Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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last two. In years when field screening is not successful additional greenhouse screening has been conducted to ensure that the breeding programs have adequate data for germplasm selection. In 2006 over 1300 barley entries were tested as seedlings for their reaction to the net blotch pathogen Pyrenophora teres in the greenhouse at St. Paul. Approximately 40% of the lines tested exhibited resistance and were advanced in the breeding program. Other Barley Research With financial support from the USWBSI we are undertaking a project to examine our ability to reduce the inoculum potential of Fusarium-infested residues by aiding residue decomposition and targeting biocontrol agents to the pathogen within these residues. The field experiments we will conduct will utilize a relatively new piece of equipment (a mower/shredder attachment for a combine) for finely chopping residue. This new equipment is being rapidly adopted by corn growers in areas where no-till and/or Btcorn are produced and may assist in our control of this residue borne pathogen by identifying ways to reduce the inoculum potential of Fusarium-infested residues without removing the residues from the soil surface where they play a vital role in conserving soil from wind and water erosion. Three field experiments, one examining barley residues, and the others corn and wheat, will be conducted. Each experiment will examine both the fine chopping of Fusariuminfested crop residues and biological control agents (BCAs: Trichoderma, Streptomyces, or Bacillis), fungicides (prothioconazole) and bentonite clay applications to the residues. Applications of BCAs and fungicides will be made in either the fall or spring. We anticipate that the finely chopping will accelerate the rate of residue decomposition and that in combination with BCAs that the survival/inoculum production capacity of Fusarium in the residues will be diminished. Negatively impacting the survival of F. graminearum (G. zeae) will reduce inoculum production and thus the potential of disease development and DON production in subsequent wheat or barley crops. Future Direction of Program A new race of stem rust detected in Africa has raised concern in wheat and barley workers across the world. This new race is highly virulent and poses a serious threat to the security of wheat and barley. In the Upper Midwest the majority of spring wheat cultivars and all the barley cultivars are susceptible to this race. As rust spores may be disseminated over large distances this rust is likely spread to other cereal production regions of the world. A proactive research effort is needed to identify and incorporate effective resistance into adapted barley germplasm. Research at the USDA-ARS Cereal Disease Laboratory and University of Minnesota has identified potential sources of resistance to this race in barley. We (Dill-Macky, Jin and Steffenson) are seeking funding to facilitate a collaborative research effort in barley to address this new threat to barley production. 30
Project Personnel Small Grains Pathology Laboratory Personnel Ruth Dill-Macky, Associate Professor, Project Leader Amar M. Elakkad, Research Plot Technician Karen J. Wennberg, Assistant Scientist Beheshteh Zagaran, Junior Scientist Cooperators Yue Jin – USDA-ARS, Cereal Disease Laboratory, St Paul, MN 55108 Gary J. Muehlbauer - Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 George A. Nelson - West Central Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Morris, MN 56267 Kevin P. Smith - Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 Brian J. Steffenson - Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St Paul MN 55108 Jochum J. Wiersma - Northwest Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Crookston, MN 56716 John V. Wiersma - Northwest Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Crookston, MN 56716 Recent Publications (2006 publications) Fuentes, R.G., Mickelson, H.R., Busch, R.H., Dill-Macky, R., Evans, C.K. Thompson, W.G., Wiersma, J.V., Xie, W., Dong, Y., and Anderson, J.A.. (2005). Resource allocation and cultivar stability in breeding for Fusarium head blight resistance in spring wheat. Crop Science, 45:1965-1972. Anderson, J.A., Busch, R.H., McVey, D.V., Kolmer, J.A. Jin, Y., Linkert, G.L., Wiersma, J.V., Dill-Macky, R., Wiersma, J.J. and Harland G.A. (2006). Registration of “Ulen” wheat. Crop Science, 46: 979-980. Anderson, J.A., Liu, S., Zhang, X., Jin, Y., Dill-Macky, R. and Chao, S. (2006). Markerassisted selection for FHB resistance in wheat. p. 3. In: Proceedings of the CIMMYT Fusarium Head Blight Workshop on Global Fusarium Initiative for International Collaboration, 14-17 March, 2006. El Batan, Mexico, 137 p. Chakraborty, S., Scott, J.B., Akinsanmi, O.A., Liu, C.J., Mitter, V. and Dill-Macky, R. (2006). Fusarium pathogens of wheat in Australia. p. 42-45. In: Proceedings of the CIMMYT Fusarium Head Blight Workshop on Global Fusarium Initiative for International Collaboration, 14-17 March, 2006. El Batan, Mexico, 137 p. Dill-Macky, R. (2006). Implications of population variability on the management of Fusarium head blight. p. 72. In: Proceedings of the CIMMYT Fusarium Head Blight Workshop on Global Fusarium Initiative for International Collaboration, 14- 17 March, 2006. El Batan, Mexico, 137 p. 31
Page 1 and 2: Annual Pro
Page 3 and 4: -i- INTRODUCTION The March 2007 <st
Page 5 and 6: USDA-ARS NORTHERN CROP SCIENCE LABO
Page 7 and 8: Spring Regional over two years at D
Page 9 and 10: Table 1. 2006 UCD Two-Rowed Malting
Page 11 and 12: environments was practiced, 2) elit
Page 13 and 14: Table 4. Selected six-rowed lines c
Page 15 and 16: Other Barley Research: Feed Program
Page 17 and 18: Executive Summary AMBA Prog
Page 19 and 20: Table 1. Agronomic performance of M
Page 21 and 22: Lines M122 and M124 were rated sati
Page 23 and 24: EARLY GENERATION LINES Forty F5 pop
Page 25 and 26: have evaluated a PCR based marker,
Page 27 and 28: Edward Schiefelbein, Research Scien
Page 29: small grains pathology input to thi
Page 33 and 34: Investigations on Barley Diseases a
Page 35 and 36: Minnesota barley disease survey and
Page 37 and 38: pathotypes at the seedling stage in
Page 39 and 40: germplasm with the highest level of
Page 41 and 42: Mirlohi, A., Brueggeman, R., Steffe
Page 43 and 44: Developing Improved Malt Barley Var
Page 45 and 46: Table 2. Montana’s Statewide Tria
Page 47 and 48: As a Barley CAP collaborator, our C
Page 49 and 50: 3.2. A barley nursery composed of d
Page 51 and 52: 5. Related Barley Projects Barley P
Page 53 and 54: Barley Breeding - Advanced Testing
Page 55 and 56: Table 3. Agronomic comparisons of N
Page 57 and 58: Preliminary Malting Barley Yield Tr
Page 59 and 60: dwarf genotypes with the convention
Page 61 and 62: STUDIES ON BARLEY DISEASES AND THEI
Page 63 and 64: inoculated plots. The inoculum used
Page 65 and 66: much of North Dakota in 2006, few f
Page 67 and 68: 5. Collect isolates of barley patho
Page 69 and 70: oot rot. In collaboration with Scot
Page 71 and 72: 2. United States Wheat and Barley S
Page 73 and 74: 6. Lee, S. and Neate, S.M. (2006) P
Page 75 and 76: Objectives Met in the One-Year Fund
Page 77 and 78: These automated methods have been t
Page 79 and 80: Beta-limit dextrin Alpha-Amylase Al
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M w kDa 800 600 400 200 0 0.4 0 2 4
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Figure 7. Time course of I2-binding
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10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1993 1994 19
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2. Other Research (A) Predicting Se
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forms (through enzymolysis during m
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PUBLICATIONS (2006-07) Schwarz, P.B
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CI9214, PI552963 (Heartland), and N
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showing good levels of resistance t
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Germplasm Enhancement for RWA Resis
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Gary Hein in Colorado and Nebraska.
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Kevin Hicks, Research Leader, USDA-
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Detailed Report on
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Other Barley Research and Future Di
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Table 1. 2006/2007 Oregon winter ba
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Table 4. Agronomic data for OSU win
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MALTING QUALITY ANALYSIS OF NEW BAR
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We recently secured an industrial c
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2006-2007 Progress
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enzyme it encodes. We found that se
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horseradish peroxidase-conjugated g
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found in plant cell walls. The degr
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Establishing that sequence variatio
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Charles Karpelenia, technician Joe
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Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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