LEADERSHIP CHARACTERISTICS OF ... - Drake University

followers satisfy their needs. There is neither exchange with the
followers nor any attempt to help them grow.
The MLQ model suggests that leaders display each style to some
extent. The results of the survey represent how frequently a leader
displays a particular style of leadership. The leader with an optimal
leadership profile rarely utilizes laissez faire leadership, demonstrating
instead a higher frequency of transactional and even greater frequency of
transformational leadership components. The survey results are first
reported using average aggregate scores ranging from 0-4. Scores are
separated into different rater groups (self, peer, superior, subordinate),
and comparisons are made relative to the MLQ-recommended optimal
leadership (aggregate norms).
Individual CEOs responded to 45 questions (four questions in each
of the nine profile areas and nine additional questions in the outcome
a reas of extra effort, effectiveness, and satisfaction). The respondents
were asked to "judge how frequently each statement fits" their perception
of themselves. Responses were rated on the following 5-point Likert
scale: 0) not at all; I) once in a while; 2) sometimes; 3) fairly often; and
4) frequently, if not always. Sample questions include, "I provide others
with assistance in exchange for their efforts," "I am absent when needed,"
and "I instill pride in others for being associated with me."
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