2007 Summaries of Wildlife Research Findings - Minnesota State ...

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Appendix C: Treatment Messages Control Message: Nationwide there is concern about the effects of using lead shot while hunting small game. Although lead is the primary component of shot and has been used for a couple of centuries, there are environmental concerns associated with its continued use. The use of lead shot for waterfowl hunting has been banned nationwide since 1991. The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources is examining the issue of further restricting the use of lead shot in the state. Some other states are also examining this issue and some have already taken action. One recommendation of an advisory committee to the DNR is to phase out the use of lead shot for all small game species in the farmland zone on all public and private lands. (The farmland zone includes a large area in southern and western Minnesota that was historically prairie and has now been largely converted to row crops and pasture. The farmland zone generally does not include the forested areas in central and northern Minnesota.) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Treatment 1—Basic factual message: Twenty six states have begun regulating the use of lead shot beyond existing restrictions for waterfowl hunting. Lead is a toxin that can kill humans and wildlife when it is eaten. Recent news reports have described concerns related to lead in children’s toys and discussed how doves, loons, and trumpeter swans have died from lead poisoning. A regulation banning lead shot will protect wildlife and support a healthy environment. Banning lead shot will improve the image of hunters, safeguard hunting opportunities, and preserve our hunting heritage. Support a ban on toxic lead shot in Minnesota’s farmland zone. (The farmland zone includes a large area in southern and western Minnesota that was historically prairie and has now been largely converted to row crops and pasture. The farmland zone generally does not include the forested areas in central and northern Minnesota.) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Treatment 2—Basic factual with DNR declarative statement: Twenty six states have begun regulating the use of lead shot beyond existing restrictions for waterfowl hunting. Lead is a toxin that can kill humans and wildlife when it is eaten. Recent news reports have described concerns related to lead in children’s toys and discussed how doves, loons, and trumpeter swans have died from lead poisoning. A regulation banning lead shot will protect wildlife and support a healthy environment. Banning lead shot will improve the image of hunters, safeguard hunting opportunities, and preserve our hunting heritage. The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources would like your support of a ban on toxic lead shot in Minnesota’s farmland zone. (The farmland zone includes a large area in southern and western Minnesota that was historically prairie and has now been largely converted to row crops and pasture. The farmland zone generally does not include the forested areas in central and northern Minnesota.) 332
Appendix C: Treatment Messages Treatment 3—Basic factual with concession question: Twenty six states have begun regulating the use of lead shot beyond existing restrictions for waterfowl hunting. Lead is a toxin that can kill humans and wildlife when it is eaten. Recent news reports have described concerns related to lead in children’s toys and discussed how doves, loons, and trumpeter swans have died from lead poisoning. A regulation banning lead shot will protect wildlife and support a healthy environment. Banning lead shot will improve the image of hunters, safeguard hunting opportunities, and preserve our hunting heritage. Why would you oppose regulations banning the use of toxic shot? (The farmland zone includes a large area in southern and western Minnesota that was historically prairie and has now been largely converted to row crops and pasture. The farmland zone generally does not include the forested areas in central and northern Minnesota.) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Treatment 4—Basic factual with qualifier: Twenty six states have begun regulating the use of lead shot beyond existing restrictions for waterfowl hunting. Lead is a toxin that can kill humans and wildlife when it is eaten. Recent news reports have described concerns related to lead in children’s toys and discussed how doves, loons, and trumpeter swans have died from lead poisoning. Although it means additional government regulation, a regulation banning lead shot will protect wildlife and support a healthy environment. Banning lead shot will improve the image of hunters, safeguard hunting opportunities, and preserve our hunting heritage. Support a ban on toxic lead shot in Minnesota’s farmland zone. (The farmland zone includes a large area in southern and western Minnesota that was historically prairie and has now been largely converted to row crops and pasture. The farmland zone generally does not include the forested areas in central and northern Minnesota.) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Treatment 5—Value expressive: Twenty six states have begun regulating the use of lead shot beyond existing restrictions for waterfowl hunting. Lead is a toxin that can kill humans and wildlife when it is eaten. Recent news reports have described concerns related to lead in children’s toys and discussed how doves, loons, and trumpeter swans have died from lead poisoning. You love nature and the outdoors and value your hunting heritage. You want future generations to enjoy hunting and outdoor experiences like you do now. A regulation banning lead shot will protect wildlife and support a healthy environment. Banning lead shot will improve the image of hunters, safeguard hunting opportunities, and preserve our hunting heritage. Support a ban on toxic lead shot in Minnesota’s farmland zone. (The farmland zone includes a large area in southern and western Minnesota that was historically prairie and has now been largely converted to row crops and pasture. The farmland zone generally does not include the forested areas in central and northern Minnesota.) 333
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Summaries of Wildlife Research Find
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September 2008 State of Minnesota,
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The value of farm programs for prov
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Understanding variations in autumn
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MANAGING BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS IN WHI
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3 the lungs or chest cavity that we
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" Winter 2007 Deer Removal Location
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METHODS The MNDNR planned to sample
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Table 1. Bird species sampled for h
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Table 2 continued. Northern Pintail
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Blood was centrifuged and serum was
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Liver and Lung Culture A total of 1
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Positive results indicate exposure
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ESTIMATING WHITE-TAILED DEER ABUNDA
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or 2 quadrats. As a result, associa
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Table 1. Deer population and densit
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OBJECTIVE • To estimate density a
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35 Figure 1. Locations of trail cam
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EA hunters, identified in MNDNR 200
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percentage of EA hunters harvesting
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Deer harvested per 100 hunters 60 5
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FACTORS AFFECTING POPULATION INDICE
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following the first listening perio
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Table 1. Pheasant crowing and roads
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Index (males/stop) 4.00 3.00 2.00 1
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feeders (52%), depredation in cattl
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Table 3. Response for question 3: S
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Table 7. Responses for question 7:
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Table 10. Responses for question 10
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4. Do you need more information on
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EVIDENCE OF WILD TURKEYS IN MINNESO
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the upper valleys of the Mississipp
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68 Hoy, P. R. 1882. The larger wild
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71 songbirds, lagomorphs, rodents,
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73 (Cleary 1994). The first method
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Function #7: Public Relations with
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77 Evrard, J.O. 2000. Overwinter fo
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79 Murphy, R.K., N.F. Payne and R.K
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METHODS 81 We selected 36 study are
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Hens were relatively abundant durin
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85 Gabbert, A. E., A. P. Leif, J. R
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Table 3. Pheasant population indice
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Pheasants/100 Miles Pheasants/100 M
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RESULTS Thirty-six respondents comp
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Table 1. Mean rank (1 most importan
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EVIDENCE OF LEAD SHOT PROBLEMS FOR
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Wildlife Species Ingesting Lead Sho
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Michigan Department of Environmenta
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102 Battaglia, A., S. Ghidini, G. C
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104 Friend, M. and J.C. Franson (ed
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106 Lemay, A., P. McNicholl, and R.
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108 Pain, D.J., I. Carter, A.W. Sai
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110 Tsuji, L.S., & N. Nieboer. 1997
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SPECIES SCIENTIFIC NAME REFERENCE L
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SPECIES SCIENTIFIC NAME REFERENCE L
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NONTOXIC AND LEAD SHOT LITERATURE R
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Brown, C.S., J.Luebbert, D. Mulcahy
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CWS (Canadian Wildlife Service). 19
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European Commission Enterprise Dire
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124 Haldimann, M., A. Baumgartner,
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Johansen, P., G. Asmund, and F. Rig
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Lance, V.A., T.R. Horn, R.M. Elsey
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Mateo, R., M. Rodríguez-de la Cruz
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Ochiai, K., T. Kimura, K. Uematsu,
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Rocke, T. E., C. J. Brand, and J. G
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Sleet, R. B., and J. H. Soares, Jr.
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USEPA (United States Environmental
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140 - Reviews the international env
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142 - Summarizes current scientific
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144 Cummings School of Veterinary M
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146 - Lead poisoning of wildlife oc
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Lance, V.A., T.R. Horn, R.M. Elsey
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150 Michigan Department of Natural
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152 - Although all visible pellets
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154 Thomas, V. G., and Owen, M. 199
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SUPPORT FOR, ATTITUDES TOWARD, AND
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Statewide Estimates The study sampl
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Table 1: Response rates for each ma
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Table 7: Mean beliefs about and eva
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Protecting wildlife from lead poiso
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The southern portion of Minnesota i
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Although our domestic sheep weighed
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1 I 'T 'l 170 Figure 1. General loc
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172 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Stu
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Executive Summary The purpose of th
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Table S-1: Gauge of shotgun used mo
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7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Support for/Oppositio
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7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Figure S-8: Concern a
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Conclusions 182 These survey result
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184 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Stu
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Acknowledgements This study was a c
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Introduction Study Purpose and Obje
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Bohrnstedt and Mee, 2002, p. 414).
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Section 1: Small Game Hunting Activ
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Table 1-1: Proportion of respondent
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Table 1-7: How often do you hunt wi
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Table 1-13: Involvement in small ga
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Table 1-29: Involvement With and Co
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Section 2: Shotgun and Shot Prefere
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Table 2-4: Gauge of shotgun used mo
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Table 2-10: Type of shot used most
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Table 2-16: Number of boxes of shel
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Table 2-22: Number of boxes of shel
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Section 3: Beliefs, Attitudes, and
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218 Respondents were asked to indic
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Table 3-4: Beliefs about using lead
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Table 3-10: Beliefs about using lea
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Table 3-16: Likelihood that banning
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Table 3-22: Likelihood that banning
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Table 3-28: How good or bad is the
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Table 3-34: How good or bad is the
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Table 3-40: Belief about whether MY
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Table 3-46: Belief about whether TH
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Table 3-52: I want to do what DUCKS
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Section 4: Trust in the Minnesota D
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Media Resources Table 4-4: Trust in
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Media Resources Table 4-10: Trust a
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Media Resources Table 4-16: Trust a
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Section 5: Environmental Values Env
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Table 5-5: Environmental values: Th
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Table 5-13: Environmental values: H
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Table 5-19: I am concerned about en
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References Cited Dillman, D. (2000)
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Appendix A: Survey Instrument Small
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Q4. How many boxes of shells (25 to
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Nationwide there is concern about t
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Q16. Next we would like to know how
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Q18. Next we would like to know how
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Q 21. People are generally concerne
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268 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Com
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Acknowledgements 270 This study was
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Nationwide there is concern about t
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Figure S-2: Perceived narrative qua
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Figure S-5: Agreement with message
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Figure S-9: Importance of self-dire
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Conclusions 280 Our results suggest
Page 290 and 291: 282 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Com
Page 292 and 293: Acknowledgements 284 This study was
Page 294 and 295: Introduction Study Purpose and Obje
Page 296 and 297: Games-Howell post-hoc test over oth
Page 298 and 299: Section 1: Message Quality Responde
Page 300 and 301: Section 1: Message Quality Table 1-
Page 302 and 303: Section 1: Message Quality Figure 1
Page 304 and 305: Section 2: Factual Versus Narrative
Page 306 and 307: Section 2: Factual Versus Narrative
Page 308 and 309: Section 3: Message Involvement Tabl
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Page 312 and 313: Section 4: Message Evaluation Table
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Page 316 and 317: Section 5: Agreement With Message R
Page 326 and 327: Section 6: Values Table 6-1: How im
Page 332 and 333: 324 Section 7: Background Informati
Page 334 and 335: Section 7: Background Information T
Page 336 and 337: Section 8: Model Development Based
Page 338 and 339: References Cited Areni, C. S. (2003
Page 342 and 343: Appendix C: Treatment Messages Trea
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Page 346 and 347: Appendix D: Survey Instrument Q1. P
Page 348 and 349: Appendix D: Survey Instrument Q5. W
Page 350 and 351: Appendix D: Survey Instrument BACKG
Page 352 and 353: Appendix D: Survey Instrument Thank
Page 354 and 355: MOOSE POPULATION DYNAMICS IN NORTHE
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Page 358 and 359: The complete HCP describes in some
Page 360 and 361: Table 1. Incidents of Canada lynx t
Page 364 and 365: ECOLOGY AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF
Page 366 and 367: Trapping We trapped in the NW study
Page 368 and 369: Table 1. Causes of mortality of rad
Page 370 and 371: Table 5. Black bear cubs examined i
Page 372 and 373: Bone growth and weight gain were de
Page 374 and 375: FISHER AND MARTEN DEMOGRAPHY AND HA
Page 376 and 377: (fisher: 30 mg/kg ketamine and 3 mg
Page 378 and 379: We also deployed a Reconyx PC85 rem
Page 380 and 381: 372 Olson, C. 2006. 2005 small mamm
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Page 384 and 385: may benefit management programs for
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Page 388 and 389: Table 1. A priori models for explai
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Table 3. Parameter estimates averag
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Probability of occupancy 1.0 0.8 0.
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IDENTIFYING PLOTS FOR SURVEYS OF SH
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ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIP OF CONIF
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preliminary descriptions of seasona
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head/neck position on collar perfor
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395 White-tailed deer ecology and m
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Number of missed locations 45 40 35
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MANAGEMENT-FOCUSED RESEARCH NEEDS O
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egions ranked forest stand improvem
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Table 2. Forest management activiti
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Table 3. Forest management activiti
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Table 3 continued. 407 Fire break d
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Appendix 1. Survey of management-fo
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Percent agreed needs evaluation (%)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 413 EXECUTIVE SUM
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415 remain intact. New biological c
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1. INTRODUCTION The most comprehens
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• melting sea ice reduces the Ear
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• With precipitation concentrated
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oomers begin to pass their 85 th bi
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3. EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON LAN
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Currie (2001) and Hansen et al. (20
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Prairie Parkland (Figure 1, MNDNR 2
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undulating plains with deep glacial
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433 If conditions in the Laurentian
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435 carbon pool and should not be o
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Animal species associated with mesi
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increase the primary productivity o
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Warmer, drier conditions could excl
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443 hydroperiods for temporary wetl
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The Minnesota Department of Natural
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taken to manage the unavoidable imp
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• Dedicate 1 new FTE position at
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contributions to shallow lake eutro
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Busby, W. H., and W. R. Brecheisen.
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III to the Fourth Assessment Report
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MNDNR. 2005b. Field guide to the na
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Poiani, K. A., W. C. Johnson, and T
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Westcott, P. C. 2007. U.S. ethanol
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463 Northern Southern Eastern Weste
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Scientific Name Common Name LMF Pro
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Horned grebe Podiceps auritus Louis
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MINNESOTA’S RING-NECKED DUCK BREE
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Estimated Pair Density Mean pair de
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LITERATURE CITED 473 SAS. 1999. SAS
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Table 2. Sampling rates by Ecologic
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Table 4. Estimated indicated breedi
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479
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# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
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MOVEMENTS, SURVIVAL, AND REFUGE USE
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prior to hunting season were simila
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Figure 1. Ring-necked duck study ar
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INFLUENCE OF FISH, AGRICULTURE, AND
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Mechanisms structuring characterist
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Chemical Properties and Water Quali
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Submerged Aquatic Plants Submerged
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At a broad scale, wetland and shall
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Table 1. Relative abundance (mean w
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Number of Fish 35 30 25 20 15 10 5
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Total # Captured a) 50 40 30 20 10
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Relative Units 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 a)
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THRESHOLDS AND STABILITY OF ALTERNA
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MANAGEMENT-FOCUSED RESEARCH NEEDS O
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Table 1. Survey questions for wetla
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VARIANCE OF STRATIFIED SURVEY ESTIM
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EXPLORING MIGRATION DATA USING INTE
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Forest Research Group Publications
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Roy Nielsen, C., and C. K. Nielsen.
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