2007 Summaries of Wildlife Research Findings - Minnesota State ...

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Deer harvested per 100 hunters 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 42 2005 2006 2007 Figure 2. Number of antlerless deer harvested for every 100 early antlerless-only hunters who purchased an early antlerless-only license in 2007 (black), and the number of deer harvested for every 100 hunters who did not purchase an early antlerless-only license in early antlerless-only permit areas established in 2007 (white), Minnesota. Values for the early antlerless-only hunters in 2005 and 2006 depict the number of antlerless deer harvested without an early antlerless-only season.
FACTORS AFFECTING POPULATION INDICES OF RING-NECKED PHEASANTS Alison Munsterman 1 , Brock McMillan 1 , Kurt Haroldson, and John Giudice SUMMARY OF FINDINGS The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of using replicated roadside surveys to estimate abundance of ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) on 18, 23-km 2 (9-mi²) study areas in southern Minnesota by comparing roadside indices to crowing indices adjusted for detection probability. For the crowing index, we used an auditory mark-recapture method to estimate mean detection probability. Crowing indices ranged from 1.2-6.4 males/stop. Roadside indices ranged from 0.9-11.9 males/route and were correlated to unadjusted crowing indices (r 2 = 0.42, P = 0.003). For crowing surveys, mean conditional probability of detection (conditional on males that crowed at least once during 3, 2-minute listening intervals) varied among study areas, was positively correlated with the total crows detected during the first 2minute listening period, negatively correlated with the amount of disturbance/stop, and was slightly lower during the first listening period than during the second and third period. INTRODUCTION To make knowledgeable decisions, wildlife managers often need to estimate species population parameters (e.g., Hicks et al. 1941, Efford et al. 2005). Population size monitoring allows managers to make inferences on how a population is responding to environmental or regulatory changes and plan appropriate management alternatives (Ruff 1939, Eberhardt and Simmons 1987, Thomas 1996, Gibbs et al. 1998). Populations of ring-necked pheasants are difficult to estimate because pheasants do not have the flocking habits of other birds, are relatively secretive, and difficult to capture (Brown 1947, Thomas 1996, Lancia et al. 2005). Therefore, pheasant populations are typically monitored using population indices. Although carefully designed population indices may provide unbiased estimates of population trends (Bart et al. 2004), they also suffer from high amounts of variability (Fisher et al. 1947). The 2 most common types of population indices used for pheasants are roadside surveys and crowing surveys (Brown 1947, Rice 2003, Haroldson et al. 2006). Advantages of roadside surveys are that roads are easy to access and surveys require fewer personnel than other survey methods, which make roadside surveys relatively inexpensive. Roadside surveys are a type of convenience sampling, and the accuracy of roadside population indices may be affected by factors such as weather, road-related disturbance, distribution of roads and habitats, and variation in detection probability (Kimball 1949, Kozicky 1952, Anderson 2003, Hutto and Young 2003). Although weather may be controlled through carefully designed survey protocol, roads are non-randomly distributed and may not be representative of the habitats on the study area. In addition, detection probability is unknown. We postulated that crowing surveys may not be affected by as many variables as roadside surveys. We hypothesized that factors such as road-related disturbance and the nonrandom distribution of roadside survey routes within the study area may affect the ability to detect pheasants during roadside surveys, but careful selection of crowing survey stops may yield representative coverage of a survey area and reduce the effect of road-related disturbance. In addition, we postulated that detection probability may be estimated with an auditory mark-recapture technique. In this study, we used replicated surveys to compare crowing and roadside indices of male pheasants on 18 study areas in southern Minnesota. For the crowing index, we used 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Minnesota State University, Mankato 43
Page 1 and 2: Summaries of Wildlife Research Find
Page 3 and 4: September 2008 State of Minnesota,
Page 5 and 6: The value of farm programs for prov
Page 7 and 8: Understanding variations in autumn
Page 9 and 10: MANAGING BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS IN WHI
Page 11 and 12: 3 the lungs or chest cavity that we
Page 15: " Winter 2007 Deer Removal Location
Page 19 and 20: METHODS The MNDNR planned to sample
Page 21 and 22: Table 1. Bird species sampled for h
Page 23: Table 2 continued. Northern Pintail
Page 27 and 28: Blood was centrifuged and serum was
Page 29 and 30: Liver and Lung Culture A total of 1
Page 31 and 32: Positive results indicate exposure
Page 35 and 36: ESTIMATING WHITE-TAILED DEER ABUNDA
Page 37 and 38: or 2 quadrats. As a result, associa
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Page 41 and 42: OBJECTIVE • To estimate density a
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Page 47 and 48: percentage of EA hunters harvesting
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Page 74 and 75: the upper valleys of the Mississipp
Page 76: 68 Hoy, P. R. 1882. The larger wild
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Page 81 and 82: 73 (Cleary 1994). The first method
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Page 85 and 86: 77 Evrard, J.O. 2000. Overwinter fo
Page 87 and 88: 79 Murphy, R.K., N.F. Payne and R.K
Page 89 and 90: METHODS 81 We selected 36 study are
Page 91 and 92: Hens were relatively abundant durin
Page 93 and 94: 85 Gabbert, A. E., A. P. Leif, J. R
Page 95 and 96: Table 3. Pheasant population indice
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RESULTS Thirty-six respondents comp
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Table 1. Mean rank (1 most importan
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EVIDENCE OF LEAD SHOT PROBLEMS FOR
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Wildlife Species Ingesting Lead Sho
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Michigan Department of Environmenta
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102 Battaglia, A., S. Ghidini, G. C
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104 Friend, M. and J.C. Franson (ed
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106 Lemay, A., P. McNicholl, and R.
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108 Pain, D.J., I. Carter, A.W. Sai
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110 Tsuji, L.S., & N. Nieboer. 1997
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SPECIES SCIENTIFIC NAME REFERENCE L
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SPECIES SCIENTIFIC NAME REFERENCE L
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NONTOXIC AND LEAD SHOT LITERATURE R
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Brown, C.S., J.Luebbert, D. Mulcahy
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CWS (Canadian Wildlife Service). 19
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European Commission Enterprise Dire
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124 Haldimann, M., A. Baumgartner,
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Johansen, P., G. Asmund, and F. Rig
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Lance, V.A., T.R. Horn, R.M. Elsey
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Mateo, R., M. Rodríguez-de la Cruz
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Ochiai, K., T. Kimura, K. Uematsu,
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Rocke, T. E., C. J. Brand, and J. G
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Sleet, R. B., and J. H. Soares, Jr.
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USEPA (United States Environmental
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140 - Reviews the international env
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142 - Summarizes current scientific
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144 Cummings School of Veterinary M
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146 - Lead poisoning of wildlife oc
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Lance, V.A., T.R. Horn, R.M. Elsey
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150 Michigan Department of Natural
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152 - Although all visible pellets
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154 Thomas, V. G., and Owen, M. 199
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SUPPORT FOR, ATTITUDES TOWARD, AND
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Statewide Estimates The study sampl
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Table 1: Response rates for each ma
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Table 7: Mean beliefs about and eva
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Protecting wildlife from lead poiso
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The southern portion of Minnesota i
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Although our domestic sheep weighed
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1 I 'T 'l 170 Figure 1. General loc
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172 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Stu
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Executive Summary The purpose of th
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Table S-1: Gauge of shotgun used mo
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7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Support for/Oppositio
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7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Figure S-8: Concern a
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Conclusions 182 These survey result
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184 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Stu
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Acknowledgements This study was a c
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Introduction Study Purpose and Obje
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Bohrnstedt and Mee, 2002, p. 414).
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Section 1: Small Game Hunting Activ
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Table 1-1: Proportion of respondent
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Table 1-7: How often do you hunt wi
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Table 1-13: Involvement in small ga
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Table 1-29: Involvement With and Co
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Section 2: Shotgun and Shot Prefere
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Table 2-4: Gauge of shotgun used mo
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Table 2-10: Type of shot used most
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Table 2-16: Number of boxes of shel
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Table 2-22: Number of boxes of shel
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Section 3: Beliefs, Attitudes, and
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218 Respondents were asked to indic
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Table 3-4: Beliefs about using lead
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Table 3-10: Beliefs about using lea
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Table 3-16: Likelihood that banning
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Table 3-22: Likelihood that banning
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Table 3-28: How good or bad is the
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Table 3-34: How good or bad is the
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Table 3-40: Belief about whether MY
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Table 3-46: Belief about whether TH
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Table 3-52: I want to do what DUCKS
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Section 4: Trust in the Minnesota D
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Media Resources Table 4-4: Trust in
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Media Resources Table 4-10: Trust a
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Media Resources Table 4-16: Trust a
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Section 5: Environmental Values Env
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Table 5-5: Environmental values: Th
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Table 5-13: Environmental values: H
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Table 5-19: I am concerned about en
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References Cited Dillman, D. (2000)
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Appendix A: Survey Instrument Small
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Q4. How many boxes of shells (25 to
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Nationwide there is concern about t
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Q16. Next we would like to know how
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Q18. Next we would like to know how
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Q 21. People are generally concerne
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268 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Com
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Acknowledgements 270 This study was
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Nationwide there is concern about t
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Figure S-2: Perceived narrative qua
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Figure S-5: Agreement with message
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Figure S-9: Importance of self-dire
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Conclusions 280 Our results suggest
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282 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Com
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Acknowledgements 284 This study was
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Introduction Study Purpose and Obje
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Games-Howell post-hoc test over oth
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Section 1: Message Quality Responde
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Section 1: Message Quality Table 1-
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Section 1: Message Quality Figure 1
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Section 2: Factual Versus Narrative
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Section 2: Factual Versus Narrative
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Section 3: Message Involvement Tabl
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Section 3: Message Involvement Tabl
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Section 4: Message Evaluation Table
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Section 4: Message Evaluation Table
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Section 5: Agreement With Message R
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Section 6: Values Table 6-1: How im
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324 Section 7: Background Informati
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Section 7: Background Information T
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Section 8: Model Development Based
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References Cited Areni, C. S. (2003
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Appendix C: Treatment Messages Cont
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Appendix C: Treatment Messages Trea
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Appendix C: Treatment Messages 336
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Appendix D: Survey Instrument Q1. P
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Appendix D: Survey Instrument Q5. W
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Appendix D: Survey Instrument BACKG
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Appendix D: Survey Instrument Thank
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MOOSE POPULATION DYNAMICS IN NORTHE
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aerial survey. Manuscripts discussi
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The complete HCP describes in some
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Table 1. Incidents of Canada lynx t
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ECOLOGY AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF
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Trapping We trapped in the NW study
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Table 1. Causes of mortality of rad
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Table 5. Black bear cubs examined i
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Bone growth and weight gain were de
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FISHER AND MARTEN DEMOGRAPHY AND HA
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(fisher: 30 mg/kg ketamine and 3 mg
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We also deployed a Reconyx PC85 rem
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372 Olson, C. 2006. 2005 small mamm
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Figure 1. Fisher and marten study a
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may benefit management programs for
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378 area that were accessible by pu
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Table 1. A priori models for explai
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Table 3. Parameter estimates averag
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Probability of occupancy 1.0 0.8 0.
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IDENTIFYING PLOTS FOR SURVEYS OF SH
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ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIP OF CONIF
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preliminary descriptions of seasona
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head/neck position on collar perfor
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395 White-tailed deer ecology and m
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Number of missed locations 45 40 35
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MANAGEMENT-FOCUSED RESEARCH NEEDS O
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egions ranked forest stand improvem
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Table 2. Forest management activiti
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Table 3. Forest management activiti
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Table 3 continued. 407 Fire break d
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Appendix 1. Survey of management-fo
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Percent agreed needs evaluation (%)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 413 EXECUTIVE SUM
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415 remain intact. New biological c
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1. INTRODUCTION The most comprehens
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• melting sea ice reduces the Ear
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• With precipitation concentrated
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oomers begin to pass their 85 th bi
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3. EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON LAN
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Currie (2001) and Hansen et al. (20
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Prairie Parkland (Figure 1, MNDNR 2
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undulating plains with deep glacial
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433 If conditions in the Laurentian
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435 carbon pool and should not be o
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Animal species associated with mesi
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increase the primary productivity o
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Warmer, drier conditions could excl
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443 hydroperiods for temporary wetl
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The Minnesota Department of Natural
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taken to manage the unavoidable imp
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• Dedicate 1 new FTE position at
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contributions to shallow lake eutro
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Busby, W. H., and W. R. Brecheisen.
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III to the Fourth Assessment Report
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MNDNR. 2005b. Field guide to the na
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Poiani, K. A., W. C. Johnson, and T
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Westcott, P. C. 2007. U.S. ethanol
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463 Northern Southern Eastern Weste
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Scientific Name Common Name LMF Pro
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Horned grebe Podiceps auritus Louis
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MINNESOTA’S RING-NECKED DUCK BREE
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Estimated Pair Density Mean pair de
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LITERATURE CITED 473 SAS. 1999. SAS
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Table 2. Sampling rates by Ecologic
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Table 4. Estimated indicated breedi
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479
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# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
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MOVEMENTS, SURVIVAL, AND REFUGE USE
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prior to hunting season were simila
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Figure 1. Ring-necked duck study ar
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INFLUENCE OF FISH, AGRICULTURE, AND
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Mechanisms structuring characterist
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Chemical Properties and Water Quali
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Submerged Aquatic Plants Submerged
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At a broad scale, wetland and shall
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Table 1. Relative abundance (mean w
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Number of Fish 35 30 25 20 15 10 5
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Total # Captured a) 50 40 30 20 10
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Relative Units 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 a)
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THRESHOLDS AND STABILITY OF ALTERNA
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MANAGEMENT-FOCUSED RESEARCH NEEDS O
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Table 1. Survey questions for wetla
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VARIANCE OF STRATIFIED SURVEY ESTIM
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EXPLORING MIGRATION DATA USING INTE
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Forest Research Group Publications
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Roy Nielsen, C., and C. K. Nielsen.
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