Metallogenesis and Tectonics of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and ...

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Figure 3. Generalized map of mtljor ProkmZoic and CarrJxian through SHuh frbdallag9nlc belt6 and tsrrsnes for Abeika. Canadian Cordillera, and adjacenl offshore atme. Refer 6 text for description d metallogenic M. Adap6ed ban N&leberg and others (l997b, 1998). up to 70% Fe. The brecciated ores are cmposed of clash of dblomik sod gabbarqhibdib m k d by hem&e. The stockwork is defined by separate, halo-shaped bodies which are located around the massive and bfecciakd ores. Qra edaerals also include calcite, quartz, barite, chlorite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, and malachite. The ore-bearing horizon exbends for 18 km, but the best defined stratiform hematite deposit is 150 to 600 m kmg and 2 to 20 m thick. A mlateddolomitahosted Fa w i t in theGorbunov Formation is interpreted as farming during chemid deposition of Fe fmfn seawater. Oroek Sediment-Hosted Cu Depostt The sediment-hosted Cu Oroek deposit (fig. 5) (I.G. Vokodav and Kombitsyn, A.V. wriitte.n cammun., 197'9, Shpikerman md Sbpikerman, 1996) occurs in the Oroek Fomdon which consists of an Late Ptotero20ic volcaniclastic rock sequence which varies between 150-180 m thick. Tbe seqwe consists mainly of quartzite, ~ c h land o graphite-chlorite ~ schist, and phyllik and thia conformable beds of basalt and tuffieaus rocb. The major ore mine& are chalmcite, bornite, and chalcopyrite which occur in metamorphosed sandstone, siltstone, and slide. Local abundant qua& bodies also contain chalcopyrite, bornite, and hamatite. Later crwtling quartz veins also contain minor malachite, chalcocite, azurite, c&ysacolIa, bornite, and dve copper. Minded rocks are defomwd a d fonn an wcxhuned, isocliaal fold whose limb dip scdmst at 40" to 90". Origin of and Tectonic Controls for Oroek Metallogenic Belt The sediment-hosted Cu deposits of he Oroek metallogenic belt me bled mainly in the Middle Riphean Or& Formation which consists of metamorphosed sedimaotary rock with a thickness of 1300 to 1500 m (Shpikeman, ,998). Tht Cu deposits occur only in two lithologies: quartz-chitxitoid Eind quartz-cblofite %hist. The quartz-chloritoid schisthdy cmldus polimictic siltstone and sandstone with parallel and oblique laminations. The chlorite scbh contain dark green cWtoid porphyryblasts, dark en chlorite, quartz, epidote, mica, d mtile, and have e dark color, finegrain composition, d 8 laminated shaky and lcnkicular textum l'he me-bearing rocb of fhe Omek Formation me derived &om sum-, polxmictk sandstone, siltstone and shale (pelite) which contain wnsidembk vnkanic rock fragments (L.A. Shpikemai, writfen eommm.,
EXPLANATION Overlap assemblages (Cretacecus and Cenozoic) f m ~ e Dominonity ocecrric fmks: ~ ~ CRATON AND CRATON MARGIN AG Angayucham; BA Baker: No* knericsn Craton Norlh Amencan Cram Margin CRAT0hlAL TERRANES BR Bridge River: CC Cache Creek: CG Chugach; GD Goodnews: SM Slide Mounta~n; SV Seventymile Dominantly lu&idites: K1 Kilbuck-ldm: HO Mmashee OCEANIC PLATES AND RIDGES JF Juan de Fuca; PAC Pacific: PASSIVE CONTINENTAL-MARGIN TERRANES JFR Juan de Fuca oceanic ridge M Arctic Alaska: CA Cassia: DL Dillinger: MY Myst~c: NX Nixon Fork: PC Porcupine; WS Wkkersham: YO York METAMORPHOSED COMINEHTAL4ARGIN TERRANES CO ColdkmI: KO Kawenay: Conlacl Acl~ve subduclion zone - Ac~N~ strike-slip fault y- am ,logenic belt - RB Ruby: SD Seward: Yf Yukon-Tanana ACCRETED TERRANES Innar. csw~,; * QN Qmsfellii; ST Stikinia Intermediate: U) Cadwallader:CR Chiiliwadc River: I2 kmx UT Metiww: W l Walbwa CMW AX Alexander: KY Koyukuk: NY Nyac: PE Penln-: TG Togiak: WR WrangeIIia 1999). Metamorphism occurred at quartz-albite- epidote-biotite subfacies, and the age of metamorphism is probably he-Vendian (Shpikerman, 1998). The sediment-hosted Cu deposits and host rocks are interpreted as forming in rift-related troughs in a sublittoral and shelf area during the early history of the Prikolyma passive continental margin terrane, during Middle or Late Proterozoic incipient rifling of the North Asian Craton Margin (Shpikerman, 1998). The ironstone deposits of the Oroek metallogenic belt (Pobeda deposit and others) occur in the Vendian Syapyakane suite which ranges from 300 to 800 m thick and is composed of mainly feldspathic-quartz sandstones with thin interbeds and lenses consisting of hematite (martite), magnetite, titanic magnetite, ilmenite, rutile, and zircon (Shpikerman, 1998). The sandstones are typical occurrences of Vendian beach placers and are similar to sandstones in the Middle Riphean Spiridonova Formation which occurs to the west, also in the Prikolyma terrane. However, these formations are underlain by the Gorbunova Formation which contains beds of dolomite and stratiform hematite-carbonate iron deposits. The Prikolyma terrane is interpreted as a rifled fragment of the North Asian Craton Margin (Verkhoyansk fold belt, unit NSV; Nokleberg and others, 1994c, 1997c; Shpikerman, 1998). Lantarsky-Dzhugdzhur Metallogenic Belt of Anorthosite Apatite-Ti-Fe and Gabbroic Ni-Cu (PGE) Deposits (Belt LD) Central Part of Russian Far East) The Lantarsky-Dzhugdzhur metallogenic belt of anorthosite apatite-Ti-Fe and gabbroic Cu-Ni-Co-PGE deposits is hosted in the co-named igneous belt of layered gabbro and anorthosite complexes in one of a linear series of mafic plutons which crop out along in the Stanovoy block along the southern flank of the North Asian Craton (fig. 2; tables 3,4) (Nokleberg and others, 1997b, 1998).. The belt occurs in the northern Khabarovsk Province in the central part of the Russian Far East and in southern Yakutia. U-Pb and Sm-Nd isotopic ages for the host anorthosite intrusions range from 1.7 to 1.9 Ga (Sukhanov and others, 1989; Neimark and others, 1992). The Lantarsky-Dzhugdzhur igneous belt consists of five gabbroic Cu-Ni-Co-PGE deposits that are hosted in anorthosite and gabbro bodies that occur along the 1,000 km-long Stanvoy suture (collisional) zone between the Archean Aldan shield of the North Asian Craton to the North and the Proterozoic Stanovoy block to the south. The Archean rocks to the north consist of gneiss and schist intruded by Paleozoic to Mesozoic granitic rock (Lennikov, 1979). The rocks south of the suture zone consist of
Page 1 and 2: I EUSGS science Ior a changing wwld
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS Abstract .................
Page 5 and 6: 5 : 3 . Kedon metall lo genic Belt
Page 7 and 8: Parson and Brisco Barite Vein and G
Page 9 and 10: Overview ..........................
Page 11 and 12: Chepak Granitoid-Related Au Deposit
Page 13 and 14: Origin of and Tectonic Controls for
Page 17 and 18: Au-Ag Epithermal Vein Deposits Asso
Page 19: Metallogenesis and Tectonics of the
Page 22 and 23: and Byalobzhesky (1996). A volume c
Page 24 and 25: 1,079 significant mineral deposits
Page 26 and 27: Acknowledgements We thank the many
Page 28 and 29: 0 --mmm=oRuwrrrur ommmmarUaAll NEr-
Page 32 and 33: Archean granulite facies metamorphi
Page 34 and 35: Figure 5. Oroek sediment-h section
Page 36 and 37: 1 a a - --rich sandstone ~b-Qmg@ner
Page 38 and 39: Origin of and Tectonic Setting for
Page 40 and 41: occur in clastic and impure carbona
Page 42 and 43: Figure 7. Sullivan sedimentary-exha
Page 44 and 45: I 1997a, b, 1998). The massive sulf
Page 46 and 47: Ma which locally form extensive plu
Page 48 and 49: Figure 10. Gerbikanskoe vdcanogenic
Page 52 and 53: from crystalline basement of craton
Page 54 and 55: Figure 13. Howards Pass sedknenWy e
Page 56 and 57: McLean Arm Porphyry Cu-Mo District
Page 58 and 59: [..'......I Surfia'al deposits (Hol
Page 60 and 61: Figwe 16. GeneraCied map of major M
Page 62 and 63: .- *.-* *. . - - ---- -A - EARLY MI
Page 64 and 65: Metallogenic Belt Formed During Col
Page 68 and 69: several tens of meters to 1,300 m l
Page 70 and 71: Goldfarb (197) who interprets that
Page 72 and 73: WTF and Red Mountain Kuroko Massive
Page 74 and 75: interpreted by and as part of a ext
Page 76 and 77: Mount Sicker Metallogenic Belt of K
Page 78 and 79: interpreted as vents. The deposit c
Page 80 and 81:
Origin of and Tectonic Controls for
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
hosted in the Yarkhodon subterrane
Page 88 and 89:
origin of the younger Triassic(?) B
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Mississippian age of mineralizalioi
Page 94 and 95:
Monger and Nokleberg, 1996; Noklebe
Page 96 and 97:
1997a, b). Most of the magnesite an
Page 98 and 99:
FL - Finlayson Lakm FR-FmLake LI -
Page 100 and 101:
disseminations in chert, disseminat
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U F~gure 32 GemMzed m p of mejw -ni
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terrane, and by the Stikine Assembl
Page 106 and 107:
Page 108 and 109:
Metallogenic-Tectonic Model for Lat
Page 110 and 111:
. I . r ; 4 ~ (9) During subduction
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Eastern Alaska Range Metallogenic B
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individual flows range from 5 cm to
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occurrence of turbiditic clastic ro
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along the with tectonically-related
Page 120 and 121:
: m- 3- w43 k M- u m u~u) mtl 'M~!A
Page 122 and 123:
island-arc volcanic rocks of the Ni
Page 124 and 125:
-- - //// EpldoW Figure 41. Nickel
Page 126 and 127:
(TC), and Toodoggone (TO) belts whi
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(4) The Angayucham Ocean (Kobuck Se
Page 130 and 131:
lueschist units and the McHugh Comp
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Figure 46. Lawyers Au-Ag epitiefmel
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
(5) The Angayucham Ocean (Kobuck Se
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Figure 49 Generaltzed map Of mbjm L
Page 142 and 143:
continental-margin terranes which w
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Pokrovskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Vein De
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Granite-porphm and wanits W e ~~ hl
Page 150 and 151:
subordinate adularia, dolomite, cel
Page 152 and 153:
shale, basalt, plagiorhyolite, silt
Page 154 and 155:
ocks and serpentinite which occur a
Page 156 and 157:
interpreted as forming in the Juras
Page 158 and 159:
Fault / Figure 57. Bond Creek and O
Page 160 and 161:
Klukwan-Duke Metallogenic Bett of M
Page 162 and 163:
tonnes of ore mined between 1967 an
Page 164 and 165:
Cariboo Metallogenic Belt of Au Qua
Page 166 and 167:
Sheep Creek Au-Ag Polymetallic Vein
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---. .% of the North American Conti
Page 170 and 171:
- OwiapaasembC Cmhmmmand Cemmcl. an
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in the west-central part of the Rus
Page 174 and 175:
for about 850 krn (ZalishshaL ad oh
Page 176 and 177:
Stanovoy Metallogenic Belt of Grani
Page 178 and 179:
Goryachev, 1995, 1998, 2003) consis
Page 180 and 181:
Altinskoe, Aragochan, Dalnee, Dokhs
Page 182 and 183:
comprises up to 70-80% in some ore
Page 184 and 185:
The Au quartz vein deposits are int
Page 186 and 187:
leucogranite plutons form large, ho
Page 188 and 189:
+ , . Diorite phyry dike (Early ~ta
Page 190 and 191:
- . --- Origin of and Tectonic Cont
Page 192 and 193:
Britannia Metallogenic Belt of Kuro
Page 194 and 195:
Specific Events for Late Early Cret
Page 196 and 197:
Figure 73. Solnechnae Sin qu- ~d~ n
Page 198 and 199:
- Origin of and Tectonic Controls f
Page 200 and 201:
Nome Metallogenic Belt of Au Quartz
Page 202 and 203:
quartz vein deposits of the Souther
Page 204 and 205:
Selwyn Plutonjc Suite. The host roc
Page 206 and 207:
along the western end in the Eagle
Page 208 and 209:
101 Ma (K.M. Dawson, unpublished da
Page 210 and 211:
I Bayonne Metallogenic Belt of Porp
Page 212 and 213:
., (VV) belts. These zones and beb
Page 214 and 215:
I (2) The East Sikhote-Alin (es) co
Page 216 and 217:
Metallogenic Belt Formed in Late Me
Page 218 and 219:
The Pb-Zn polyrnetallu: vein depb a
Page 220 and 221:
olistolith. The deposit is currentl
Page 222 and 223:
the core of the veins, chlorite, Mn
Page 224 and 225:
Tayozhnoe Ag Epithermal Vein Deposi
Page 226 and 227:
Figure 90. lskra deposit Sn polyrne
Page 228 and 229:
- El (Late ~re&ceous) I+ we cmm=s)
Page 230 and 231:
Figure 93. Mnogovershinnoe AMq @pWw
Page 232 and 233:
immed by wehrlite, olivine-magnetit
Page 234 and 235:
Eastern Asia-Arctic Metallogenic Be
Page 236 and 237:
which would be hosted in the early
Page 238 and 239:
Etandzha Porphyry Cu-Mo and Muromet
Page 240 and 241:
0- / Fadt . . Au veins and pods Fig
Page 242 and 243:
Sentachan Clastic-Sediment-Hosted A
Page 244 and 245:
I I I Undifferentiated vdcanic and
Page 246 and 247:
.r . : . -d ' . . ,, $44 . assembla
Page 248 and 249:
closure, the Chukotka supertca&c wa
Page 250 and 251:
- Mgh anglefau#or prsminant Fitwar
Page 252 and 253:
intrude and crosscut both the relat
Page 254 and 255:
Figure 101 8. Ke~ecolt &4W d KemwaI
Page 256 and 257:
Figure 103. Generalized map of majo
Page 258 and 259:
metallogenic belt (SP) which contai
Page 260 and 261:
Eastern Asia-Arctic Metallogenic Be
Page 262 and 263:
Valunistoe Au-Ag Epithermal Vein De
Page 264 and 265:
Lost River Sn-W Skarn and Sn Greise
Page 266 and 267:
Wheeler Creek, Clear Creek, and Zan
Page 268 and 269:
Au veln,and hots spring deposits at
Page 270 and 271:
Chicken Mountain Cu-Au Deposit The
Page 272 and 273:
Chip sample location - Fault / Cont
Page 274 and 275:
A proximate laatbm c#f C h # d ~nar
Page 276 and 277:
0.03 1% Mo; and (3) for a hypogene
Page 278 and 279:
others, 1994c. 1997~). The granitoi
Page 280 and 281:
Cross section - - South greisen zon
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
198 1). The mine at the deposit pro
Page 286 and 287:
Beatson (Latouche) and Ellamar Bess
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
CRETACEOUS Mount Leonard St& gueYtr
Page 292 and 293:
n pJ pRanens. Pd-dc i3 Meeomic .---
Page 294 and 295:
Figure 120. Huckleberry porphyry Cu
Page 296 and 297:
0.15% Cu (ox), 0.127 g/t Au, and 0.
Page 298 and 299:
Zone are 188 million tonnes grading
Page 300 and 301:
Kitsault (B.C. Moly) Porphyry Mo De
Page 302 and 303:
million tonnes grading 0.42% Cu, 0.
Page 304 and 305:
extension. The Coryell Suite is int
Page 306 and 307:
elated deposits. Forming in the bac
Page 308 and 309:
Metallogenic Belts Formed in Tertia
Page 310 and 311:
Hg Deposits Hg deposits occur throu
Page 312 and 313:
Maletoivayam Sulfur-Sulfide Deposit
Page 314 and 315:
Page 316 and 317:
(5) A major orthogonal junction for
Page 318 and 319:
Metallogenic Belts Formed in Tertia
Page 320 and 321:
occur in these tabular, altered sil
Page 322 and 323:
summarlzed above are used by analog
Page 324 and 325:
the Aleutian volcanic belt. The Yak
Page 326 and 327:
metamorphism, anatectic granites, a
Page 328 and 329:
References Cited Abbott, G., 1981,
Page 330 and 331:
Society of America Abstracts with P
Page 332 and 333:
Sciences, North-Eastern lnterdiscip
Page 334 and 335:
Burgoyne, A.A., 1986, geology and e
Page 336 and 337:
Canadian Cordillera, Yukon-northeas
Page 338 and 339:
the Koryak Highlands: Transactions
Page 340 and 341:
during 1984: U.S. Geological Survey
Page 342 and 343:
Northeast Scientific Intergrated Re
Page 344 and 345:
House, G.D., and Ainsworth, B., 199
Page 346 and 347:
International Field Conference in V
Page 348 and 349:
lithosphere in flood basalt genesis
Page 350 and 351:
MacKevett, E.M., Jr., 1978, Geologi
Page 352 and 353:
Miller, M.L., Bundtzen, T.K., and K
Page 354 and 355:
Nekrasov, I.Ya., 1995, Genetic type
Page 357 and 358:
Pakhomova, V.. Silyanik, V., Popov,
Page 359 and 360:
Pollack, John, 1997, Summary report
Page 361 and 362:
1993: British Columbia Geological S
Page 363 and 364:
Schroeter, T.G., 1987, Golden Bear
Page 365 and 366:
Geology of the Liese zone, Pogo pro
Page 367 and 368:
Colorado, Geological Society of Ame
Page 369 and 370:
lnstitute of Mining and Metallurgy
Page 371 and 372:
Anorthosite apatite-Ti-Fe Gabbroic
Page 373 and 374:
TABLE 2. Summary of correlations an
Page 375 and 376:
TABLE 2. Summary of correlations an
Page 377 and 378:
9! TABLE ectonic environment of Pro
Page 379 and 380:
(Abbreviation) Rassokha (RA) Dzhard
Page 381 and 382:
Metallogenic Belt (Abbreviation) Be
Page 383 and 384:
Major Mineral Deposits Types. Envir
Page 385 and 386:
(Abbreviation) Guichon (GU) I Belt
Page 387 and 388:
Major Mineral Deposits Types. Envir
Page 389 and 390:
(Abbreviation) (Significant Mineral
Page 391 and 392:
(Abbreviation) Adycha-Taryn (EAAT)
Page 393 and 394:
~etallo~enic Belt Major Mineral Dep
Page 395 and 396:
Metallogenic Belt (Abbreviation) Ca
Page 397 and 398:
TABLE 4. Significant lode deposits,
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Mineral Deposit Model Major Metals
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Deposit Name Mineral Deposit Model
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Page 405 and 406:
Page 407 and 408:
Page 409 and 410:
Page 411 and 412:
Deposit Nmme Mineral Deposit Model
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Page 415 and 416:
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p;. ;A'..* Deposit Name Mineral Dep
Page 421 and 422:
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De~osit Name Mineral Deposit Model
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