Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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Project Title: The Oregon Barley Improvement Program Researchers: Dr. Patrick Hayes, Dr. Jennifer Kling, Dr. Peter Szucs, Ms. Ann Corey, Ms. Tanya Filichkin Department: Dept. of Crop and Soil Science Institution: Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 Executive Summary How the OSU program helps AMBA realize its mission and primary objective: The two principal goals of this project remain (1) to develop six-row winter malting barley varieties that will assist AMBA in meeting its mission of providing the malting and brewing industries with an abundant supply of high quality malting barley and (2) to develop molecular breeding tools that will benefit all barley breeders working to advance the AMBA cause. We are addressing AMBA’s primary objective – ensuring that barley is a competitive crop – by incorporating malting quality into high yielding winter habit varieties that provide growers with a profitable and productive cropping option. Major issues, solutions, and expected benefits: We have developed a winter barley germplasm base suitable for making the elite x elite crosses from which most malting barley varieties derive. It has taken 20 years to reach this point due to necessity of combining malting quality, disease resistance, and winter hardiness. Our approach to solving these complex issues has been to develop molecular breeding tools based on knowledge of gene locations, effects, and interactions. We now have excellent parental stocks and two years ago embarked on a more extensive crossing program to generate the segregating generation progeny from which AMBA-approved varieties can be expected to come. The benefits will be high yielding malting barley varieties that represent a new, dependable, and alternative source of high quality malting barley. One-year objectives and outcomes: We developed, tested, characterized, and selected winter germplasm at multiple locations. We have ceased all spring barely improvement efforts, except for specialized disease resistance stocks. We have advanced lines with excellent yields under irrigated and dryland conditions. These high yielding lines have good disease resistance and potentially acceptable malt profiles. We have developed perfect markers for target traits and implemented these in our breeding program. No malting quality data are available for the 2006 crop samples, due to the construction of a new facility for the CCRU. Most significant accomplishments: Per the preceding section, we have developed some very exciting germplasm and we have developed molecular breeding tools to accelerate future gains. Three lines are in their first year of AMBA Pilot Scale testing. A new line is in increase for submission to the program in 2007. And the breeding pipeline is full. 102
Detailed <strong>Report</strong> on Objectives, Methodology and Results – AMBA Funded Project Objectives: Our objective is to develop superior varieties that meet AMBA specifications based on an understanding of the genetic basis of target traits. Our genetics research is conducted in the context of an ongoing breeding program involving agronomically relevant germplasm. This effort received a tremendous boost with funding of the Barley CAP. The idea is that we will make progress towards our goal and when we reach the goal, we’ll know how we got there. In winter barley, our primary traits of interest are: malting quality, productivity, winterhardiness and disease resistance. Methodology: We work cooperatively on a regional basis. In Idaho we work with Dr. Don Obert (USDA/ARS, Aberdeen, Idaho) to realize the potential of winter malting barley via exchange of advanced yield trials and site visits. Dr. Steve Ullrich is our cooperator in Washington. Our primary winter barley testing site in Oregon is Pendleton, where we work with Dr. Steve Petrie. Dr. Lee Jackson, UC Davis, provides disease screening. Dr. Blake Cooper, BARI, provides winter hardiness screening at Fort Collins, CO. We have initiated a program of controlled freeze testing with the Martonvasar Research Institute in Hungary. Dr. David Hole, Utah State, now participates in screening of winter barley head rows at Logan, UT. In order to focus our energy on winter barley improvement, we have stopped breeding spring barley, except for targeted development and distribution of genetic stocks with quantitative resistance to barley stripe rust (see http://www.barleyworld.org/osubreeding/striperustmapping.php). Our winter barley field phenotyping efforts are based on regional evaluation of variety candidates, replicated multi-environment testing of advanced lines, screening of preliminary yield trials, advance of segregating generations, and crossing to accumulate favorable alleles. The 2006/2007 winter nurseries are summarized in Table 1. Our laboratory program directly supports the winter malting barley breeding program. We have developed diagnostic PCR markers for target traits and used these to genotype our breeding lines in our own lab or in collaboration with the Regional Genotyping Lab in Pullman, Washington. Malting quality assessments are conducted by Mr. Al Budde, USDA/ARS and Dr. Cynthia Henson has collaborated on beta amylase activity and thermostability assays. Results: Breeding program activities and results are detailed in the following tables. These tables show data only for selections in the AMBA Pilot program or that will be submitted to the AMBA Pilot program in 2007. The complete 2005/2006 data are too voluminous for inclusion in this report; they are available on request. Three lines were submitted to the first year of AMBA Pilot Scale Testing and passed pre-screening. The pre-screening data are shown in Table 2. These lines are STAB BC 50-7-3, STAB 47/KAB 51-7 and STAB 113/ KAB 50 – 21. STAB BC 50-7-3 is 103
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Annual Pro
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-i- INTRODUCTION The March 2007 <st
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USDA-ARS NORTHERN CROP SCIENCE LABO
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Spring Regional over two years at D
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Table 1. 2006 UCD Two-Rowed Malting
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environments was practiced, 2) elit
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Table 4. Selected six-rowed lines c
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Other Barley Research: Feed Program
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Executive Summary AMBA Prog
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Table 1. Agronomic performance of M
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Lines M122 and M124 were rated sati
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EARLY GENERATION LINES Forty F5 pop
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have evaluated a PCR based marker,
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Edward Schiefelbein, Research Scien
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small grains pathology input to thi
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Project Personnel Small Grains Path
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Investigations on Barley Diseases a
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Minnesota barley disease survey and
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pathotypes at the seedling stage in
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germplasm with the highest level of
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Mirlohi, A., Brueggeman, R., Steffe
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Developing Improved Malt Barley Var
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Table 2. Montana’s Statewide Tria
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As a Barley CAP collaborator, our C
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3.2. A barley nursery composed of d
Page 51 and 52: 5. Related Barley Projects Barley P
Page 53 and 54: Barley Breeding - Advanced Testing
Page 55 and 56: Table 3. Agronomic comparisons of N
Page 57 and 58: Preliminary Malting Barley Yield Tr
Page 59 and 60: dwarf genotypes with the convention
Page 61 and 62: STUDIES ON BARLEY DISEASES AND THEI
Page 63 and 64: inoculated plots. The inoculum used
Page 65 and 66: much of North Dakota in 2006, few f
Page 67 and 68: 5. Collect isolates of barley patho
Page 69 and 70: oot rot. In collaboration with Scot
Page 71 and 72: 2. United States Wheat and Barley S
Page 73 and 74: 6. Lee, S. and Neate, S.M. (2006) P
Page 75 and 76: Objectives Met in the One-Year Fund
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Page 79 and 80: Beta-limit dextrin Alpha-Amylase Al
Page 81 and 82: M w kDa 800 600 400 200 0 0.4 0 2 4
Page 83 and 84: Figure 7. Time course of I2-binding
Page 85 and 86: 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1993 1994 19
Page 87 and 88: 2. Other Research (A) Predicting Se
Page 89 and 90: forms (through enzymolysis during m
Page 91 and 92: PUBLICATIONS (2006-07) Schwarz, P.B
Page 93 and 94: CI9214, PI552963 (Heartland), and N
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Page 97 and 98: Germplasm Enhancement for RWA Resis
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Page 101: Kevin Hicks, Research Leader, USDA-
Page 105 and 106: Other Barley Research and Future Di
Page 107 and 108: Table 1. 2006/2007 Oregon winter ba
Page 109 and 110: Table 4. Agronomic data for OSU win
Page 111 and 112: MALTING QUALITY ANALYSIS OF NEW BAR
Page 113 and 114: We recently secured an industrial c
Page 115 and 116: 2006-2007 Progress
Page 117 and 118: enzyme it encodes. We found that se
Page 119 and 120: horseradish peroxidase-conjugated g
Page 121 and 122: found in plant cell walls. The degr
Page 123 and 124: Establishing that sequence variatio
Page 125: Charles Karpelenia, technician Joe
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Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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