2007 Summaries of Wildlife Research Findings - Minnesota State ...

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aerial survey. Manuscripts discussing the sightability model and assessing the switch to using helicopters for moose surveys are in preparation. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the collaborators in this study including Glenn DelGiudice, Pam Coy, and Barry Sampson from MNDNR’s Forest Wildlife Populations and Research Group, and Jim Rasmussen from the Minnesota Zoo for their assistance in capturing moose and collecting biological samples. We also thank Al Buchert, Mike Trenholm, Brad Maas, and John Heineman from the MNDNR’s Enforcement Division for their piloting skills throughout the project. John Fieberg and John Giudice were essential to the development of the sightability model. LITERATURE CITED 348 Anderson, C. R., and F. G. Lindzey. 1996. Moose sightability model developed from helicopter surveys. Wildlife Society Bulletin 24:247-259. Ballard, W. B., J. S. Whitman, and D. J. Reed. 1991. Population dynamics of moose in southcentral Alaska. Wildlife Monograph 114. Bangs, E. E., T. N. Bailey, and M. F. Portner. 1989. Survival rates of adult female moose on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Management 53:557-563. Bertram, M. R., and M. T. Vivion. 2002. Moose mortality in eastern interior Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Management 66:747-756. Cox, D. R. 1972. Regression models and life tables. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B 20:187-220. Gasaway, W. C., S. D. DuBois, D. J. Reed, and S. J. Harbo. 1986. Estimating moose population parameters from aerial surveys. Biological Papers University of Alaska, Fairbanks. Number 22, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA. Kaplan, E. L. and O. Meier. 1958. Non-parametric estimation from incomplete observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association 53:457-481. Kufeld, R. C., and D. C. Bowden. 1996. Survival rates of Shiras moose (Alces alces shirasi) in Colorado. Alces 32: 9-13. Larsen, D. G., D. A. Gauthier, and R. L. Markel. 1989. Cause and rate of moose mortality in the southwest Yukon. Journal of Wildlife Management 53:548-557. Murray, D. L., E. W. Cox, W. B. Ballard, H. A. Witlaw, M. S. Lenarz, T. W. Custer, T. Barnett, and T. K. Fuller. 2006. Pathogens, nutritional deficiency, and climate influences on a declining moose population. Wildlife Monographs 166. Mytton, W. R., and L. B. Keith. 1981. Dynamics of moose populations near Rochester, Alberta, 1975-1978. Canadian Field-Naturalist 95:39-49. Peterson, R. O. Wolf ecology and prey relationships on Isle Royale. National Park Service Scientific Monograph. 88. Washington, D.C., USA. Pollock, K. H., S.R. Winterstein, C.M. Bunck, and P.D. Curtis. 1989. Survival analysis in telemetry studies: the staggered entry design. Journal of Wildlife Management 53:7-15. Renecker, L. A. and R. J. Hudson. 1986. Seasonal energy expenditure and thermoregulatory response of moose. Canadian Journal of Zoology 64:322-327. Quayle, J. F., A. G. MacHutchon, and D. N. Jury. 2001. Modeling moose sightability in south central British Columbia. Alces 37:43-54. SAS Institute. 2008. Version 9.1, SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA.
AN INCIDENTAL TAKE PLAN FOR CANADA LYNX AND MINNESOTA’S TRAPPING PROGRAM Glenn D. DelGiudice, Michael DonCarlos, and John Erb SUMMARY 349 A Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP) has been developed in association with an application from the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (MNDNR) to the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) for a Section 10 Incidental Take Permit (ITP) under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973 to absolve the Department and its employees from liability in the event of incidental take of Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) in Minnesota that result from otherwise lawful activities. The MNDNR agreed to file an ITP application with the USFWS as part of a joint stipulation in U. S. District Court, District of Minnesota, to settle a legal complaint. Incidental take permitted within the scope of a Section 10 permit issued to the MNDNR would include primarily direct injury or mortality of Canada lynx as the result of being captured during the legal trapping season in Minnesota and under the terms and limitations of a trapping license issued by Minnesota. Additionally, this Section 10 permit would also cover incidental take of Canada lynx resulting from trapping activities conducted by MNDNR employees as part of their position duties authorized by Minnesota Statutes and MNDNR permits. Some of these terms and limitations are designed to minimize the probability of taking endangered or threatened species. The MNDNR is seeking full, statewide coverage of all aspects of “take” related to trapping under the terms and limitations of the Department’s licenses. The permit requested is for incidental take of Canada lynx and not for other listed species or species that may be listed in the future. The Department is seeking a Section 10 permit through 2028 or 20 years from the date of acceptance of the application for an ITP. The ESA, administered by the Department of Interior’s USFWS, is considered by many to be one of the most comprehensive wildlife conservation laws worldwide. Its purpose is to conserve “the ecosystems upon which endangered and threatened species depend” and to recover populations of listed species (U. S. Congress 1988). As amended, Section 9 of the ESA prohibits “take” of any fish or wildlife species listed under the ESA as endangered. Under Federal regulation, take of fish or wildlife species listed as threatened is also prohibited unless specifically authorized by regulation. According to the ESA, “take” includes “to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect, or to attempt to engage in any such conduct.” In 1982 Congress revised Section 10 via amendments to the ESA that allows for “incidental take” of endangered and threatened species of wildlife by non-federal entities. The ESA defines incidental take as take that is “incidental to, and not the purpose of, the carrying out of an otherwise lawful activity.” Prior to 1982, such activities by non-federal entities risked violating the Section 9 prohibition, but no legal recourse for exemption was available. Only take associated with scientific research or other conservation activities could be authorized under the ESA. The ITP process was established under Section 10(a)(2)(B) of the ESA to provide a legal recourse when activities occurred outside this realm. Section 10(a)(2)(A) of the ESA requires an applicant for an ITP to submit a “conservation plan” (also known as a habitat conservation plan) “…that specifies, among other things, the impacts that are likely to result from the taking and the measures the permit applicant will undertake to minimize and mitigate such impacts” (Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife 2007).
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Summaries of Wildlife Research Find
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September 2008 State of Minnesota,
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The value of farm programs for prov
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Understanding variations in autumn
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MANAGING BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS IN WHI
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3 the lungs or chest cavity that we
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" Winter 2007 Deer Removal Location
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METHODS The MNDNR planned to sample
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Table 1. Bird species sampled for h
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Table 2 continued. Northern Pintail
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Blood was centrifuged and serum was
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Liver and Lung Culture A total of 1
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Positive results indicate exposure
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ESTIMATING WHITE-TAILED DEER ABUNDA
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or 2 quadrats. As a result, associa
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Table 1. Deer population and densit
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OBJECTIVE • To estimate density a
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35 Figure 1. Locations of trail cam
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EA hunters, identified in MNDNR 200
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percentage of EA hunters harvesting
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Deer harvested per 100 hunters 60 5
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FACTORS AFFECTING POPULATION INDICE
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following the first listening perio
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Table 1. Pheasant crowing and roads
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Index (males/stop) 4.00 3.00 2.00 1
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feeders (52%), depredation in cattl
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Table 3. Response for question 3: S
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Table 7. Responses for question 7:
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Table 10. Responses for question 10
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4. Do you need more information on
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EVIDENCE OF WILD TURKEYS IN MINNESO
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the upper valleys of the Mississipp
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68 Hoy, P. R. 1882. The larger wild
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71 songbirds, lagomorphs, rodents,
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73 (Cleary 1994). The first method
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Function #7: Public Relations with
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77 Evrard, J.O. 2000. Overwinter fo
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79 Murphy, R.K., N.F. Payne and R.K
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METHODS 81 We selected 36 study are
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Hens were relatively abundant durin
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85 Gabbert, A. E., A. P. Leif, J. R
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Table 3. Pheasant population indice
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Pheasants/100 Miles Pheasants/100 M
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RESULTS Thirty-six respondents comp
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Table 1. Mean rank (1 most importan
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EVIDENCE OF LEAD SHOT PROBLEMS FOR
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Wildlife Species Ingesting Lead Sho
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Michigan Department of Environmenta
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102 Battaglia, A., S. Ghidini, G. C
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104 Friend, M. and J.C. Franson (ed
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106 Lemay, A., P. McNicholl, and R.
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108 Pain, D.J., I. Carter, A.W. Sai
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110 Tsuji, L.S., & N. Nieboer. 1997
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SPECIES SCIENTIFIC NAME REFERENCE L
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SPECIES SCIENTIFIC NAME REFERENCE L
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NONTOXIC AND LEAD SHOT LITERATURE R
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Brown, C.S., J.Luebbert, D. Mulcahy
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CWS (Canadian Wildlife Service). 19
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European Commission Enterprise Dire
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124 Haldimann, M., A. Baumgartner,
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Johansen, P., G. Asmund, and F. Rig
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Lance, V.A., T.R. Horn, R.M. Elsey
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Mateo, R., M. Rodríguez-de la Cruz
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Ochiai, K., T. Kimura, K. Uematsu,
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Rocke, T. E., C. J. Brand, and J. G
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Sleet, R. B., and J. H. Soares, Jr.
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USEPA (United States Environmental
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140 - Reviews the international env
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142 - Summarizes current scientific
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144 Cummings School of Veterinary M
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146 - Lead poisoning of wildlife oc
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Lance, V.A., T.R. Horn, R.M. Elsey
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150 Michigan Department of Natural
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152 - Although all visible pellets
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154 Thomas, V. G., and Owen, M. 199
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SUPPORT FOR, ATTITUDES TOWARD, AND
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Statewide Estimates The study sampl
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Table 1: Response rates for each ma
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Table 7: Mean beliefs about and eva
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Protecting wildlife from lead poiso
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The southern portion of Minnesota i
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Although our domestic sheep weighed
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1 I 'T 'l 170 Figure 1. General loc
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172 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Stu
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Executive Summary The purpose of th
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Table S-1: Gauge of shotgun used mo
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7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Support for/Oppositio
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7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Figure S-8: Concern a
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Conclusions 182 These survey result
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184 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Stu
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Acknowledgements This study was a c
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Introduction Study Purpose and Obje
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Bohrnstedt and Mee, 2002, p. 414).
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Section 1: Small Game Hunting Activ
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Table 1-1: Proportion of respondent
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Table 1-7: How often do you hunt wi
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Table 1-13: Involvement in small ga
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Table 1-29: Involvement With and Co
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Section 2: Shotgun and Shot Prefere
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Table 2-4: Gauge of shotgun used mo
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Table 2-10: Type of shot used most
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Table 2-16: Number of boxes of shel
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Table 2-22: Number of boxes of shel
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Section 3: Beliefs, Attitudes, and
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218 Respondents were asked to indic
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Table 3-4: Beliefs about using lead
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Table 3-10: Beliefs about using lea
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Table 3-16: Likelihood that banning
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Table 3-22: Likelihood that banning
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Table 3-28: How good or bad is the
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Table 3-34: How good or bad is the
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Table 3-40: Belief about whether MY
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Table 3-46: Belief about whether TH
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Table 3-52: I want to do what DUCKS
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Section 4: Trust in the Minnesota D
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Media Resources Table 4-4: Trust in
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Media Resources Table 4-10: Trust a
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Media Resources Table 4-16: Trust a
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Section 5: Environmental Values Env
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Table 5-5: Environmental values: Th
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Table 5-13: Environmental values: H
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Table 5-19: I am concerned about en
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References Cited Dillman, D. (2000)
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Appendix A: Survey Instrument Small
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Q4. How many boxes of shells (25 to
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Nationwide there is concern about t
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Q16. Next we would like to know how
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Q18. Next we would like to know how
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Q 21. People are generally concerne
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268 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Com
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Acknowledgements 270 This study was
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Nationwide there is concern about t
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Figure S-2: Perceived narrative qua
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Figure S-5: Agreement with message
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Figure S-9: Importance of self-dire
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Conclusions 280 Our results suggest
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282 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Com
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Acknowledgements 284 This study was
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Introduction Study Purpose and Obje
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Games-Howell post-hoc test over oth
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Section 1: Message Quality Responde
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Section 1: Message Quality Table 1-
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Section 1: Message Quality Figure 1
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Section 2: Factual Versus Narrative
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Page 308 and 309: Section 3: Message Involvement Tabl
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Page 312 and 313: Section 4: Message Evaluation Table
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Page 332 and 333: 324 Section 7: Background Informati
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Page 336 and 337: Section 8: Model Development Based
Page 338 and 339: References Cited Areni, C. S. (2003
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Page 346 and 347: Appendix D: Survey Instrument Q1. P
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Page 350 and 351: Appendix D: Survey Instrument BACKG
Page 352 and 353: Appendix D: Survey Instrument Thank
Page 354 and 355: MOOSE POPULATION DYNAMICS IN NORTHE
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Page 360 and 361: Table 1. Incidents of Canada lynx t
Page 364 and 365: ECOLOGY AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF
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Page 372 and 373: Bone growth and weight gain were de
Page 374 and 375: FISHER AND MARTEN DEMOGRAPHY AND HA
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Page 380 and 381: 372 Olson, C. 2006. 2005 small mamm
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Page 395 and 396: IDENTIFYING PLOTS FOR SURVEYS OF SH
Page 397 and 398: ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIP OF CONIF
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MANAGEMENT-FOCUSED RESEARCH NEEDS O
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egions ranked forest stand improvem
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Table 2. Forest management activiti
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Table 3. Forest management activiti
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Table 3 continued. 407 Fire break d
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Appendix 1. Survey of management-fo
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Percent agreed needs evaluation (%)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 413 EXECUTIVE SUM
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415 remain intact. New biological c
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1. INTRODUCTION The most comprehens
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• melting sea ice reduces the Ear
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• With precipitation concentrated
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oomers begin to pass their 85 th bi
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3. EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON LAN
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Currie (2001) and Hansen et al. (20
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Prairie Parkland (Figure 1, MNDNR 2
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undulating plains with deep glacial
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433 If conditions in the Laurentian
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435 carbon pool and should not be o
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Animal species associated with mesi
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increase the primary productivity o
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Warmer, drier conditions could excl
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443 hydroperiods for temporary wetl
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The Minnesota Department of Natural
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taken to manage the unavoidable imp
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• Dedicate 1 new FTE position at
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contributions to shallow lake eutro
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Busby, W. H., and W. R. Brecheisen.
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III to the Fourth Assessment Report
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MNDNR. 2005b. Field guide to the na
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Poiani, K. A., W. C. Johnson, and T
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Westcott, P. C. 2007. U.S. ethanol
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463 Northern Southern Eastern Weste
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Scientific Name Common Name LMF Pro
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Horned grebe Podiceps auritus Louis
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MINNESOTA’S RING-NECKED DUCK BREE
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Estimated Pair Density Mean pair de
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LITERATURE CITED 473 SAS. 1999. SAS
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Table 2. Sampling rates by Ecologic
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Table 4. Estimated indicated breedi
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479
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# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
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MOVEMENTS, SURVIVAL, AND REFUGE USE
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prior to hunting season were simila
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Figure 1. Ring-necked duck study ar
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INFLUENCE OF FISH, AGRICULTURE, AND
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Mechanisms structuring characterist
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Chemical Properties and Water Quali
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Submerged Aquatic Plants Submerged
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At a broad scale, wetland and shall
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Table 1. Relative abundance (mean w
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Number of Fish 35 30 25 20 15 10 5
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Total # Captured a) 50 40 30 20 10
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Relative Units 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 a)
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THRESHOLDS AND STABILITY OF ALTERNA
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MANAGEMENT-FOCUSED RESEARCH NEEDS O
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Table 1. Survey questions for wetla
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VARIANCE OF STRATIFIED SURVEY ESTIM
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EXPLORING MIGRATION DATA USING INTE
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Forest Research Group Publications
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Roy Nielsen, C., and C. K. Nielsen.
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