Thursday-Abstracts

Thursday, May 30, 2013
S332 Vol. 45 No. 5 Supplement
rEsuLTs: 74 athletes were injured during their sport season. FMS total score was
not different between those who sustained an injury (14.3±2.5) and those who did
not (14.1±2.4; p = 0.57). No ROC curve maximized sensitivity and specificity, so
previous published cut-point of 14 or less (n=92) vs. greater than 14 (n=78) was
used for analysis with injury (sensitivity = 54%, specificity 46%). After adjustment
for confounders, no statistically significant association between FMS total score
(dichotomoized at 14) and injury (odds ratio [OR] = 1.02, 95% confidence interval
[CI] 0.54 - 2.0) existed. Lunge was the only component that was statistically associated
with injury; those scoring 3 were less likely to have an injury compared with those
who scored 2 (OR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.08 - 0.58).
CONCLusIONs: Using a clinically relevant definition of injury, FMS total score was
a poor predictor of non-contact and overuse injury in this group of DI athletes. The
lunge was able to predict injury.
D-54 Thematic Poster - Injury Epidemiology
May 30, 2013, 3:15 PM - 5:15 PM
Room: 208
1726 Chair: Carlo Baldari, FACSM. University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
(No relationships reported)
1727 Board #1 May 30, 3:15 PM - 5:15 PM
The Eagle Tactical athlete Program reduces
Musculoskeletal Injuries in the 101st airborne division (air
assault)
Timothy C. Sell1 , John P. Abt1 , Takashi Nagai1 , Jennifer B.
Deluzio1 , Mita Lovalekar1 , Michael D. Wirt2 , Scott M. Lephart,
FACSM1 . 1University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. 2U.S Army’s
101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), Fort Campbell, KY.
(No relationships reported)
The Eagle Tactical Athlete Program (ETAP) was scientifically developed specifically
for the U.S Army’s 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) to counter the significant
number of sustained unintentional musculoskeletal injuries. ETAP was previously
demonstrated to improve human performance characteristics, but the capability of
ETAP to reduce injuries had not been studied.
PurPOsE: To determine if ETAP would reduce unintentional musculoskeletal
injuries in garrison in a group of 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) Soldiers.
METhOds: Non-commissioned officers led their respective units during physical
training following certification in the training components of ETAP as taught during
an ETAP Instructor Certification School. A total of 1641 Soldiers were enrolled (N =
1106 experimental group, N = 540 control group) to evaluate changes in injury data.
Injuries were tracked for 5 months prior to and after ETAP participation during a
pre-deployment workup phase. ICD-9CM codes were used to categorize preventable
musculoskeletal injuries (total, regional distribution, acute or overuse). A McNemar
analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of ETAP on the overall injury rate within
each group.
rEsuLTs: There was a significant reduction in overall injury rates (pre-ETAP:
209/1106 (18.9%), post-ETAP: 177/1106 (16.0%), p = 0.045) in the experimental
group while no differences in the control group were found. A reduction in injury rates
were also observed in overuse injuries and specific injuries to the lower extremity,
knee, and lumbopelvic region in the experimental group.
CONCLusIONs: The Eagle Tactical Athlete Program was scientifically designed
to optimize performance and reduce injuries. The current analysis demonstrated that
ETAP reduces preventable musculoskeletal injuries in garrison. The capability of
ETAP to reduce injuries confirms the vital role of a scientifically designed training
program on force readiness and health.
Supported by USAMRMC #W81XWH-11-2-0097
1728 Board #2 May 30, 3:15 PM - 5:15 PM
association of Physical Fitness assessments and Injury risk
among u.s. army soldiers
Timothy T. Bushman, Tyson Grier, Michelle Chervak, Morgan
Anderson, Bruce Jones, FACSM. United States Army Institute of
Public Health, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD.
(No relationships reported)
PurPOsE: Physical fitness assessments are commonly used to determine an athlete’s
performance abilities. It has been suggested that such assessments can also be used
to predict injury risk. To investigate the association of multiple physical fitness
assessments with injury risk among U.S. Army Soldiers.
METhOds: Male Soldiers aged 17-58 years completed the Functional Movement
Screening Test (FMS) (n = 1078), Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) (n = 1265),
2-mile run (part of the APFT) (n = 1537), Y-Balance (n = 1135), weighted 300-yard
shuttle run (n = 367), un-weighted 300-yard shuttle run (n = 1125), crossover hops (n
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE ®
= 1132), pull-ups (n = 1033), and vertical jump (n = 1140). Medical record data for
injuries nine months before and after fitness testing were obtained from the Defense
Medical Surveillance System; demographic and health behavior data were collected by
survey. A majority of the fitness assessment variables were categorized into quartiles
where Q1 = highest performance and Q4 = lowest performance. Multivariate odds
ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.
rEsuLTs: After controlling for age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and previous
injury; higher injury risk was associated with: FMS total score (OR(≤14/19-21)=1.62,
95%CI 1.04-2.54), Y-Balance posteromedial difference (OR(≥7.01 centimeters/≤2.00
centimeters)=1.53, 95%CI 1.02-2.28), and un-weighted 300-yard shuttle run
(OR(≥73.81 seconds/≤66.00 seconds)=1.86, 95%CI 1.19-2.91). Controlling for the
same variables, higher overuse injury risk was associated with: FMS total score
(OR(≤14/19-21)=1.86, 95%CI 1.13-3.05), (OR(15-16/19-21)=1.67, 95%CI 1.02-2.72),
Y-Balance posteromedial difference (OR(≥7.01 centimeters/≤2.00 centimeters)=1.91,
95%CI 1.21-3.00), and un-weighted 300-yard shuttle run (OR(≥73.81 seconds/≤66.00
seconds)=2.00, 95%CI 1.22-3.28).
CONCLusIONs: The FMS, Y-Balance, and un-weighted 300-yard shuttle run had
the highest risk for those who performed poorly or had asymmetries. These tests may
help identify Soldiers at risk of musculoskeletal injuries, such that interventions can be
put into place to reduce injury risk.
1729 Board #3 May 30, 3:15 PM - 5:15 PM
The utility of accessing Emergency department data for
sport and recreational Injury surveillance
Alex F. Howard, Julia F. Costich, Carl G. Mattacola, Svetla S.
Slavova, Heather M. Bush, F. Douglas Scutchfield. University of
Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
(No relationships reported)
Participation in sport and recreational physical activity carries with it an inherent risk
of injury, thereby necessitating the need for injury prevention efforts and identification
of risk factors. Surveillance systems are an effective means to identify injury risk
factors and develop appropriate injury prevention services. In 2009, Kentucky’s
Governor, Steve Beshear, signed into law House Bill 383 which called for a safety
assessment of all interscholastic athletics in Kentucky’s high schools and middle
schools. This action reiterated the importance of a dedicated sport injury surveillance
system (SISS); however, this legislative action was never implemented, prompting an
examination of injury risk factors, using emergency department data.
PurPOsE: To investigate the epidemiology of sport and recreational injury (SRI)
among middle and high school-aged Kentucky youth, using a population-based
surveillance technique.
METhOds: We analyzed unintentional injuries from the 2008-2010 Kentucky
emergency department (ED) administrative records for patients age 10-18 using
descriptive statistics. SRIs were identified based on external codes of injuries
(E-codes), according to International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification,
ninth revision (ICD-9-CM).
rEsuLTs: A total of 135,287 ED visits occurred between 2008-2010, of which
28,225 (20.9%) were related to participation in physical activity. Males accounted
for 73.1% of SRIs, with overall injury events peaking at age 14 for this age group.
The primary mechanisms for SRIs were being struck by or against something (55%),
falls (21.2%), cycling (12.2%), and overexertion ( 8.1%). Superficial contusions and
abrasions (32.9%), sprains and strains (30.2%), and fractures (14.6%) were the primary
ED diagnoses, and the total charges billed for SRIs were more than $31.7 million, or
21.2% of the total charges billed for all unintentional injuries.
CONCLusIONs: The present study illustrates the use of ED data, specifically
E-codes, as surveillance tools to provide information on the distribution of injuries,
risk factors for injury, and an estimate of their economic impact. In the absence of a
dedicated SISS, ED data could be used to inform decision making about youth sports
and physical activity related injuries and their prevention.
1730 Board #4 May 30, 3:15 PM - 5:15 PM
What are The risk Factors For running-related
Musculoskeletal Injuries? a systematic review
Bruno T. Saragiotto, Tiê P. Yamato, Luiz Carlos Hespanhol
Junior, Alexandre Dias Lopes. Universidade Cidade de São
Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
(No relationships reported)
The number of runners has grown significantly over the past decade and the health
benefits of running are already well known. However, the number of running injuries is
high. Despite several studies have been conducted on running injuries, the risk factors
for running-related injuries is still not clear in the literature.
PurPOsE:The aim of this study is to systematically review the risk factors for
overall running-related musculoskeletal injuries.
METhOds:: We conducted an electronic search on EMBASE (1981 to May
2012), MEDLINE (1973 to May 2012), SPORTDiscus (1977 to May 2012), Latin
American and Caribbean Centre on Health Sciences Information (LILACS) (1986 to
May 2012) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) (1998 to May 2012)
databases, without a limit on date of publication. Only prospective studies aimed to
ACSM May 28 - June 1, 2013 Indianapolis, Indiana