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"Rcview of propccd flight dury rcgulaúors" The Flight Duty Regulation Scientifrc Study Crroup 6. R,cfcrenccs l. US Gorn Fedent Aviation Adminisuation Flight Crcwroembcr Dury Period Limiutions, Flight Time limitetiors ar¡d Rcst Rcquireruens. Notitæ of proposed rulemaking (NPRM). Fe ù ral Re gisu r 1995;û(2U) :6595 I {O. 2. Borbely AA Beumann F, Brarideis D, Strer.rch l. I chrn¡¡rn D, Sleep deprivaúon: efrect on slæp st¡tÊs.nd EEG pouærdersity i¡ man fuctocnccplulogrqhy & Clinical N e urophysiob gy I 9t I ;5 I (5):483-95. 3. Carskadon It{A Brown ED, DernentWC, Steep fraþcnarion in the elderl¡c relaúonship to da¡ime slccp ændetrcy. Ncurotioloçy of Aging 19t23(a):321-7. 4. C¡rskadon llÀDement lVC, Effecs of otal sleep loss oo sbep ændency. Pucepul &. M o ø r St¡r¿r Vl 9 :atQ):495-5O6. 5. Rosenth¡l L Merloai L Ræhrs TÀ Roth T, Enforced 2+bour necoyery following sleep deprivation Sbcp I 99 I : I a{5):44t-53. 6. Borbely Al{. Bddercr G, Tract¡sel L Tobler I, Efræt of mi.l'"olam and sleç deprivation on day-tinre slecp proper¡sily. Arovimine l- Forschung 1985 35( I I ) : I 69G9. 7 . Moorc-Edc MC, Czeisler CÀ Rict¡ardson GS, Circadian ti¡oekeeping in health and disease. JV. hgL J. Med 1983:3ú:469-76 & 530-6. t. Richa¡dson GS, Ca¡skadon MA Orav EI, Denrent WC, Ci¡cedian va¡iation of sleep tendency in elderly and young adult subþts Sleep l9t2;5(Suppl.2):t2-94. 9. Czeisler CÀ Johr¡son MP, Kronauer RE, Exposre to bright light and dark¡pss to nighr work [sce commens[ New EnglotúJournal of M 10. Czeisler CÀ Allan JS, Strogau SH. et al., Bright light resets tlrc human circadian pacemaker indcpeadent of tþ timing of tbe sleepwake c¡cle Sciace l9tó;233(a7&4):fÉ7- 7t. I l. Czcisler CÀ tkon¡uer RE, Allen JS. et d., Bright light indrrction of st¡ong (rnc 0) rcseaing of tlrc humut circadiar¡ pacernaker. Science l9t9;24(4910):132t-33. 12. NASA, Pibtluígue and circdian ùsynchronosrs. . 1980. Arnes Resc¡rch Cenæn Moffeu Field. C,t 13. Folkard S, Effccs on performancc cffrciency. In: Colquhoun P. Costa, Fotk¡¡d S,Knauth R. eds.Sår¡porb Theory and Prac¡ic¿. Frankfun am MainJtær L:.ng, 1995:in pre{is. 14. Daan S. Bccrsrna DG, Borbely A,A. lming of human slecp: recovery process gated by a ci¡caöar¡ pæmalcr. Anurican Jounal of Physiobgy 19t/'24l2 R 2):Rl6l-t3. 15. Walsh JK. Schweitzer PK. A¡rch All. Muehlbach MJ. Jenkirs NA. Dicki¡s QS, Sleepiness/alen¡rcss on a simulated night shift following sleep at home with t¡iazolant Sleep l99l;14(2):14,Gó. 16. Eastman CL Boulos Z. Terman M, Campbell SS. Dijk DJ, I.ewy AJ, Light trear¡nent for sleep disordcrs: consensus report- Vt- Shift worlc Jownal of Biobgical Rhythms 1995; l0(2):157-óa. 11. Rosa RR.Bor¡riet MH. Performa¡rcc and alertness on t h and 12 h rotating shifs at a natural gas utility. Ergonomics 1993;3ó( 10): l 1 77 -93. I t. U.S. Congress Offlce of Technology Asscssrnenl. Biological Rhythms: Implicatiow for the Workr,. 1991. U.S.Government Prinúng Office. n3
"Revicw of propæcd flight dury rcgulatkns The Flight Dury Regulatio¡r Scientific Su¡dy Group 19. Mellor EF. Shift wort ar¡d flexirime: How prevalent ¡ue they? Monthly Labr Rcview I986(Nov/t6):pp I4-2 l' 20. Akersredr T, Sleepiness as a coreequence of shift work Slcep l9tt;l l(l):17-34. 21. Rosebnd MR, Gandcr PFL Milþr DL, et aL. Fatigue in ope raúonal setongs: examples from thc aviation cnvi¡onmenL Hunun Fæørs ß9A36Q):327'3t- 22. 23. 24. Rosekind M. Wegnann H, Dingcs D, Graebcr R. Sa¡oel A. Principles utd Cuidelines for Dury and Rcsr Scheduling in Commercial Aúation /VAS/{ Teclnical Menorandunt 1995;in press. Sanquist TF, Raby M, Lce ID. United Søtes Cæst Gurd Al¿rytes¡ ond Fatigue Re' sea¡èh Progrant- n Hunst Facon on Bæ¡ù Thc lrrfoence ol rlv Man-Machiru Interfacc on Safcry of Navigarion. 1995. B¡Emen, Germany. Rosekind M, Gracbcr R, Dingcs D, et al., Crew Facors in Flight Opentiors D
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Airline Air Wisconsin Alaska Allegh
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AVIATION RULEMAKING ADVISORY COI\Í
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-..-.-__-^ Another reference is A S
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121 .xxx Reserve Rest (a) (b) (c) P
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12l.xxx Reseme Rest Part II: Pilots
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(2) Rescheduling the beginning of a
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(c) A certiftcate holder may assign
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(d) When there are no other resene
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A Example: Example: For augmented I
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. . . It is important to realize th
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(3) Rescheduling the Protected rime
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with time since awake for all times
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alerting is gone, when you're alone
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circadian lo*'¡here is a very shar
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(d) When there are no other reseme
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a A a A a A We're shooting around t
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V X I q N g d d V
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Table of Contents l.O Crcnerat Prin
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INTRODUCTION PrinciPles and Guideli
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has obtaincd required sle+ will be
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speciñc principles and guidetines
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perfomrance-impairing fatigue. Ther
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2.7 summary overview: Guidelines an
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REPORT DOCU]VI ËNì AI'ION PAUts,
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Uterature Reyiex' An Overvlew of th
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\l'hat Is Fatigue The oblectir.e of
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cf inaction t1'pical of fatigue (Nc
Page 55 and 56: The orderty planning and sequencing
Page 57 and 58: mrcrosleeps can also lead to enor o
Page 59 and 60: \ hen in fact they *'ere in thc pro
Page 61 and 62: shift *orkers (Colligan & Tepas. 19
Page 63 and 64: Environmental Factors The ph¡sical
Page 65 and 66: exrended or reduced ,{,lthough resu
Page 67 and 68: concluded (hat at least ló hou¡so
Page 69 and 70: thar re:tncrrng sleep to 5 hor.¡¡
Page 71 and 72: e\rernal en\rronrrcnt around the24
Page 73 and 74: L¡,m- and orlad¡ ( 198 I ). in th
Page 75 and 76: addit¡on murriplc missions and cum
Page 77 and 78: Augmented Cren's Linle rescarch has
Page 79 and 80: urnc asle€p and auditory th¡esho
Page 81 and 82: Denrcnt. \\'. c.. c¿¡skadon. M. 4
Page 83 and 84: Hamson. Y.. Horne.J. A' (1997)' Sle
Page 85 and 86: Lun¡.T D..French J.&Mircha.J.L (19
Page 87 and 88: (Eds.). Ìtiight and Shift \\'ork.
Page 89 and 90: p,oceedings o_f a sepr,-ntber r99J
Page 91 and 92: O X-éZlrj¡ú'uÞ
Page 93 and 94: "Review of propccd flþht d-ury E4l
Page 95 and 96: 'i!îiîri'Jüffi ,['å3åo,ilfi ff
Page 97 and 98: "Review of proposcd flight d-uty rc
Page 99 and 100: "Review of proposcd flight dury rcg
Page 101 and 102: "Rerriew of pmposcd flight duty æg
Page 103 and 104: "Rcview of proposcd flight d-ury re
Page 105: "Review of proposcd flight d-ury rc
Page 109 and 110: Remarks by Dr. William Dement to th
Page 111 and 112: The second thing is that all sleep
Page 113 and 114: Well, there's an ideal time to slee
Page 115 and 116: I'm typicallv so sleep depriaed tha
Page 117 and 118: Coing beyond that, what is probably
Page 119 and 120: could certainly get the probability
Page 121 and 122: that WOCL, if you will. Whether it'
Page 123 and 124: It seems lilce common sense. Fairly
Page 125 and 126: All sorts of things happen, but the
Page 127 and 128: Fatigue, Alcohol and Perforrnance I
Page 129: taj X-VZFJ¡ÉFúÞ
Page 132 and 133: TNTRODUCTION The rcgative ::-pa:i o
Page 134 and 135: }IETHOD Subjccts Tweuty-two partici
Page 136 and 137: Druing test sessions, subjects were
Page 138 and 139: (t:00em¡:esing sesslcn of each con
Page 140 and 141: P€rformance pruErneter \Àas asso
Page 142 and 143: irnpaircd by apprcx:raarely 6 87ó
Page 144 and 145: -+-.r more complex neurobcbsvior¡r
Page 146 and 147: A rurth:r expla:ration for thc dtff
Page 148 and 149: REFERE]{CES Angus, R.G. and Heslegn
Page 150 and 151: Mullaney, D.J., Kripkc, D.F., Flec&
Page 152 and 153: TABLE I Summary of li¡ea¡ rgessio
Page 154 and 155: e ;U tr E.2 I 6 o 8.6 ¡u l z-¿ -1
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t) 2 a E e ê. 1) G C () 'l I 1 -¡
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I I äãË 's.8 ¡ Zã¿ .- , ¡r
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Crev. tattgue tactors m a\nauon ac
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Cre'., fattgue tactors tn auarlon a
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AIR CARRIER OPERATIONS ISSUES GROUP
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L AIR LINE PILOTS 535 HEFìNDON PAF
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Economic Impact Industr.v/managemen
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Daæ: Februarl' l, 1999 To: Air Ca
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ARAC WORKING GROUP PILOT MEMBERS SU
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Airline Air Wisconsin Alaska Allegh
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AVIATION RULEMAKING ADVISORY CONÍM
Page 179 and 180:
Another reference is A Sci¿n¡ific
Page 181 and 182:
l2l.xxx Reserve Rest PART I: PROPOS
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Part II: Pilots' Proposal with Inte
Page 185 and 186:
(2) Rescheduling the beginning of a
Page 187 and 188:
(c) A certiftcate holder may assign
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(d) When therc ore no olher resene
Page 191 and 192:
A Example: Example: For augmented I
Page 193 and 194:
. . . It is importanr to realize th
Page 195 and 196:
t (3) Rescheduling the Protected Ti
Page 197 and 198:
with tirne since awake for all time
Page 199 and 200:
alerting is gone. when you're alone
Page 201 and 202:
circadian low there is a very sharp
Page 203 and 204:
t (d) When lhere are no other reser
Page 205 and 206:
Q: We're shooting a¡ound the subje
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a o a
Page 210 and 211:
Teblc of Contents 1.0 -'i.iéi;;,t;
Page 212 and 213:
- Ch¡.lleugç to Human Pbysiologr
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¡s ob¡ai¡rcd required sle+ *ill
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spcciñc prirriptes and guidclincs
Page 218 and 219:
pcrformancc-impairing fatig.ß Tlpr
Page 220 and 221:
2.? Summary Overview: Guidelines ¡
Page 222:
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Fotn 49a6
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I)teralure R¿r ¡e x An Ovcrvtew o
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\t'h¡t ls Fatigue The ob¡ccti'e o
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Sccrcury Ron Brown funher illustrar
Page 231 and 232:
The orderly planning and sequencing
Page 233 and 234:
mlcrosleeps can also lead to enor o
Page 235 and 236:
\Ahcn in fact thcy r¡'erc in t5c p
Page 237 and 238:
shift uorken (Colligan & Tepas. l9t
Page 239 and 240:
Environmentel Factots The phrsic¡l
Page 241 and 242:
ex¡cnded or reduced. Although resu
Page 243 and 244:
conclu,Jed rhar at lcast l6 hor¡n
Page 245 and 246:
that re:tnctrng slecp to 5 hou¡s p
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errernsl en\rronrEnt afound rhe 24
Page 249 and 250:
L¡m- e¡¡,J orlad) ( lggl). in rh
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addiúon multiplc missions and cumu
Page 253 and 254:
.\ugrnented Crews Linlc resca¡ch h
Page 255 and 256:
unÉ aslecP and auditor)'th¡eshold
Page 257 and 258:
Derrrnr. \\' C.. C¿¡skadon. M A"
Page 259 and 260:
H¡¡rison. Y. Horne.J. A. t1997).
Page 261 and 262:
Lun¡.T D..French.J.&Mi¡cha.J L rl
Page 263 and 264:
Eds ). Night and Shrft tt'ork' P-.\
Page 265 and 266:
p,oceedtngs o-f o Septrntber l99J l
Page 268 and 269:
A SCMTSTTHC Rg\ÆW OF PNOPOSSP RTCU
Page 270 and 271:
"Review of proposcd ftiSht d-ury tr
Page 272 and 273:
"Rernew of proposcd flight dury rcg
Page 274 and 275:
ff îíä?'effi ,trslågr'f#J"iTö'
Page 276 and 277:
'*îïä?'Jüffi ,['å3å'üitr#.i"
Page 278 and 279:
"Review of proposcd flighr dury reg
Page 280 and 281:
'l,cview of propæcd ftight d-ury r
Page 282 and 283:
"Rcview of proposcd flight duty rcg
Page 285 and 286:
Remarks by Dr. William Dement to th
Page 287 and 288:
Well, there's an ideal time to slee
Page 289 and 290:
I wanted to say three or four thing
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So those are the three main things.
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-fact thnt t hours nny be adequate
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you tolerate before you have a micr
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do some studies and vou can demonst
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First of all, why does he have to r
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cognitive psychomotor perforrnance
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SUMMARY The present study systemati
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t, While this initial study clearly
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The simple sensory comparison task
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eathalyser (Lion Alcolrneter S-D2,
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RESULTS Alcohol Intoxication Condit
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DISCUSSION In the present study mod
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alcohol intoxication and sustained
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Participants may explain, at least
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sustained wakefulness and actual dr
Page 323 and 324:
Fiorica, V., Higgins. E.4.. Iampiet
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TABLE f . Summary of ANOVA results
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.l) H^ .o -5 q, R -to It E .I.5 ax
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o0 c .ð -5 o P -10 ..A ã e o1 -t5
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Êro .l Ë € rn o- À IÞ -( -ro
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'. rev, ¡atlguc Iaclot> úr dv¡ô
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Cre t lattgue laflors m allatlon ac
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INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF TEAMST
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PROPOSED REGULATORY LANGUAGE 121.xx
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ARAC RESERVE DUTY WORKING GROUP IND
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ARAC Reserve Duty' Worbng Group Ind
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AR,{'C Rescn'e Dutv Work¡ng Group
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AR.AC Resen e Dut¡' Workrng Group
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proposal includes a provision that
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Rest Period: ARAC Reserve Duty and
Page 354 and 355:
Attachment 2 Alternative Reserve Du
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ARAC Flight Crew Reserve Time Worki
Page 358 and 359:
NATIONAL AIR TRANSPORTATION ASSOCIA
Page 360 and 361:
January 15, 1999 Pnrlrous REsr Foll
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t4910-131 DEPARÍÌ{ENT OF TRAI{SPO
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Admlnístrator finds necesSary for
Page 366:
similar language is contained in Se
Page 369 and 370:
Rest Period: ATA Proposed Reserve R
Page 371 and 372:
i I t-. :.-::l '!i¡9 ';:r Mr. Dona
Page 373 and 374:
ALPA's HANGAR Page 1 of2 Volume 6,
Page 375 and 376:
Letter: FAA Interpretation of FAR 1
Page 377 and 378:
Letter: FAA Interpretation of FAR l
Page 379 and 380:
Letter: FAA Interpretation of FAR 1
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