Arkell.1956.Jurassic..

NORTH-EASTERN ALPS AND NORTHERN CARPATHIANS 171
Prohecticoceras including P. retrocostatum (de Gross.), P. fuscum Quenst.
sp. (1938, pi. xii, figs. 5, 6) and P. costatum Roemer sp. (pi. xii, 3, 4).
The bed yielding this fauna belongs to the parautochthonous 'High Tatra
Series' (not to the thrust-travelled 'Sub-Tatra Series'); it is only 20 cm.
thick, and is said to rest in some places on crinoidal limestones probably
of Bajocian age, but in other places, without visible unconformity, on
Triassic limestones. It thus falls into line with evidences of Bathonian
transgression in many other parts of the world.
BAJOCIAN
In the Eastern Alps in some places the Gresten and Adneth facies both
embrace the whole Bajocian; the zonal indices recorded are Opalinum,
Murchisonae, Bradfordensis, Humphriesianum, Blagdeni, Garantiana
and Parkinsoni (Trauth, 1909; Hahn, 1910, p. 378; Schmidtill & Krumbeck,
1938, pp. 321-3). Collections from the Humphriesianum and later
zones revised by Schmidtill & Krumbeck include many Stephanoceras,
Stemmatoceras, Teloceras, Normannites, Strenoceras and Garantiana,
chiefly from Ober St Veit and Hohenauer Wiese. The connexions
with Franconia are so many and so close that a direct sea-connexion must
be postulated. In other parts of the Eastern Alps the Fleckenmergel
facies of the Lias passes up to include the Opalinum Zone (Bose, 1894).
In the Carpathian inner klippes Fleckenmergel with Leioceras opalinum
and shaly clay with Ludwigia murchisonae occur (Neumayr, 1871a, p. 504),
and shales with Posidonia yield Sonninia spp., Witchellia spp., Stephanoceras,
Teloceras and Oppelia subradiata (Horwitz, 1937). Numerous
Phylloceras and Lytoceras occur throughout the region in the Bajocian,
mixed with the northern and western genera, just as in the Caucasus.
(Some of the Carpathian Bajocian ammonites are figured by Passendorfer
& Ksiazkiewicz, 1951, pis. ii, iv).
TOARCIAN
In the Kammerker group, Eastern Alps, red nodular limestones of
Adneth facies, up to 10 m. thick, yield a rich and well-preserved Toarcian
fauna from the Bifrons and higher zones, up to the highest horizons with
Erycites, Hammatoceras, Dumortieria, Pleydellia, etc. (Hahn, 1910).
Phylloceratids and Lytoceratids abound, in species and individuals, and
the usually-rare genera Paroniceras and Frechiella are well represented
(Renz, 1925). Posidonia shales occur at the base (Hahn, 1910, p. 368).
As remarked already, in other places Gresten and Fleckenmergel facies
persist through the Toarcian. In the Carpathians also there are thick
beds of Toarcian Fleckenmergel, red nodular limestones and crinoidal
limestones, with a rich ammonite fauna (Goetel, 1917, p. 17).
PLIENSBACHIAN
This stage is perhaps best differentiated in the Kratzalp near Salzburg
where it consists of red cephalopod limestones (Adneth facies). The
base is defined by a Crucilobiceras fauna of the Taylori Subzone (basal
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