Arkell.1956.Jurassic..

44° INDO-CHINA AND INDONESIA
and (according to some authors) the Lower Callovian in Europe. An
allied species was figured from the Sula Islands by Kruizinga (1926,
pi. xiii, fig. 1) as ' Stepheoceras' indicum Kruizinga. As just mentioned,
Kruizinga's version of Sphaeroceras godohense Boehm (Kruizinga, 1926,
pi. xiv, figs. 2, 3) appears to be a Sphaeroceratid at least closely related to
Chondroceras of the Middle Bajocian, a genus that occurs in New Guinea
(Boehm, 1913, pi. ii, 3, 4). Coeloceras indicum Kruizinga (1926, pi. xiv,
fig. 1) is too worn to interpret with confidence, but seems to be a Teloceras
comparable with Canadian species such as T. stelki Warren and the English
T. banksi (Sowerby), in which primary ribs become obsolete. 'Stephanoceras
aff. braikenridgii' Boehm (1908, pi. xii, fig. 3), from Babar, strongly
suggests a Normannites close to A^. orbignyi Buckman, but according to
Jaworski (1933, p. 323) it is a Toarcian Catacoeloceras. A link with
Australia is Pseudotoites (Kruizinga, 1926, pi. vi, 1, 2, pi. xii, 3).
Bajocian pelecypods from Taliabu are figured by Jaworski (1920).
TOARCIAN
Species of Dactylioceras and 'Coeloceras' have been figured from Rotti
(Krumbeck, 1922, pis. xvii, xviii) and Timor (Krumbeck, 1923, pi.
clxxvii) and revised by Jaworski (1933). Toarcian Harpoceratids, which
require further attention, seem to be commoner, having been recorded or
figured from Borneo (Krause, 1896, pi. xi), from Jefbie and Fialpopo in
the Misol Archipelago (Soergel, 1913, 1915), where they indicate levels
up to the Aalense Subzone, and from Babar (Wanner, 1931, p. 588).
More accurate determination is possible for Grammoceras timorense
Krumbeck (1923, p. 115, pi. clxxvii, fig. 8) from Timor, which is an
Esericeras and indicates about Striatulum Subzone of the Jurense Zone,
and Harpoceras arietiforme Kruizinga (1926, pi. i, figs. 3-5) from the Sula
Islands, which is a large Fuciniceras probably of Lower Toarcian date,
like some from Baluchistan and Italy. Grammoceras kiliani Kruizinga
(1926, pi. i, fig. 2), also from the Sula Islands, indicates once more the
Jurense Zone; while a Lytoceras of the jurense group is known from Rotti
(Krumbeck, 1922, pi. xvii, fig. 6).
Hammatoceras molukkanum Cloos (1916; and see Kruizinga, 1926,
pi. ii) is more difficult to date accurately but is certainly Upper Toarcian.
LOWER LIAS
All parts of the Lower Lias are strongly represented in the islands,
especially in Rotti, Babar and Timor, but there are no sections. Almost
without exception the ammonites have been collected loose from streambeds
or from the ejectamenta of mud-volcanoes. Details of the occurrences,
island by island, will be found in Wanner (1931), and figures
chiefly in Krumbeck (1922; 1923), Wanner & Jaworski (1931) and, with a
revision of most of the families, in Jaworski (1933). The following is a
list of important species that have been figured or authoritatively recorded,
arranged to show the probable representation of the stages and zones.
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