Niger Delta Human Development Report - UNDP Nigeria - United ...

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Gas Flare at Umuchem Table 2.8: Components of the HDI for Nigeria (1992) State Life Adult Mean Educational Real GDP Adjusted HDI expectancy literacy years of attainment per capita real GDP at birth (years) (%) schooling (%) (PPP$) per capita (PPP$) Bendel 53.7 65.6 4.00 45.07 5,003.4 5,003.3 0.631 Rivers 50.2 51.9 3.84 35.88 4,860.7 4,860.7 0.539 Cross River 57.8 69.4 3.27 47.36 2,626.0 2,626.0 0.513 Lagos 61.4 65.0 3.92 44.64 2,034.7 2,034.7 0.489 Imo 60.0 75.6 3.80 51.67 1,341.1 1,341.1 0.466 Gongola 57.8 26.0 2.15 18.05 665.1 665.1 0.214 Ondo 49.4 50.6 3.29 34.83 422.9 422.9 0.212 Oyo 51.3 40.4 3.11 27.97 678.1 678.1 0.210 Niger 54.9 16.0 1.04 11.01 1,262.0 1,262.0 0.191 Benue 53.5 27.0 1.91 18.64 809.5 809.5 0.188 Kwara 45.9 40.0 3.00 27.67 1,020.1 1,020.1 0.183 Anambra 44.9 43.1 2.91 29.70 860.1 860.1 0.174 Kano 57.1 12.1 0.73 8.31 692.6 692.6 0.161 Plateau 39.5 36.7 2.18 25.19 1,224.1 1,224..1 0.149 Sokoto 49.2 2.7 0.43 1.94 1,246.2 1,246.2 0.128 Bauchi 36.7 39.8 2.03 27.2 1 762.2 762.2 0.127 Ogun 37.4 41.8 2.81 28.80 619.3 619.3 0.126 Kaduna 36.6 30.8 1.52 21.04 876.4 876.4 0.101 Borno 37.0 10.0 0.55 6.85 957.8 957.8 0.042 HDI of 1993 51.5 50.7 1.20 34.20 1,215.0 1,215.0 0.246 Source: UNDP 1996: 29. NIGER DELTA HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 51
Box 2.3: The Parameters of the Human Development Indices HDI HPI-1 HPI-2 GDI GEM • A long and healthy life (measured as life expectancy) • Knowledge (measured as adult literacy rate and gross enrolment ratio) • Decent standard of living (measured as GDP per capita, adjusted by PPP US $) • A long and healthy life (measured as probability at birth of not surviving to age 40) • Knowledge (measured as adult illiteracy rate) • Decent standard of living (measured as percentage of population not using improved water sources and percentage of children under five who are underweight) • A long and healthy life (measured as probability at birth of not surviving to age 60) • Knowledge (measured as percentage of adults lacking functional literacy skills) • Decent standard of living (measured as percentage of people living below the poverty line) • Social exclusion (measured as long-term unemployment rate) • A long and healthy life (measured as female life expectancy and male life expectancy) • Knowledge (measured by female adult literacy rate and male adult literacy rate) • Decent standard of living (measured as female estimated earned income and male estimated earned income) • Political participation (measured as female and male shares of parliamentary seats) • Economic participation and decision-making (measured as female and male shares of positions as legislators, senior officials and managers, and female and male shares of professional and technical positions) • Power over economic resources (measured as female and male estimated earned income) Source: UNDP 2004 and 2005 52 NIGER DELTA HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT
Page 2 and 3:
SUMMARY NIGER DELTA HUMAN DEVELOPME
Page 4 and 5:
Foreword Over the past four decades
Page 6 and 7:
Acknowledgements The Niger Delta Hu
Page 8 and 9:
OMPADEC Oil Mineral Producing Areas
Page 10 and 11:
§ The HP1-1 for the Niger Delta Re
Page 12 and 13: Background Overview The Niger Delta
Page 14 and 15: ut also presents a challenge to int
Page 16 and 17: 2 should be resolved. An oil trust
Page 18 and 19: 5 6 Social cohesiveness could also
Page 20 and 21: CHAPTER ONE Introduction AMAZING PA
Page 22 and 23: aggregate, to how its peoples are f
Page 24 and 25: that allows tourism to thrive and s
Page 26 and 27: any mineral extracted in that regio
Page 28 and 29: put up similar resistance, but this
Page 30 and 31: and HIV&AIDS. The information sourc
Page 32 and 33: Box 1.7: Climate The Niger Delta ha
Page 34 and 35: 94 per cent of these have populatio
Page 36 and 37: expectancy index of 0.78 for Saudi
Page 38 and 39: to pockets of the region, in the ab
Page 40 and 41: Housing pattern in a typical Niger
Page 42 and 43: Revamping the rural economy by opti
Page 44 and 45: NIGER DELTA HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPOR
Page 46 and 47: CHAPTER TWO The Human Development S
Page 48 and 49: in terms of this access, the level
Page 50 and 51: the full burden of environmental de
Page 52 and 53: effective machinery to hold elected
Page 54 and 55: NIGER DELTA HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPOR
Page 56 and 57: whether the overall level of povert
Page 58 and 59: available data suggest that females
Page 60 and 61: HIV&AIDS in chapter four, so it wil
Page 64 and 65: The HDI for the Niger Delta Region
Page 66 and 67: Table 2.10: Trends in Human Develop
Page 68 and 69: GDP index of 0.570. Chart 2.4 provi
Page 70 and 71: gender equity improves human develo
Page 72 and 73: development in the Niger Delta regi
Page 74 and 75: HDI, particularly in Bayelsa and Ri
Page 76 and 77: Map 2.6: Map of the Niger Delta Reg
Page 78 and 79: Table 2.14: Disparities in the HPI-
Page 80 and 81: Saharan Africa, the Niger Republic,
Page 82 and 83: Map 2.12: Map of the Niger Delta Re
Page 84 and 85: CHAPTER THREE Environmental and Soc
Page 86 and 87: of human life and economic activiti
Page 88 and 89: Chart 3.1: Quantities and Causes of
Page 90 and 91: Agency's (1991) environmental stand
Page 92 and 93: others. These changes have in turn
Page 94 and 95: B. Income-producing trees Avocado B
Page 96 and 97: abandon their traditional occupatio
Page 98 and 99: Box 3.6: Resolving the Niger Delta
Page 100 and 101: There is very little or no treatmen
Page 102 and 103: The flooding problem of the Niger D
Page 104 and 105: CHAPTER FOUR HIV&AIDS A CHALLENGE T
Page 106 and 107: five per cent. Nearly half the delt
Page 108 and 109: Map 4.2: HIV Prevalence Rates Among
Page 110 and 111: Chart 4.6: HIV Prevalence Trends in
Page 112 and 113:
Orubuloye et al. 1992; Oyeneye et a
Page 114 and 115:
the associated risks of HIV infecti
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stems from biological, social, cult
Page 118 and 119:
Chart 4.10: State Responses to HIV/
Page 120 and 121:
One particular point of outreach in
Page 122 and 123:
CHAPTER FIVE Conflict and Conflict
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The most common and vicious forms o
Page 126 and 127:
took control of Nembe and banished
Page 128 and 129:
One of the shools destroyed during
Page 130 and 131:
Box 5.3: Ogoni Bill of Rights, 1990
Page 132 and 133:
groups have produced charters, decl
Page 134 and 135:
understanding with host communities
Page 136 and 137:
The frequent conflicts and the asso
Page 138 and 139:
People. It presented its Ogoni Bill
Page 140 and 141:
CHAPTER SIX Sustainable Livelihoods
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Table 6.1: Unemployment and Underem
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activity. Professionalizing the qua
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participants, is hard and tedious a
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Box 6.3: Environmental Degradation
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een largely limited to urban or per
Page 152 and 153:
Table 6.5: Selected Community Devel
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drawing other industries to their l
Page 156 and 157:
appropriate investment promotion me
Page 158 and 159:
CHAPTER SEVEN A Human Development A
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Table 7.1: People’s Vision of the
Page 162 and 163:
cushions the state’s economy agai
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purposes, and the property rights o
Page 166 and 167:
tertiary schools, and for different
Page 168 and 169:
identification of the potentials fo
Page 170 and 171:
Box 7.3: In Mexico, New Forms of Tr
Page 172 and 173:
• There should be support for mor
Page 174 and 175:
In both Rivers and Delta states, mo
Page 176 and 177:
Niger Delta Youths Metal fabricator
Page 178 and 179:
4 PROMOTING SOCIAL INCLUSION The ag
Page 180 and 181:
air caused by gas flares, the degra
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6 • appropriate and timely compen
Page 184 and 185:
uild institutions for sustainable h
Page 186 and 187:
• Act as pressure groups in restr
Page 188 and 189:
Chapter One References African Netw
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Effluent on Some Biota of the Lower
Page 192 and 193:
Agents of Environmental Regeneratio
Page 194 and 195:
Sexual Networking: Identifying Part
Page 196 and 197:
APPENDIX ONE Appendices Table A1.1:
Page 198 and 199:
Table A1.4: Type of Housing Constru
Page 200 and 201:
Yakurr 0.442 0.372 0.399 0.404 23.2
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Mbo 0.408 0.295 0.258 0.320 24.075
Page 204 and 205:
Orlu 0.567 0.349 0.320 0.412 25.527
Page 206 and 207:
Obudu 19.35 25.50 22.00 22.57 Odukp
Page 208 and 209:
Ondo West 34.00 22.50 32.50 30.49 O
Page 210 and 211:
Oshimili North 7.50 16.00 19.40 15.
Page 212 and 213:
Ogu/Bolo 11.80 23.50 28.23 23.13 Ok
Page 214 and 215:
Ose 0.466 0.556 0.234 0.419 Owo 0.5
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Owerri Municipal 0.506 0.658 0.249
Page 218 and 219:
Akure North 0.000 0.924 0.067 0.330
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Ngor/Okpala 0.000 0.927 0.062 0.330
Page 222 and 223:
47) L. Adele Jinadu Centre for Adva
Page 224 and 225:
Technical Note TECHNICAL NOTE ON HU
Page 226 and 227:
1.4 Interpolation for Missing Data
Page 228 and 229:
• A long and healthy life, as mea
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