Thursday-Abstracts

Official Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine
1566 Board #158 May 30, 2:00 PM - 3:30 PM
Pulmonary Function Changes In The aged Following Pilates
Exercise Training
Brandon S. Shaw1 , Gertruide M. Gildenhuys2 , Marinda Fourie2 ,
Ina Shaw3 , Gregory A. Brown, FACSM4 . 1Tshwane University of
Technology, Johannesburg, South Africa. 2Tshwane University of
Technology, Pretoria, South Africa. 3Monash South Africa and
Tshwane University of Technology, Johannesburg, South Africa.
4University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NE.
(No relationships reported)
With the passage of time, declining pulmonary function leads to a progressive fall in
maximal strength, maximal oxygen uptake, and therefore reduced exercise capacity,
physical function and health resulting in a detrimental cycle of decreasing pulmonary
function, exercise capacity, physical function and health. Pilates, with its emphasis on
controlled breathing during exercise, may prevent or reverse the functional reductions
associated with age related pulmonary decline.
PurPOsE: The purpose was to determine the effects of Pilates on pulmonary
function in the aged.
METhOds: Fifty sedentary, apparently healthy females aged 60 years and older were
randomly assigned to a non-exercising control (n = 25) or a Pilates intervention (n =
25) group. While the non-exercising control group maintained their usual activities and
did not partake in any structured exercises, the Pilates intervention group took part in
an eight-week supervised progressive exercise program. The Pilates program consisted
of three weekly, non-consecutive, 60-minute sessions being conducted by a qualified
Pilates instructor. All sessions commenced with breathing, followed by a flowing
system from standing, to sitting, to lying exercises.
rEsuLTs: Following Pilates training, significant (p ≤ 0.05) improvements were
found in maximum expiratory flow at 25% forced vital capacity (FVC) (MEF 25%)
(3.59±1.26% vs. 4.16±1.25%; p=0.008) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) (4.06±1.32
L.sec-1 vs. 4.55±1.46 L.sec-1; p=0.049), but not in FVC (2.45±0.47 L vs. 2.41±0.49 L;
p=0.484), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (1.93±0.39 L vs. 1.92±0.37 L;
p=0.937), MEF 50% (2.49±0.81% vs. 2.59±0.75%; p=0.312), MEF 75% (0.96±0.38 vs.
0.90±0.29; p=0.347), FEV1/FVC% (80.07±5.72 % vs. 81.72±4.80 %; p=0.157), peak
inspiratory flow (3.22±1.33 L.sec-1 vs. 3.08±1.40 L.sec-1; p=0.543) and forced midexpiratory
flow (FEF 25-75%) (1.93±0.59 L.sec-1 vs. 1.98 ± 0.55 L.sec-1; p=0.495).
CONCLusIONs: Exercise training programs utilizing Pilates can improve
pulmonary function in the aged and may improve the associated impaired exercise
capacity, physical function and health consequences.
1567 Board #159 May 30, 2:00 PM - 3:30 PM
short-term step aerobic Exercise Training and detraining
Effects On Functional Fitness In Postmenopausal Women
Huei-Jhen Wen1 , Tzai-Li Li2 , Pao-Sheng Yen3 . 1Tzu Chi
University, Hualien City, Taiwan. 2National Taiwan Sport
University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan. 3Tzu Chi General Hospital,
Taichung, Taiwan. (Sponsor: Chodzko-Zajko, Wojciech, FACSM)
(No relationships reported)
PurPOsE: To explore the effects of 10 weeks group-based step aerobic (GBSA)
intervention and 6 weeks detraining on functional fitness and body composition in
healthy postmenopausal women (PMW).
METhOds: Twenty-two healthy PMW (age 60.05 ± 2.68 years) were recruited and
randomly assigned to either an exercise group (EG, n=11) or a control group (CG,
n=11). The participants in EG performed a GBSA exercise program including 10-
15 minutes warm-up, 40-45 minutes high-intermediate intensity (75-85% heart rate
reserve) GBSA exercise, and 30 minutes balance/stretching for 10 weeks and then
followed a 6-week detraining. The participants in CG remained their regular lifestyle
and did not participate in regular exercise. Body composition (body fat, lean body
mass, and bone mineral content) determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and
functional fitness (chair-stand test [CS], back scratch [BS], arm curl test [AC], 8-ft upand-go,
chair sit-and-reach, and 2-minute knee-up [2MK]) were measured before the
intervention and upon completion of the 10-week exercise intervention and the 6-week
detraining. All data were analyzed by a mixed two-way ANOVA. Significant level was
set at α= .05.
rEsuLT: The results showed that body weight (EG: ↓1.2%; CG:↑0.5%; p=0.02),
CS (EG:↑61.9%; CG:↓2.2%, p=0.00), AC (EG:↑43.0%; CG:↑6.8%, p=0.01), and
2MK (EG:↑33.2%; CG:↑3.5%, p=0.00) were significantly influenced by the 10-week
of GBSA; whereas no significant difference between groups was found in body
composition. After the 6-week of detraining, the levels in CS (EG: 17.18 ± 2.75 vs.
26.73 ± 4.76 times/30 sec., CG: 22.91 ± 7.50 vs. 24.77 ± 7.13 times/30 sec., p=0.00),
AC (EG: 14.49 ± 4.42 vs. 24.55 ± 5.07 times/ 30 sec., CG: 20.64 ± 4.30 vs. 24.45
± 4.11 times/ 30 sec., p=0.02) and 2MK (EG: 82.18 ± 14.89 vs. 107.36 ± 12.73
times/ 2min., CG: 96.91 ± 16.61 vs. 103.91 ± 19.13 times/ 2 min., p=0.02) remained
significantly elevated whereas the levels of body weight (53.62 ± 4.78 vs. 52.40 ±
5.07 kg, p=0.002) and BMI (22.25 ± 1.94 vs. 21.68 ± 1.99 kg/m2, p=0.004) remained
significantly lower compared to baseline in EG.
Vol. 45 No. 5 Supplement S307
CONCLusION: The findings of this study suggest that a 10-week GBSA appears to
improve functional fitness in PMW and these advantages remain steady after a 6-week
period of detraining.
Supported by National Council of Science NSC 100-2410-H-320-014.
1568 Board #160 May 30, 2:00 PM - 3:30 PM
Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve stimulation on
Cardiopulmonary responses during Endurance Exercise in
healthy subjects
Fernanda P. Tomasi1 , Gaspar R. Chiappa2 , Vinicius M. da Silva1 ,
Marianne L. da Silva1 , Alexandra Lima1 , Ross Arena3 , Gerson
Cipriano Jr. 1 . 1University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil. 2Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil. 3University of
New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM.
(No relationships reported)
PurPOsE: This study evaluated the hypothesis that application of transcutaneous
electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) at the ganglionic region improves aerobic exercise
performance in healthy subjects.
METhOds: 11 healthy males (age: 21.3 ± 2.4 years) performed two high-intensity
constant work exercise test (CWT) sessions on a cycle ergometer. The intensity for the
CWT sessions was determined by maximal exercise testing in the following way: the
level of oxygen consumption (VO2) that exceeded the first ventilatory threshold (VT)
by a value of 60% of the difference between peak VO2 and VT (~80% peak work rate).
TENS or placebo was randomly administered on each side of the vertebral process
at C7 (channel 1) and T4 (channel 2) for 30 min at rest prior to and during the entire
CWT sessions. Sessions were separated by 72 hours of rest. Peak oxygen pulse (VO2/
heart rate), gross mechanical efficiency (ME), and time to exercise fatigue (Tlim) were
obtained during both CWT sessions. Paired t-testing was used to compare variables of
interest between the two CWT sessions. The level of statistical significance was set at
p < 0.05 for all tests.
rEsuLTs: Tlim was significantly longer (390 s ± 41 vs. 321 ± 41 s; p < 0.05)
during the application of TENS in comparison with placebo. TENS also significantly
decreased oxygen pulse at peak exercise (17.96 ± 1.9 vs. 20.38 ± 1 ml/beat, p < 0.05)
in comparison to placebo. Lastly, ME improved during Tlim with TENS (3.95 ± 0.67
vs. 3.77 ± 0.45 %, p < 0.05).
CONCLusIONs: These results suggest TENS application results in improved
exercise performance in healthy subjects. Future research should determine if similar
effects are observed in patient populations with exercise limitations, such as heart
failure, diabetes and peripheral arterial disease.
1569 Board #161 May 30, 2:00 PM - 3:30 PM
The Effect Of Variety On Time spent In Moderate- To
Vigorous-intensity Physical activity
Hollie A. Raynor 1 , Dale S. Bond 2 . 1 University of Tennessee,
Knoxville, TN. 2 Brown Medical School, Providence, RI.
(No relationships reported)
Incorporating a variety of activities into a physical activity program may be a
strategy to increase moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA). While
observational research has shown that performing a variety of activities is associated
with higher MVPA levels, the effect of variety on amount of MVPA performed has not
been previously tested within an experimental paradigm.
PurPOsE: To conduct a laboratory-based investigation examining the effect
of having access to a greater variety of active videogames on minutes of MVPA
performed in non-obese, regularly active young adults.
METhOds: Twelve participants (age = 21.9 + 4.0 yrs; body mass index = 22.6
+ 3.0 kg/m2; 58.3% female; 66.7% white) who self-reported a history of playing
active videogames and habitual MVPA (293.8 + 103.6 min/wk), participated in
two experimental sessions, VARIETY (access to 4 different active videogames
during 4, 15-minute bouts) and NON-VARIETY (access to only the most highly
liked active videogame during 4, 15-minute bouts), with order of experimental
sessions counterbalanced across participants. According to 100 mm visual analogue
scales, participants liked the four Xbox 360 Kinect active videogames used in the
investigation (adventure game = 77.6 + 12.8 mm; dance = 76.8 + 16.0 mm; soccer
= 75.6 + 17.9 mm; tennis = 68.8 + 15.8 mm). During each bout, participants could
choose to engage in the active videogame or sit quietly and read magazines. The
Sensewear Mini Armband assessed MVPA duration.
rEsuLTs: Mixed-factor ANOVAs (between-subject factor of counter-balanced order
and within-subject factors of experimental session and bouts) indicated a significant
main effect of session, with VARIETY performing more MVPA than NON-VARIETY
(9.0 + 2.8 min vs. 5.8 + 4.2 min, p < 0.05). A significant main effect of bout was found
for MVPA-related energy expenditure, with bout 1 significantly greater than bout 4
(202.5 + 82.7 kcal vs. 111.0 + 62.3 kcal, p < 0.05), and a non-significant trend (p <
0.08) for a main effect of session, with VARIETY producing greater MVPA-related
energy expenditure than NON-VARIETY (179.5 + 90.3 kcal vs. 107.5 + 83.7 kcal).
CONCLusION: Providing access to a greater variety of activities within an exercise
session can increase amount of time engaged in MVPA.
Abstracts were prepared by the authors and printed as submitted.
Thursday, May 30, 2013