Metallogenesis and Tectonics of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and ...

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+ , . Diorite phyry dike (Early ~taceous) Figure 70. Svetke Au qusrtr vehr depdt. Yem-Kolyfira m&lkQallC Mt, hMbn N13-t mgssw mp &nd awbs section. Adapted h aryachBv (1908). Origin and Tecronk CoMrolr for Yana-Kolym Mr~anic belf The Au q u a vein and assoeirtd &pda of the Yaa-Kolyma meldlegtmic bek o w as hewh& and .(;luqttts which are conb-ollcd by two mjor mt.8 of strikedip hdt mnm wbich &cad dweiit ftx ~ ver 500690~ (~wydb~, 199$, 1998,2003). Sec~ldary conmlling sbuctvrrs are h a extensive, cham d bansverse fadl zones wbi& zuo knded by northwest-trending strike-slp fruit l k hrrgcr Au qndz vtin depoMM gerterdly dccur in ib wrthwmtbadi~ zcws. T"Be Irjaam types of the Au deposits occw m: (I) mindixed dmr zma (hear skxkwwkt) wilb ~QW-grade ores which are not a widespread as tk orber types dore, but mtlin klf of he AA rewea itL the mgh~f; (2) quartz Y&S WW commonly contain higb-gadc om m$ coupsgold rrBCeb me most ~ WHII~~ fw mill& bul coilbin andb rwavw (3) Aubearing, quartz stockwmks in alleral dlb, wilfr h-gde m, but hey OMlsjlr k~- ~~-siB~md~&~ . , D%~~ws; and (4) granitoid-reW Au quartz veins ind gmiPdne with Cow-gradt Au ad srnoic etudd ores The hod r h for he Au quartz vem dtpotits of tk Yw-KaIyatr mehbgmk bck are Fcrmian to JU@SS& bbk sPlaic and tuffaceous sctbeutary rocks which form parl d the K&-Nw ;t~c~etiomy-wedge Wane. The &de@ bdly cbmtain anomalous syn- carbo- met-. Au minerahlion is aaa~eialbd with bud rad low-gmck greenscm Wes . . metamorphism wbich consists of boCh matact and regional, e v e rntlamqduq d b y ~ & i t i y . 1976),, ~ ~ The Au quartz vein ckposita of he Yana-Kolyma m t td rrc EiCgilu ~ to adltT.fkpsits cJfW type tbu&ht the wid. 169
The main kaimes of U~is deposit type are: (1) predominance of quartz; (2) minor amounts of subordinate sulfide minerals, mmly uwnopyritcand pyrite, but a teM& minerals are absent; (3) less than 3-5% sericite, albite, carbonate mineral, andchloritc; and (4) in m y phm, a c ~~bledown-d@ extension of ore with little or no vertical zonation. Mort oitbc Au quariz vein deposits are associated with the low-grade greenschist facies regional mtamarphism. They formed during cdlbioa evmt a h smI1 dikes a d stocks diorite-granodiorite intrusive suites, and befare intrusion dthe granitoid plutans ggrosodiaititcgiaaiie suites, and were subsequently thermally metamorphosed. Consequently, the Yana-Myma Au quartz VO~N deposits are interpreted as being genetically or paragenetically related to the coeval, I-type, diorite dikes a d d granltoid plutons. The Au Ic interpreted as forming of two stage: (1) fiom the hydrothermal fluid generated during metamorphism of xdhernt-bostcd Au which in turn wzs derived from an older period of multi-stage redeposition of Au from ademus mnes of pprhotite d pyrite in SEDEX deposits; and (2) fiom hydrothermal fluid generated during intrusion of the I-typo granitoids. lh @toid-related Au qurrrtz vein deposits are strongly genetically connected to the Late Jurassic and Early Crcta~eous gramclicuite-granite and granileleucogranite plutons (Goryachev, 1998,2003). The Yam-Koiynm metallogenic belt is hosted in rocks upper Paleozoic through middle Mesozoic age of Cbo Yrtna- Kolym~ fold belt in the Khr-Nera accretionary wedge terrane of the Kolyma-Omolon superterrane (Nokiebcrg aad others, 1994e, 1997~; Goryackv, 1998,2003). These units are weakly metamorphosed to lower greenschiat faciw with developcat of mdamapbic chlorite acld biotite. The Au quartz vein, granitoid-related Au, and associated deposits of the Yma-hlym art interprded as hrmbg during syn-collisional regional deformation, metamorphism, and granitoid magmatism &bd with accretion of lhe Kolyma-Om&n superterrane to the North Asian Craton Margin (unit NSV, Verkhoymsk fold belt; Nokltberg and others, 2000). The Sn vein, Sn @isen, W vein deposits, and clastic-sediment-hosted Hg deposits of the Ynna-Rolyma metallogenic belt are interpreted as forming during intrusion of the Early Cretaceous late-collisional (anatectic) granitoid rocks (pnadioritcgranite and granite-Jeucogranite associations) of the Main part of the Verkhoyansk collisional granite belt (unit vk; Nokleberg aod othen, 1994~. 1997~). Alternatively, Babkin (1975) and Berger (1993) interpret that the clastic-sedimmt-hsbwl Hg depoaits of tbe Yana-Kolyma meiallogenic belt formed during a younger event in the Paleocene. Metall~genk Belts Formed During Late Mcsozoic Island Arcs In Russian Northeast and Southeastern Ataeka, and Southern Canadian Cordllera Left Omolon Belt of Porphyry MoCu and Ms-Cu Skarn Deposits ( Ba LO) East-Central P;wt of Russlm Northeast The Left Omdon metallogenic belt of igneous-arc-related deposits is associated with a chain of Early Cretaceous granodiarite slocks and Pmatl bod& which trend northwest for nearly 300 km along the left side of the Omobn River Bash (6g. 61; tabla 3,4) (Nokkbetg md otbm, 1997b, 1998). The major deposit types in the belt are porphyry Mo-Cu md related Md=u skarn deposits. The rignrficwt deposits are at Bcbh and Medgora. The porphyry Mo-Cu deposits are asso~iated wkb Au-A& a d Pb-Zn vein deposits. BeMan Porphyry H a Deposit The Bdxkan porphyry Mo-Cu deposit (Alekseenko, Korobeinikov, and Sidorov, 1990) consists of a st~bork of sulfidequartz veinlets with disseminated molybdenite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, sphalerite, pyrrhotile, menopyrite, bornite, and covtltite. The deposit occurs in an Edy Cretaceous stock of porphyritic granodiorite. The ore body is confined to silicified and sericirizGd rocks mafked by bidite, quark, and orthoclase. The ore body is about 1.5 km by 400-500 m in size aad coincides with the intrusion. A pyrite aureole extends about 1 km from the intrusion and coincides with a zone of propylitk d ~ i oof n &c host Late Jurassic volcmic-scdinrantary sequence. The dwosit is of small to medium size and on the average contains about 0.5% Mo sad 0.7% Cu with minor Pb, Zn, W, Au, and Ag. The Medgora Mo-Cu s h deposit (Gorodimky, Gulevich, and Titov, 1978) consists of disseminated veinkts in s b which is associated with the Early Crclaceous Medgora granite and granodiorite pluton. The met&c rniLleralsare pydte, ~hdcopyrite, rnalybdaitc, py~b&e, m-tiie, hematite, and sphalerite. The skarns are composed of garnet, pymxw, actinolite, scapallte, calcite, quarb, cMorite, epidote, and green mica. Individual ore zones extend from 30 to 160 m. l& deposit is of medium size with gradcs of 0.1 ta 0.64% Mo, 0.94 to 2.94% Cu, and 0.4 g/t Au. The Cu content of he are varica from hundredths of a percent to over 2%.
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I EUSGS science Ior a changing wwld
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CONTENTS Abstract .................
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5 : 3 . Kedon metall lo genic Belt
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Parson and Brisco Barite Vein and G
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Overview ..........................
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Chepak Granitoid-Related Au Deposit
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Origin of and Tectonic Controls for
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Page 17 and 18:
Au-Ag Epithermal Vein Deposits Asso
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Metallogenesis and Tectonics of the
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and Byalobzhesky (1996). A volume c
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1,079 significant mineral deposits
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Acknowledgements We thank the many
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0 --mmm=oRuwrrrur ommmmarUaAll NEr-
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Figure 3. Generalized map of mtljor
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Archean granulite facies metamorphi
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Figure 5. Oroek sediment-h section
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1 a a - --rich sandstone ~b-Qmg@ner
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Origin of and Tectonic Setting for
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occur in clastic and impure carbona
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Figure 7. Sullivan sedimentary-exha
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I 1997a, b, 1998). The massive sulf
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Ma which locally form extensive plu
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Figure 10. Gerbikanskoe vdcanogenic
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from crystalline basement of craton
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Figure 13. Howards Pass sedknenWy e
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McLean Arm Porphyry Cu-Mo District
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[..'......I Surfia'al deposits (Hol
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Figwe 16. GeneraCied map of major M
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.- *.-* *. . - - ---- -A - EARLY MI
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Metallogenic Belt Formed During Col
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Page 68 and 69:
several tens of meters to 1,300 m l
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Goldfarb (197) who interprets that
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WTF and Red Mountain Kuroko Massive
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interpreted by and as part of a ext
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Mount Sicker Metallogenic Belt of K
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interpreted as vents. The deposit c
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Page 82 and 83:
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hosted in the Yarkhodon subterrane
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origin of the younger Triassic(?) B
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Mississippian age of mineralizalioi
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Monger and Nokleberg, 1996; Noklebe
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1997a, b). Most of the magnesite an
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FL - Finlayson Lakm FR-FmLake LI -
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disseminations in chert, disseminat
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U F~gure 32 GemMzed m p of mejw -ni
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terrane, and by the Stikine Assembl
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Metallogenic-Tectonic Model for Lat
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. I . r ; 4 ~ (9) During subduction
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Eastern Alaska Range Metallogenic B
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individual flows range from 5 cm to
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occurrence of turbiditic clastic ro
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along the with tectonically-related
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: m- 3- w43 k M- u m u~u) mtl 'M~!A
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island-arc volcanic rocks of the Ni
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-- - //// EpldoW Figure 41. Nickel
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(TC), and Toodoggone (TO) belts whi
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(4) The Angayucham Ocean (Kobuck Se
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lueschist units and the McHugh Comp
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Page 134 and 135:
Figure 46. Lawyers Au-Ag epitiefmel
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Page 138 and 139: (5) The Angayucham Ocean (Kobuck Se
Page 140 and 141: Figure 49 Generaltzed map Of mbjm L
Page 142 and 143: continental-margin terranes which w
Page 144 and 145: Pokrovskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Vein De
Page 146 and 147: Origin of and Tectonic Controls for
Page 148 and 149: Granite-porphm and wanits W e ~~ hl
Page 150 and 151: subordinate adularia, dolomite, cel
Page 152 and 153: shale, basalt, plagiorhyolite, silt
Page 154 and 155: ocks and serpentinite which occur a
Page 156 and 157: interpreted as forming in the Juras
Page 158 and 159: Fault / Figure 57. Bond Creek and O
Page 160 and 161: Klukwan-Duke Metallogenic Bett of M
Page 162 and 163: tonnes of ore mined between 1967 an
Page 164 and 165: Cariboo Metallogenic Belt of Au Qua
Page 166 and 167: Sheep Creek Au-Ag Polymetallic Vein
Page 168 and 169: ---. .% of the North American Conti
Page 170 and 171: - OwiapaasembC Cmhmmmand Cemmcl. an
Page 172 and 173: in the west-central part of the Rus
Page 174 and 175: for about 850 krn (ZalishshaL ad oh
Page 176 and 177: Stanovoy Metallogenic Belt of Grani
Page 178 and 179: Goryachev, 1995, 1998, 2003) consis
Page 180 and 181: Altinskoe, Aragochan, Dalnee, Dokhs
Page 182 and 183: comprises up to 70-80% in some ore
Page 184 and 185: The Au quartz vein deposits are int
Page 186 and 187: leucogranite plutons form large, ho
Page 190 and 191: - . --- Origin of and Tectonic Cont
Page 192 and 193: Britannia Metallogenic Belt of Kuro
Page 194 and 195: Specific Events for Late Early Cret
Page 196 and 197: Figure 73. Solnechnae Sin qu- ~d~ n
Page 198 and 199: - Origin of and Tectonic Controls f
Page 200 and 201: Nome Metallogenic Belt of Au Quartz
Page 202 and 203: quartz vein deposits of the Souther
Page 204 and 205: Selwyn Plutonjc Suite. The host roc
Page 206 and 207: along the western end in the Eagle
Page 208 and 209: 101 Ma (K.M. Dawson, unpublished da
Page 210 and 211: I Bayonne Metallogenic Belt of Porp
Page 212 and 213: ., (VV) belts. These zones and beb
Page 214 and 215: I (2) The East Sikhote-Alin (es) co
Page 216 and 217: Metallogenic Belt Formed in Late Me
Page 218 and 219: The Pb-Zn polyrnetallu: vein depb a
Page 220 and 221: olistolith. The deposit is currentl
Page 222 and 223: the core of the veins, chlorite, Mn
Page 224 and 225: Tayozhnoe Ag Epithermal Vein Deposi
Page 226 and 227: Figure 90. lskra deposit Sn polyrne
Page 228 and 229: - El (Late ~re&ceous) I+ we cmm=s)
Page 230 and 231: Figure 93. Mnogovershinnoe AMq @pWw
Page 232 and 233: immed by wehrlite, olivine-magnetit
Page 234 and 235: Eastern Asia-Arctic Metallogenic Be
Page 236 and 237: which would be hosted in the early
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Etandzha Porphyry Cu-Mo and Muromet
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0- / Fadt . . Au veins and pods Fig
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Sentachan Clastic-Sediment-Hosted A
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I I I Undifferentiated vdcanic and
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.r . : . -d ' . . ,, $44 . assembla
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closure, the Chukotka supertca&c wa
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- Mgh anglefau#or prsminant Fitwar
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intrude and crosscut both the relat
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Figure 101 8. Ke~ecolt &4W d KemwaI
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Figure 103. Generalized map of majo
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metallogenic belt (SP) which contai
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Eastern Asia-Arctic Metallogenic Be
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Valunistoe Au-Ag Epithermal Vein De
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Lost River Sn-W Skarn and Sn Greise
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Wheeler Creek, Clear Creek, and Zan
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Au veln,and hots spring deposits at
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Chicken Mountain Cu-Au Deposit The
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Chip sample location - Fault / Cont
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A proximate laatbm c#f C h # d ~nar
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0.03 1% Mo; and (3) for a hypogene
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others, 1994c. 1997~). The granitoi
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Cross section - - South greisen zon
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198 1). The mine at the deposit pro
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Beatson (Latouche) and Ellamar Bess
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CRETACEOUS Mount Leonard St& gueYtr
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n pJ pRanens. Pd-dc i3 Meeomic .---
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Figure 120. Huckleberry porphyry Cu
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0.15% Cu (ox), 0.127 g/t Au, and 0.
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Zone are 188 million tonnes grading
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Kitsault (B.C. Moly) Porphyry Mo De
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million tonnes grading 0.42% Cu, 0.
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extension. The Coryell Suite is int
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elated deposits. Forming in the bac
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Metallogenic Belts Formed in Tertia
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Hg Deposits Hg deposits occur throu
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Maletoivayam Sulfur-Sulfide Deposit
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(5) A major orthogonal junction for
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Metallogenic Belts Formed in Tertia
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occur in these tabular, altered sil
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summarlzed above are used by analog
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the Aleutian volcanic belt. The Yak
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metamorphism, anatectic granites, a
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References Cited Abbott, G., 1981,
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Society of America Abstracts with P
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Sciences, North-Eastern lnterdiscip
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Burgoyne, A.A., 1986, geology and e
Page 336 and 337:
Canadian Cordillera, Yukon-northeas
Page 338 and 339:
the Koryak Highlands: Transactions
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during 1984: U.S. Geological Survey
Page 342 and 343:
Northeast Scientific Intergrated Re
Page 344 and 345:
House, G.D., and Ainsworth, B., 199
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International Field Conference in V
Page 348 and 349:
lithosphere in flood basalt genesis
Page 350 and 351:
MacKevett, E.M., Jr., 1978, Geologi
Page 352 and 353:
Miller, M.L., Bundtzen, T.K., and K
Page 354 and 355:
Nekrasov, I.Ya., 1995, Genetic type
Page 357 and 358:
Pakhomova, V.. Silyanik, V., Popov,
Page 359 and 360:
Pollack, John, 1997, Summary report
Page 361 and 362:
1993: British Columbia Geological S
Page 363 and 364:
Schroeter, T.G., 1987, Golden Bear
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Geology of the Liese zone, Pogo pro
Page 367 and 368:
Colorado, Geological Society of Ame
Page 369 and 370:
lnstitute of Mining and Metallurgy
Page 371 and 372:
Anorthosite apatite-Ti-Fe Gabbroic
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TABLE 2. Summary of correlations an
Page 375 and 376:
TABLE 2. Summary of correlations an
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9! TABLE ectonic environment of Pro
Page 379 and 380:
(Abbreviation) Rassokha (RA) Dzhard
Page 381 and 382:
Metallogenic Belt (Abbreviation) Be
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Major Mineral Deposits Types. Envir
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(Abbreviation) Guichon (GU) I Belt
Page 387 and 388:
Major Mineral Deposits Types. Envir
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(Abbreviation) (Significant Mineral
Page 391 and 392:
(Abbreviation) Adycha-Taryn (EAAT)
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~etallo~enic Belt Major Mineral Dep
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Metallogenic Belt (Abbreviation) Ca
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TABLE 4. Significant lode deposits,
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Mineral Deposit Model Major Metals
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Deposit Name Mineral Deposit Model
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Page 407 and 408:
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Deposit Nmme Mineral Deposit Model
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p;. ;A'..* Deposit Name Mineral Dep
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Page 423 and 424:
Page 425:
De~osit Name Mineral Deposit Model
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