Metallogenesis and Tectonics of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and ...

Acknowledgements
We thank the many geologists with whom we have worked for their valuable expertise in each region of Alaska, the
Russian Far East, Hokkaido lshnd of Japan, the Candan Cordillera, and the U.S.A. Pacific Northwest. We also thank our
managers who have so k~ndly supporfd our project studies. Specifically, we thank J.N. Aleinikoff, Yu.V. Arkhipov, H.C. Berg,
R.B. Blodgetl, S.E. Box, D.A. Brew, M.D. Butgakwa, Ch. B. Borukaev, D.C. Bradley, Howard Brooks, J. Decker, JM. Duke,
Cynthia Dusel-Bacon, Robert B. Forbes, H.L. Foster, J.M. Franklin, V.V. Oaiduk, B.M. Gamble, V.V. Golozubov, Arthur Grantz,
D.G. Howell, C. W. Jefferson, D.L. Jones, S.M. Karl, S.V. Kovalenko, W.C. McClelland, E.M. MacKevett, Jr., A.V. Makhinin,
M.V. Martynyuk, M.L. Miller, T.P. Miller. L.Ph. hhio, E.J. Moll-Stalcup, T.E. Moore, S.W. Nelson, V.S. Ohman, S.A.
Palanjan, I.V. Panchenko, T.L. Pavlis, L1. Popeko, A.V. Prokopiev, J.C. Reed, Jr., D.H. Richter, S.M. Roeske, N.J. Silberling, the
late G.M. Sosunov, A.B. Till, F.F. Tret'yakov, A.N. Vishnevskiy, I.G. Volkodav, W.K. Wallace, G.R. Winkler, the late L.P.
Zonenshain, and Yu.P. Zmievsky for their many beneficial discussions. We thank the late Ch.B Borykaev, the late William R.
Greenwood, Donald Grybeck, B.A. Morgan lII,I.Ya. Nehasov, A.T. Ovenshine, P.P. Hearn, T.E. Smith, D.J. Templeman-Kluit,
and W.H. White for their encouragement and support of the project. We thank S.G. Byalobzhesky, A. Grantz, KG. Mackey. B.A.
Natal'in, L.M. Natapov, G. Platker, W.W. Patton, Jr., S.D. Sokolov, C.M. Sosunov, R.W. Tabor, N.V. Tsukanov, and T.L. Vallier
for their very fine work on the detailed terrane and overlap assemblage map of the Circurn-North Pacific (Nokleberg and others,
1994a) and for many d~scussions of the iectonics of &he region. We thank various Russian interpreters, including the late Lidiya I.
Kovbas, Tatyana L. Koryakina, Tatyana N. Velikoda, Elena P. Burak, and Elena V. Alekseenko far their skilled assistance during
long and complex scientific dialogues, and for transktion of complex geologic descriptions and references. We thank B.A.
Natal'in for participation m the compilation and synthesis of a portion of the Russian Southeast part of the teme map of the
Circum-North Pacific. We thank Julie A. Nddeberg for compugr drafting of most of the metallogenic belt figures, and for the
most of the mineral deposit figures for Alaska and he Russian Far East. We thank Richard D. Lancaster and Kim Nguyep of the
Geological Survey of Canada for computer drafting of the lode minerd deposit figures for the Canadian Cordillera. We thank
Dani Alldrick, Chris Ash, Derek Brown, Lany Diakow, Fil Ferri, Trygve HCiy, Dan Hora, David Lefebure, Jim Logan, Donald
Maclntyre, Bill McMillan, Mitch Mihalynuk, Johe Nelson, Andre Panteleyev, Robert Pinsent, Geny Ray, Paul Schiarizza, and
George Simandl for revisions of mineral deposit descriptions for British Columbia, Canada. We also thank Mad L. Miller,
Suzanne Paradis for their constructive and very helpful reviews.
Introduction to Phanerozoic Metallogenic
and Tectonic Model for the Russian Far
East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera
In the below Phanerozoic (Devonian through Recent) rime-span sections on metallogenesis of the region, m
interpretative model is presented for tbe Phanerazoic rneirUogenic-tectonic evolution of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the
Canadian Cordillera. The model is derived from the below descriptions of metallogenic belts and host rocks, md from a detailed
analysis of the Phanerozoic tectonic evolution of the region (Nokleberg and others, 2000). The metalloge~uc-tectonic model
attempts to: (1) integrate stratigraphic, age, structural. and paleomagnetic data and field reladons for the region; (2) integrate data
on metallogenic belts and contained lode deposits witb host-rock geology and structures; and (3) portray the regional
metallogenic-tectonic interactions between the North Asiaa and North American continents. The model concentrates on the
Devonian through the Present. For more descriptions of the regional geology and tectonics of the region, a detailed analysis was
published by Nokleberg and others (2000).
The metallogenic-tectonic model illustrates: (1) major metallogenic belts superposed, at approximate scale, over major
units, including cratons, craton margins, terranes, and overlap assemblages; (2) geologic units which are proportional to those on
detailed terrane and overlaps assemblage map (Nokleberg and athers, 1994a, 1997b,c; Monger and Noklhrg, 1996); and (3)
known or interpreted displacements along major strike-slip and thrust faults. In most cases, however, the tectonic model does not
incorporate internal deformation of temes or tectonic erosion of terrane margins. In the following des&iiption!4 ofthe
metallogenic-tectonic model, the tectonic features of the model are condensed. For complete description of Wonis features, refer
to the separate publication on Phanerozoic tectonic evolution of the Circum-North Pacific (Nokleberg and others, 2800). A
dynamic (computer) version of the metallogenic-tectonic model is published by Scotese and others (2001).
The metallogen~c-tectonic model provides a guide for future research by: (1) integrating geologic, mined deposit,
metallogenic belt, paleontologic, isotopic, and paleomagnetic data from the Russian Far East, Alaska, the Cmdan CordilIm, the
Pacific Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean; (2) proposing a new, unified interpretation which spans the area from nurhwtem parr of
the North Asian Craton to the northwestern part of the Nor& American Craton; and (3) identifying problems with data and
interpretations. Because of a lack of abundant Proterozoic and older rock units exterior to the craton margins. the madcl staris with
the Devonian. For various published tectonic reconstructions for the Proterozoic, which illustrate highly diffeent global
interpretations, the studies of Hofhan (1989, 1991). Moores (1991), Ross aind others (1992), Scotese (19971, U wg (1997), and
Karlstrom and others (1999) are recommended.
An important complication of terrane recognition and analysis is that the margins of terranes and parts of their pre-
accretionary metallogenic belts, have been tectonically removed, either by dislocation of terranes fhm distant locations, or by