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Official Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine 10=worst pain), secondary outcome parameters were oDASH score [0=no impairment, 100=severe impairment] oGrip strength (JAMAR) [kg] in 0° and 90° elbow flexion oVibration using 128 Hz tuning fork ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01269879. rEsuLTs: •Pain was reduced in the vibration training only group (A) from 3.6±2.0 to 2.4±2.0 (p=0.019) and in the combination group (Flexi-Bar + XCO-Trainer) from 3.6±2.3 to 2.1±1.8 (p=0.002) oThere was no intergroup difference in terms of pain reduction superiority (figure 1) •DASH: Improvement in both groups (A: 30±13 to 14±12, p=0.001; B: 26±13 to 12±11, p=0.001, no intergroup differences) •Grip strength: significant improvement in 0° elbow flexion in both groups •128 Hz tuning fork: Improvement in both groups (A: 6.1 to 6.3, B: 6.1±0.8 to 6.4±0.6, both p
<strong>Thursday</strong>, May 30, 2013 S250 Vol. 45 No. 5 Supplement 1286 Board #232 May 30, 9:00 AM - 10:30 AM heterogeneous Mechanomyographic activity of Wrist Extensors in response to Eccentric Exercise Afshin Samani1 , Ernst A. Hansen1 , Adam Kawczynski2 , Pascal Madeleine1 . 1Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark. 2University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland. (No relationships reported) The mechanomyography (MMG) signal furnishes information on the intrinsic muscle mechanical activity. Heterogeneous MMG activity has been reported for erector spinae and trapezius muscle during sustained contraction but no studies have investigated the effects of high intensity eccentric exercise on the spatio-temporal MMG activity. PurPOsE: To investigate spatio-temporal MMG activity of wrist extensor muscles before and after eccentric exercise in healthy subjects. METhOds: Twelve volunteers performed one bout of repeated eccentric exercise at high intensity involving wrist extensors of the dominant arm. MMG signals from wrist extensors were detected by means of accelerometers placed over 12 points forming a 3×4 grid. MMG recordings were made during standardized wrist isometric, concentric and eccentric contractions performed before, immediately after and 24 hours after eccentric exercise. Root mean square (RMS) and percentage of determinism (%DET) of the MMG signals were computed to estimate the level muscular activation and the amount of regularity of the MMG signals. RMS and %DET were used as markers of neuromuscular changes due to fatigue and delayed onset muscle soreness. rEsuLTs: Muscle strength decreased by 14% and soreness intensity was 4.1 ± 0.8 cm (mean ± SEM) 24 hours after eccentric exercise. There was a significant increase in RMS immediately after and 24 hours after compared with before eccentric exercise, respectively 23.8 and 15.5 vs. 13.3 ± 0.3 mm/s-2 (P < 0.05). The %DET was higher at 24 hours after compared with before and immediately after eccentric exercise, respectively 96.7 vs. 95.8 and 96.0 ± 0.1 % (P < 0.05). The RMS and %DET depended on the accelerometer locations (P < 0.001) with higher RMS values (25 %) and lower %DET (1.4 %) on extensor digitorum communis compared with extensor carpi radialis ulnaris. CONCLusIONs: These present study depicted neuromuscular changes exemplified by increase MMG activity and regularity in MMG signals in presence of delayed onset muscle soreness. Inhomogeneous MMG activity in wrist extensors muscles was also found confirming the importance of using multiple recording sites when assessing muscle MMG activity. Supported by GigtForeningen R77-A1202 and Danish Ministry of Culture Committee on Sports Research grants. 1287 Board #233 May 30, 9:00 AM - 10:30 AM Comparison of Electromyographic activity of Muscles associated with Elbow Flexion using different resistance devices Melissa Humphres, Cole Sillaman, Craig Parker, Christine Rettig, Peter Jordan, Patrick Sells. Belmont University, Nashville, TN. (No relationships reported) BaCKGrOuNd: Research has demonstrated that forces exerted on muscles when using different resistance devices significantly affect how the muscles respond and develop. Moreover, exercise performed in stable environments will isolate and recruit individual muscles to achieve a desired motion, while exercise in unstable environments will globally recruit groups of muscles to achieve the same motion. Researchers of this study were looking to combine these two notions to determine if a potentially stable device would elicit more muscle activity within an individual muscle, and if a potentially unstable device would require recruitment of additional muscles. The newly designed HaloBell is designed to distribute its weight evenly in all planes providing a potentially stable device, and the dumbbell distributes its weight to the poles of the device in a single plane providing a potentially more unstable device. PurPOsE: The purpose of this study is to determine if different resistance devices, the traditional dumbbell and the HaloBell, yield different levels of muscle activity in the elbow flexors during a standard biceps curl. METhOds: EMG activity was collected from 33 healthy participants that completed a MVIC in three positions. After randomizing the trials, subjects underwent four sets of three repetitions of elbow flexion in order to use each device in midposition and supination. Data was analyzed using a 3x2x2 ANOVA. rEsuLTs: A significant difference (p < 0.05) was found between devices with the forearm in midposition (p = 0.033) for the biceps brachii; the HaloBell was found to elicit less EMG activity (48% of MVIC) than the traditional dumbbell (50% of MVIC). The data did not produce any significant differences between devices with any other combinations examined. CONCLusION: The overall findings were not pronounced, and inferences that can be made from the data are limited. It cannot be concluded that the HaloBell is able to definitively elicit a greater EMG activity in target muscles compared to the traditional dumbbell. However, EMG activity was similar between the two devices suggesting similar efficacy. MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE ® 1288 Board #234 May 30, 9:00 AM - 10:30 AM shoulder Joint reaction Forces during Wheelchair Propulsion With arms and arm-legs By The Elderly Xiang Ke 1 , Yaping Zhong 2 , Peng Liu 2 , Yong Tai Wang, FACSM 3 . 1 Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA. 2 Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China. 3 Shandong Sport University and Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA. (No relationships reported) PurPOsE: This study was to investigate the difference of SJRFs between wheelchair propulsion with arms (AP) and with combination of arms and legs (ALP) in the elderly. METhOds: Fourteen subjects aged 65 to 90 years old were recruited from local assisted living facilities, with five in AP group and nine in ALP group. Each subject performed two wheelchair locomotive activities (moving straight or along a curved line) at self-comfortable speed, using three different types of wheelchairs (drive-axis positioned in the front, middle, or rear). A Qualisys motion analysis system was employed to record and analyzed 3-D kinematical data from the land-markers of the right shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee and ankle, and 5 th metacarpal joints. A JR3 force measurement system built in the drive-axis was used to record 3-D right hand contact reaction forces from the pushrim. Peak SJRFs were predicted by an inverse dynamic model. The differences of SJFRs between two groups across two locomotive activities and three wheelchair types were determined by a three-way ANOVA, and the differences between two groups, in straight or curved locomotive activities with the same wheelchair type were compared by an Independent T test. rEsuLTs: SJFRs between AP group and ALP group across wheelchair activities and types were 78.5±7.9 N and 74.9±5.9 N (p=.716) and no differences were identified between the two groups across wheelchair activities and types, except for the interaction of three factors (group, wheelchair activity and type) together. In the straight wheelchair activity, there were no significant differences between AP and ALP groups with neither middle nor rear drive-axis wheelchairs (82.9±49.6 vs 48.3±11.6N, p=.195; 66.4±20.2 vs 50.0±14.1N, p=.098, respectively), but a significant difference was founded when propelling with front drive-axis wheelchair (55.2±14.7 vs 126.9±63.1 N, p=.009). No significant differences were found between the two groups in the curved activity with respect to the front, or middle, or rear drive-axis wheelchair (67.2±27.3 vs 55.2±14.1N, p=.291; 75.9±37.5 vs 81.1±45.3N, p=.833; 123.6±97.6 vs 88.2±53.3N, p=.484, correspondingly). CONCLusIONs: The involvement of legs with arms may not effectively facilitate reduction of SJFR for the elderly during wheelchair propulsion. 1289 Board #235 May 30, 9:00 AM - 10:30 AM does Mode of Wheelchair Propulsion Influence Interlimb Wrist Coordination? Mark D. Tillman, FACSM, Patty Hovis, Lisa A. Zukowski, Jaimie A. Roper, Dana M. Otzel, Orit Shechtman, Ryan Roemmich. Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL. (No relationships reported) Individuals who use manual wheelchairs for mobility have increased risk of upper extremity pain that can lead to loss of mobility and decreased quality of life. In fact, 49 to 63% of conventional manual wheelchair (CMW) users suffer from carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Our recent work has revealed that use of an ergonomic hand drive (EHD) mechanism for propulsion improves utilizes more neutral wrist orientation. In addition, other researchers have indicated that interlimb coordination is constrained (and potentially harmful) in CMW users with shoulder pain. Similar effects may occur at the wrist when using different propulsion techniques and have not been investigated. PurPOsE: To evaluate interlimb coordination of the wrist via cross-correlation coefficients (CCC) in relation to angular movements while using an EHD mechanism and a CMW. METhOds: Fourteen full-time CMW users (41.4±15.9 yrs, 73.4±16.7 kg, and 172.3±12.9 cm) participated in the study. Motion data were captured by 11 cameras as participants propelled across a length of 8m completing 5 trials in a CMW and 5 trials in the same CMW fitted with the EHD. Angular kinematics and CCC of the wrist (flexion/extension, radial/ulnar deviation) were calculated with the understanding that lower values would indicate reduced symmetry and constraint. At least one push phase was analyzed per trial and all trials were combined to calculate an average push per participant. CCC from the two propulsion styles were compared using paired samples t-tests (α=0.05). rEsuLTs: Use of the EHDM resulted in reduced flexion/extension CCC compared to CMW (0.509 and 0.908, respectively; p=0.012). Radial/ulnar deviation CCC did not vary between propulsion techniques (p>0.05). CONCLusION: EHD use resulted in reduced interlimb coordination regarding wrist flexion/extension. These results indicate that EHD employment may ease constraints on wrist flexion and extension during wheeling. The observed differences in coordination/symmetry may have clinical implications regarding overuse injuries of the wrist including CTS. This work supported by the Clinical and Translational Science Institute Pilot & Collaborative Research Projects (NIH: UL1 RR02980). The EHD is the intellectual property of Shands Healthcare. ACSM May 28 - June 1, 2013 Indianapolis, Indiana
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