The Jeremiad Over Journalism

De Vreese emphasizes that, ―frames are specific textual and visual elements or ‗framing devices‘,‖
which are distinct from the ―core news facts‖ of the remaining news story.‖ 227 More specifically,
Capella and Jamieson have established three criteria that must be met in order for a frame to be
located in a text. First, ―the frame should have identifiable conceptual and linguistic characteristics.
Second, it should be commonly observed in journalistic practice. Third, the frames should be able to
be reliably distinguished from other frames.‖ 228
Patterson, among others, 229 has pointed to a development in political frames, which have moved
from focus on issues over focus on strategy to journalists‘ ―self-referential reflections on the nature
of the interplay between political public relations and political journalism,‖ called metacoverage. 230
Additionally, when comparing the United States‘ news coverage with that of European countries,
scholars have, among other things, found that the strategy news frame is more common in French
news than in American, 231 while a study between Sweden and the United States found strategy
coverage more prevalent in the American media system. 232
Conclusion
The above section has provided a definition for the concept of framing emphasizing the journalists
active role in selecting and highlighting aspects of an event. Framing is argued to take place based
on organizational routines within media institutions, and also argued to have real consequences for
how individuals on the receiving end understand and act based on the news. Additionally, this
section has provided a brief introduction to the concept of issue and strategy frames in relation to
political campaigns. 233 The following chapter will analyze structural Americanization in relation to
Danish journalism focusing on strategy, economy and technology.
227 Vreese, "News Framing: Theory and Typology." Page 54. ―The distinction between core elements and framecarrying
elements has effectively been applied in the operationalization of news frames in most studies of framing
effects.‖
228 Capella and Jamieson, Spiral of Cynicism: The Press and the Public Good. Page 47.
229 Thomas E. Patterson, Out of Order (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1993). Capella and Jamieson, Spiral of Cynicism:
The Press and the Public Good. Or Schudson, The Sociology of News. Page 92-114.
230 Holli A. Semetko and Patti M. Valkenburg, "Framing European Politics: A Content Analysis of Press and Television
News," Journal of Communication 50, no. 2 (2000). Page 17.
231 Hallin and Benson, "How States, Markets and Globalization Shape the News: The French and US National Press,
1965-97." Page 39.
232 Strömbäck and Dimitrova, "Political and Media Systems Matter: A Comparison of Election News Coverage in
Sweden and the United States." Page 141-142.
233 In this project, issue frames are defined as stories where a political candidate‘s explicit political viewpoints or a
candidate‘s proposed solutions to the country‘s challenges are presented, while the strategy frames are focused on who
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