2007 Summaries of Wildlife Research Findings - Minnesota State ...

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Of particular importance as a source of forest disturbance are insects, whose geographic ranges are largely determined by temperature. Short generation times and high reproductive rates result in rapid responses by insects to changing conditions, more rapid than those of their slow-growing tree hosts (Logan et al. 2003). Thus, insects will likely expand into forest 432 communities that have previously been outside their range. This may disrupt the synchrony and associations between forest plant communities and forest pests that have formed over long periods of time, which may cause infestations to become persistent rather than episodic (USGAO 2007). Adverse effects of insects or other forest pests can appear suddenly, occurring when a temperature limit or other climatic threshold is passed and can include changes out of proportion to the relatively small climatic change that induced the effect. 3.2.1.1.1. Coniferous forests Coniferous forests in Minnesota occur almost exclusively in the Laurentian Mixed Forest Province. Dominant conifer species in the province include white, jack, and red pines in uplands, where fire was the main historical disturbance, and black spruce, tamarack, and white cedar in lowlands, where small-scale blowdown was the main historical disturbance (MNDNR 2006). Changes in plant species abundance and distribution will depend on species dispersal ability and moisture regimes, which are determined not only by precipitation but also by temperature, topography, evapotranspiration, and soils. Fire dependent forest systems (many pine types) will be particularly sensitive to a change in moisture regimes that result in wetter conditions and less frequent or less intense fires. If this scenario is realized, fire dependent forest systems will become less abundant in the Laurentian Mixed Forest Province. Mesic hardwood systems (e.g., red oak-sugar maple types) would likely experience a range expansion. Generally, a shift northward for spruce-fir forests is predicted (Hansen et al. 2003, Iverson and Prasad 2001). Tree species associated with lowland coniferous forests are predicted to decline in abundance and may convert to lowland hardwood forests (Hogg and Hurdle 1995). New combinations of plant and animal communities should be anticipated as species’ ranges (described here primarily as tree species) shift. It is likely that global warming will cause the southern boundary of the near-boreal forest to migrate northward out of Minnesota.
433 If conditions in the Laurentian Mixed Forest Province are warmer and drier, fire dependent hardwood systems (e.g., bur oak) will likely increase with a range shift to the north and east. Jack and red pine woodland types (fire dependent on dry, nutrient poor soils) may persist or expand. The likely increase in fire frequency and intensity with warmer, drier conditions will influence fire dependent forest systems, both coniferous and deciduous. It is possible, however, that site specific characteristics (e.g., slope, aspect, soil type) and their influence on moisture availability will be particularly significant under this scenario. New associations of plants and animals are likely with the potential for dominance by invasive species. Declines of coniferous forests will have negative impacts on the plant and animal communities associated with them. For example, spruce grouse feed on pine or spruce needles during much of the year (Boag and Schroeder 1992). Moose populations are declining (Lenarz 2008), perhaps due to heat stress (Murray et al. 2006). Habitat changes in northeastern Minnesota induced by climate change may also negatively affect moose populations. Wildlife associated with coniferous forests may be under the greatest threat of extirpation from Minnesota due to climate change. 3.2.1.1.2. Mixed coniferous-deciduous forests Mixed coniferous-deciduous forests of Minnesota are located primarily within the Laurentian Mixed Forest Province. Typical trees in these forests include pine, spruce, balsam fir, oak, aspen, and maple. The mix of tree species and their relative importance within the canopy vary with the age, disturbance history, soil, and geographic location of the forest stand. Warmer, drier conditions will likely favor fire dependent deciduous trees such as oaks and hickory (more commonly associated with the Eastern Broadleaf Forest Province) over aspen and birch. Jack pine woodlands may expand under this scenario, depending on how dry it becomes and how rich the soils are. Shifts in plant species’ ranges, diseases, pests, disturbances, and invasive species may contribute to the emergence of new and unpredictable species associations. Warmer, wetter conditions would likely favor mesic hardwood types, which currently occur in but are not relatively abundant in the Laurentian Mixed Forest Province. Fires would likely be less frequent and intense under wetter conditions. Species that favor wetter sites
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Summaries of Wildlife Research Find
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September 2008 State of Minnesota,
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The value of farm programs for prov
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Understanding variations in autumn
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MANAGING BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS IN WHI
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3 the lungs or chest cavity that we
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" Winter 2007 Deer Removal Location
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METHODS The MNDNR planned to sample
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Table 1. Bird species sampled for h
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Table 2 continued. Northern Pintail
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Blood was centrifuged and serum was
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Liver and Lung Culture A total of 1
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Positive results indicate exposure
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ESTIMATING WHITE-TAILED DEER ABUNDA
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or 2 quadrats. As a result, associa
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Table 1. Deer population and densit
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OBJECTIVE • To estimate density a
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35 Figure 1. Locations of trail cam
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EA hunters, identified in MNDNR 200
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percentage of EA hunters harvesting
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Deer harvested per 100 hunters 60 5
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FACTORS AFFECTING POPULATION INDICE
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following the first listening perio
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Table 1. Pheasant crowing and roads
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Index (males/stop) 4.00 3.00 2.00 1
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feeders (52%), depredation in cattl
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Table 3. Response for question 3: S
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Table 7. Responses for question 7:
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Table 10. Responses for question 10
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4. Do you need more information on
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EVIDENCE OF WILD TURKEYS IN MINNESO
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the upper valleys of the Mississipp
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68 Hoy, P. R. 1882. The larger wild
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71 songbirds, lagomorphs, rodents,
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73 (Cleary 1994). The first method
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Function #7: Public Relations with
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77 Evrard, J.O. 2000. Overwinter fo
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79 Murphy, R.K., N.F. Payne and R.K
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METHODS 81 We selected 36 study are
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Hens were relatively abundant durin
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85 Gabbert, A. E., A. P. Leif, J. R
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Table 3. Pheasant population indice
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Pheasants/100 Miles Pheasants/100 M
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RESULTS Thirty-six respondents comp
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Table 1. Mean rank (1 most importan
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EVIDENCE OF LEAD SHOT PROBLEMS FOR
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Wildlife Species Ingesting Lead Sho
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Michigan Department of Environmenta
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102 Battaglia, A., S. Ghidini, G. C
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104 Friend, M. and J.C. Franson (ed
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106 Lemay, A., P. McNicholl, and R.
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108 Pain, D.J., I. Carter, A.W. Sai
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110 Tsuji, L.S., & N. Nieboer. 1997
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SPECIES SCIENTIFIC NAME REFERENCE L
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SPECIES SCIENTIFIC NAME REFERENCE L
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NONTOXIC AND LEAD SHOT LITERATURE R
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Brown, C.S., J.Luebbert, D. Mulcahy
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CWS (Canadian Wildlife Service). 19
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European Commission Enterprise Dire
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124 Haldimann, M., A. Baumgartner,
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Johansen, P., G. Asmund, and F. Rig
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Lance, V.A., T.R. Horn, R.M. Elsey
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Mateo, R., M. Rodríguez-de la Cruz
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Ochiai, K., T. Kimura, K. Uematsu,
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Rocke, T. E., C. J. Brand, and J. G
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Sleet, R. B., and J. H. Soares, Jr.
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USEPA (United States Environmental
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140 - Reviews the international env
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142 - Summarizes current scientific
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144 Cummings School of Veterinary M
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146 - Lead poisoning of wildlife oc
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Lance, V.A., T.R. Horn, R.M. Elsey
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150 Michigan Department of Natural
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152 - Although all visible pellets
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154 Thomas, V. G., and Owen, M. 199
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SUPPORT FOR, ATTITUDES TOWARD, AND
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Statewide Estimates The study sampl
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Table 1: Response rates for each ma
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Table 7: Mean beliefs about and eva
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Protecting wildlife from lead poiso
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The southern portion of Minnesota i
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Although our domestic sheep weighed
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1 I 'T 'l 170 Figure 1. General loc
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172 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Stu
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Executive Summary The purpose of th
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Table S-1: Gauge of shotgun used mo
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7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Support for/Oppositio
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7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Figure S-8: Concern a
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Conclusions 182 These survey result
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184 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Stu
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Acknowledgements This study was a c
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Introduction Study Purpose and Obje
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Bohrnstedt and Mee, 2002, p. 414).
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Section 1: Small Game Hunting Activ
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Table 1-1: Proportion of respondent
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Table 1-7: How often do you hunt wi
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Table 1-13: Involvement in small ga
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Table 1-29: Involvement With and Co
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Section 2: Shotgun and Shot Prefere
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Table 2-4: Gauge of shotgun used mo
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Table 2-10: Type of shot used most
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Table 2-16: Number of boxes of shel
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Table 2-22: Number of boxes of shel
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Section 3: Beliefs, Attitudes, and
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218 Respondents were asked to indic
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Table 3-4: Beliefs about using lead
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Table 3-10: Beliefs about using lea
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Table 3-16: Likelihood that banning
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Table 3-22: Likelihood that banning
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Table 3-28: How good or bad is the
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Table 3-34: How good or bad is the
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Table 3-40: Belief about whether MY
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Table 3-46: Belief about whether TH
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Table 3-52: I want to do what DUCKS
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Section 4: Trust in the Minnesota D
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Media Resources Table 4-4: Trust in
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Media Resources Table 4-10: Trust a
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Media Resources Table 4-16: Trust a
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Section 5: Environmental Values Env
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Table 5-5: Environmental values: Th
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Table 5-13: Environmental values: H
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Table 5-19: I am concerned about en
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References Cited Dillman, D. (2000)
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Appendix A: Survey Instrument Small
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Q4. How many boxes of shells (25 to
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Nationwide there is concern about t
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Q16. Next we would like to know how
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Q18. Next we would like to know how
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Q 21. People are generally concerne
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268 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Com
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Acknowledgements 270 This study was
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Nationwide there is concern about t
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Figure S-2: Perceived narrative qua
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Figure S-5: Agreement with message
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Figure S-9: Importance of self-dire
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Conclusions 280 Our results suggest
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282 Small Game Hunter Lead Shot Com
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Acknowledgements 284 This study was
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Introduction Study Purpose and Obje
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Games-Howell post-hoc test over oth
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Section 1: Message Quality Responde
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Section 1: Message Quality Table 1-
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Section 1: Message Quality Figure 1
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Section 2: Factual Versus Narrative
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Section 2: Factual Versus Narrative
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Section 3: Message Involvement Tabl
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Section 3: Message Involvement Tabl
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Section 4: Message Evaluation Table
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Section 4: Message Evaluation Table
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Section 5: Agreement With Message R
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Section 6: Values Table 6-1: How im
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324 Section 7: Background Informati
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Section 7: Background Information T
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Section 8: Model Development Based
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References Cited Areni, C. S. (2003
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Appendix C: Treatment Messages Cont
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Appendix C: Treatment Messages Trea
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Appendix C: Treatment Messages 336
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Appendix D: Survey Instrument Q1. P
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Appendix D: Survey Instrument Q5. W
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Appendix D: Survey Instrument BACKG
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Appendix D: Survey Instrument Thank
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MOOSE POPULATION DYNAMICS IN NORTHE
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aerial survey. Manuscripts discussi
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The complete HCP describes in some
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Table 1. Incidents of Canada lynx t
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ECOLOGY AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF
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Trapping We trapped in the NW study
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Table 1. Causes of mortality of rad
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Table 5. Black bear cubs examined i
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Bone growth and weight gain were de
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FISHER AND MARTEN DEMOGRAPHY AND HA
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(fisher: 30 mg/kg ketamine and 3 mg
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We also deployed a Reconyx PC85 rem
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372 Olson, C. 2006. 2005 small mamm
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Figure 1. Fisher and marten study a
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may benefit management programs for
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378 area that were accessible by pu
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Table 1. A priori models for explai
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Page 393 and 394: Probability of occupancy 1.0 0.8 0.
Page 395 and 396: IDENTIFYING PLOTS FOR SURVEYS OF SH
Page 397 and 398: ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIP OF CONIF
Page 399 and 400: preliminary descriptions of seasona
Page 401 and 402: head/neck position on collar perfor
Page 403 and 404: 395 White-tailed deer ecology and m
Page 405 and 406: Number of missed locations 45 40 35
Page 407 and 408: MANAGEMENT-FOCUSED RESEARCH NEEDS O
Page 409 and 410: egions ranked forest stand improvem
Page 411 and 412: Table 2. Forest management activiti
Page 413 and 414: Table 3. Forest management activiti
Page 415 and 416: Table 3 continued. 407 Fire break d
Page 417 and 418: Appendix 1. Survey of management-fo
Page 419 and 420: Percent agreed needs evaluation (%)
Page 421 and 422: TABLE OF CONTENTS 413 EXECUTIVE SUM
Page 423 and 424: 415 remain intact. New biological c
Page 425 and 426: 1. INTRODUCTION The most comprehens
Page 427 and 428: • melting sea ice reduces the Ear
Page 429 and 430: • With precipitation concentrated
Page 431 and 432: oomers begin to pass their 85 th bi
Page 433 and 434: 3. EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON LAN
Page 435 and 436: Currie (2001) and Hansen et al. (20
Page 437 and 438: Prairie Parkland (Figure 1, MNDNR 2
Page 439: undulating plains with deep glacial
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Page 445 and 446: Animal species associated with mesi
Page 447 and 448: increase the primary productivity o
Page 449 and 450: Warmer, drier conditions could excl
Page 451 and 452: 443 hydroperiods for temporary wetl
Page 453 and 454: The Minnesota Department of Natural
Page 455 and 456: taken to manage the unavoidable imp
Page 457 and 458: • Dedicate 1 new FTE position at
Page 459 and 460: contributions to shallow lake eutro
Page 461 and 462: Busby, W. H., and W. R. Brecheisen.
Page 463 and 464: III to the Fourth Assessment Report
Page 465 and 466: MNDNR. 2005b. Field guide to the na
Page 467 and 468: Poiani, K. A., W. C. Johnson, and T
Page 469 and 470: Westcott, P. C. 2007. U.S. ethanol
Page 471 and 472: 463 Northern Southern Eastern Weste
Page 473 and 474: Scientific Name Common Name LMF Pro
Page 475 and 476: Horned grebe Podiceps auritus Louis
Page 477 and 478: MINNESOTA’S RING-NECKED DUCK BREE
Page 479 and 480: Estimated Pair Density Mean pair de
Page 481 and 482: LITERATURE CITED 473 SAS. 1999. SAS
Page 483 and 484: Table 2. Sampling rates by Ecologic
Page 485 and 486: Table 4. Estimated indicated breedi
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MOVEMENTS, SURVIVAL, AND REFUGE USE
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prior to hunting season were simila
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Figure 1. Ring-necked duck study ar
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INFLUENCE OF FISH, AGRICULTURE, AND
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Mechanisms structuring characterist
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Chemical Properties and Water Quali
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Submerged Aquatic Plants Submerged
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At a broad scale, wetland and shall
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Table 1. Relative abundance (mean w
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Number of Fish 35 30 25 20 15 10 5
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Total # Captured a) 50 40 30 20 10
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Relative Units 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 a)
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THRESHOLDS AND STABILITY OF ALTERNA
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MANAGEMENT-FOCUSED RESEARCH NEEDS O
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Table 1. Survey questions for wetla
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VARIANCE OF STRATIFIED SURVEY ESTIM
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EXPLORING MIGRATION DATA USING INTE
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Forest Research Group Publications
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Roy Nielsen, C., and C. K. Nielsen.
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