metallogenic Belt of Porp
Page 212 and 213: ., (VV) belts. These zones and beb
Page 214 and 215: I (2) The East Sikhote-Alin (es) co
Page 216 and 217: Metallogenic Belt Formed in Late Me
Page 218 and 219: The Pb-Zn polyrnetallu: vein depb a
Page 220 and 221: olistolith. The deposit is currentl
Page 222 and 223: the core of the veins, chlorite, Mn
Page 224 and 225: Tayozhnoe Ag Epithermal Vein Deposi
Page 226 and 227: Figure 90. lskra deposit Sn polyrne
Page 230 and 231: Figure 93. Mnogovershinnoe AMq @pWw
Page 232 and 233: immed by wehrlite, olivine-magnetit
Page 234 and 235: Eastern Asia-Arctic Metallogenic Be
Page 236 and 237: which would be hosted in the early
Page 238 and 239: Etandzha Porphyry Cu-Mo and Muromet
Page 240 and 241: 0- / Fadt . . Au veins and pods Fig
Page 242 and 243: Sentachan Clastic-Sediment-Hosted A
Page 244 and 245: I I I Undifferentiated vdcanic and
Page 246 and 247: .r . : . -d ' . . ,, $44 . assembla
Page 248 and 249: closure, the Chukotka supertca&c wa
Page 250 and 251: - Mgh anglefau#or prsminant Fitwar
Page 252 and 253: intrude and crosscut both the relat
Page 254 and 255: Figure 101 8. Ke~ecolt &4W d KemwaI
Page 256 and 257: Figure 103. Generalized map of majo
Page 258 and 259: metallogenic belt (SP) which contai
Page 260 and 261: Eastern Asia-Arctic Metallogenic Be
Page 262 and 263: Valunistoe Au-Ag Epithermal Vein De
Page 264 and 265: Lost River Sn-W Skarn and Sn Greise
Page 266 and 267: Wheeler Creek, Clear Creek, and Zan
Page 268 and 269: Au veln,and hots spring deposits at
Page 270 and 271: Chicken Mountain Cu-Au Deposit The
Page 272 and 273: Chip sample location - Fault / Cont
Page 274 and 275: A proximate laatbm c#f C h # d ~nar
Page 276 and 277: 0.03 1% Mo; and (3) for a hypogene
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others, 1994c. 1997~). The granitoi
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Cross section - - South greisen zon
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198 1). The mine at the deposit pro
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Beatson (Latouche) and Ellamar Bess
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CRETACEOUS Mount Leonard St& gueYtr
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n pJ pRanens. Pd-dc i3 Meeomic .---
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Figure 120. Huckleberry porphyry Cu
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0.15% Cu (ox), 0.127 g/t Au, and 0.
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Zone are 188 million tonnes grading
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Kitsault (B.C. Moly) Porphyry Mo De
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million tonnes grading 0.42% Cu, 0.
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extension. The Coryell Suite is int
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elated deposits. Forming in the bac
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Metallogenic Belts Formed in Tertia
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Hg Deposits Hg deposits occur throu
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Maletoivayam Sulfur-Sulfide Deposit
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(5) A major orthogonal junction for
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Metallogenic Belts Formed in Tertia
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occur in these tabular, altered sil
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summarlzed above are used by analog
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the Aleutian volcanic belt. The Yak
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metamorphism, anatectic granites, a
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References Cited Abbott, G., 1981,
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Society of America Abstracts with P
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Sciences, North-Eastern lnterdiscip
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Burgoyne, A.A., 1986, geology and e
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Canadian Cordillera, Yukon-northeas
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the Koryak Highlands: Transactions
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during 1984: U.S. Geological Survey
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Northeast Scientific Intergrated Re
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House, G.D., and Ainsworth, B., 199
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International Field Conference in V
Page 348 and 349:
lithosphere in flood basalt genesis
Page 350 and 351:
MacKevett, E.M., Jr., 1978, Geologi
Page 352 and 353:
Miller, M.L., Bundtzen, T.K., and K
Page 354 and 355:
Nekrasov, I.Ya., 1995, Genetic type
Page 357 and 358:
Pakhomova, V.. Silyanik, V., Popov,
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Pollack, John, 1997, Summary report
Page 361 and 362:
1993: British Columbia Geological S
Page 363 and 364:
Schroeter, T.G., 1987, Golden Bear
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Geology of the Liese zone, Pogo pro
Page 367 and 368:
Colorado, Geological Society of Ame
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lnstitute of Mining and Metallurgy
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Anorthosite apatite-Ti-Fe Gabbroic
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TABLE 2. Summary of correlations an
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TABLE 2. Summary of correlations an
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9! TABLE ectonic environment of Pro
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(Abbreviation) Rassokha (RA) Dzhard
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Metallogenic Belt (Abbreviation) Be
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Major Mineral Deposits Types. Envir
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(Abbreviation) Guichon (GU) I Belt
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Major Mineral Deposits Types. Envir
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(Abbreviation) (Significant Mineral
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(Abbreviation) Adycha-Taryn (EAAT)
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~etallo~enic Belt Major Mineral Dep
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Metallogenic Belt (Abbreviation) Ca
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TABLE 4. Significant lode deposits,
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Mineral Deposit Model Major Metals
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Deposit Name Mineral Deposit Model
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Deposit Nmme Mineral Deposit Model
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p;. ;A'..* Deposit Name Mineral Dep
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Page 425:
De~osit Name Mineral Deposit Model
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