Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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for plant-scale brewing evaluation. M122 is our first line with enhanced FHB resistance. • We continue to make progress in developing breeding lines with resistance to FHB, net blotch and Septoria speckled leaf blotch and have crosses made in which we will be using SSR markers to select for resistance alleles. • Graduate student, Federico Condon, successfully defended his PhD thesis in April, 2006. Using a historical set of varieties and breeding lines, he has estimated genetic gain for important traits in the breeding program, characterized genetic diversity in response to breeding using molecular markers, and conducted association mapping to identify desirable genes for agronomic, disease, and quality traits. Objectives, Methodology and Results – AMBA Funded Project The overall objective of this project is to develop new six-rowed malting varieties that are attractive to producers and the malting and brewing industry. To accomplish this objective, we conduct numerous field and greenhouse experiments to measure a wide range of important traits. Varieties and breeding lines were evaluated in yield trials in five locations in Minnesota (St. Paul, Morris, Crookston, Stephen, and Roseau). Advanced yield trials were conducted at all five locations, intermediate trials at three locations (St. Paul, Morris, and Crookston) and preliminary yield trials (PYT) at three locations (St. Paul, Morris, and Crookston). The Mississippi Valley Nursery (MVN) was grown at Morris and Crookston. Both locations had favorable growing conditions and grain samples were reasonably plump and had acceptable levels of protein. Thus, both locations were submitted for malt quality analysis at the USDA-ARS Cereal Crops Research Unit. The Canadian Six-Row Coop Test was grown at Crookston. We grew the AMBA pilot trial in Morris and Crookston and submitted grain from Crookston for testing of the 2005 crop. EVALUATING CURRENT VARIETIES Yield averages for barley in Minnesota were 60 bu/A compared to 43 bu/A last year resulting in production of about 5.4 million bushels. Given the drought that occurred in most of the upper Midwest, these yields were quite high. The dry weather conditions resulted in a nearly complete absence of FHB and DON in harvested grain. Robust was displaced as the leading variety at 40.7 % of the planted acreage by Lacey at 44.9%. Tradition, Royal, and Legacy followed at 4.2%, 3.4%, and 1.3 %, respectively. Grain yield data for the current varieties is reported in Table 1 in bu/A for five locations planted in Minnesota. Tradition, Legacy, and Lacey were the highest yielding varieties in the state based on the multi-location three-year average. 18
Table 1. Agronomic performance of M109 and M115 and check cultivars using data from nurseries grown in Minnesota from 2004 to 2006 (mean of 10 trials). Variety / Line Hdng (DAP) Height (cm) Yield (Bu/A) Lodging M109 57.8 79 104.5 1.9 M115 57.8 77 104.2 1.9 Tradition 59.7 84 103.3 1.6 Legacy 59.4 86 102.5 2.4 Lacey 59.3 82 101.6 2.6 Stander 59.0 81 97.2 2.3 Drummond 58.5 83 97.0 1.9 Conlon 55.7 80 96.1 3.1 Stellar-ND 58.1 84 95.7 2.6 Robust 58.4 86 94.5 2.5 MNBrite 58.8 87 93.3 4.8 ADVANCED LINE EVALUATION Varieties currently grown in Minnesota were evaluated with 20 advanced breeding lines in trials at St. Paul, Morris, Crookston, Stephen and Roseau. Variety candidate, M109, was grown for carlot testing in the AMBA plant-scale brewing evaluation with the 2006 crop. M109 has been consistently higher yielding (Table 1 ) than current varieties grown in the region which should make it attractive to growers. In trials conducted in North Dakota and Montana over three years, M109 yielded two to nine percent higher than the other newer varieties and 14% higher than Robust (Table 2). Thus, M109 appears to be widely adapted to the six-rowed barley production area. Table 2. Performance of M109 in eleven locations* in North Dakota and Montana in 2004 - 2006 compared with six current malting varieties. Days to Plant Stem Test Entry heading height Lodging breakage Yield weight (Days after May 31) (cm) (1-10†) (1-5‡) (bu/ac) (lb/bu) Sta. Yrs. 22 20 7 6 22 10 M109 26.9 73.5 4.1 3.1 86.1 51.9 Lacey 27.5 75.7 3.4 2.9 84.0 52.3 Tradition 27.8 78.4 4.3 3.0 83.6 51.8 Stellar-ND 27.8 76.8 2.9 2.6 83.5 51.5 Drummond 27.0 78.4 2.6 2.5 83.0 51.4 Legacy 29.4 78.8 5.0 3.3 78.9 51.1 Robust 27.6 80.6 4.4 3.2 75.2 51.6 * Data courtesy of Rich Horsley, NDSU. Locations include: Fargo, Carrington, Osnabrock, Minot, Sydney MT (overhead and flood irrigated), Mott, Halliday, Williston (recrop and fallow), †Lodging 1=no lodging and 10=severe lodging. ‡Stem breakage 1=no stem breakage at harvest and 5=severe stem breakage at harvest 19
Page 1 and 2: Annual Pro
Page 3 and 4: -i- INTRODUCTION The March 2007 <st
Page 5 and 6: USDA-ARS NORTHERN CROP SCIENCE LABO
Page 7 and 8: Spring Regional over two years at D
Page 9 and 10: Table 1. 2006 UCD Two-Rowed Malting
Page 11 and 12: environments was practiced, 2) elit
Page 13 and 14: Table 4. Selected six-rowed lines c
Page 15 and 16: Other Barley Research: Feed Program
Page 17: Executive Summary AMBA Prog
Page 21 and 22: Lines M122 and M124 were rated sati
Page 23 and 24: EARLY GENERATION LINES Forty F5 pop
Page 25 and 26: have evaluated a PCR based marker,
Page 27 and 28: Edward Schiefelbein, Research Scien
Page 29 and 30: small grains pathology input to thi
Page 31 and 32: Project Personnel Small Grains Path
Page 33 and 34: Investigations on Barley Diseases a
Page 35 and 36: Minnesota barley disease survey and
Page 37 and 38: pathotypes at the seedling stage in
Page 39 and 40: germplasm with the highest level of
Page 41 and 42: Mirlohi, A., Brueggeman, R., Steffe
Page 43 and 44: Developing Improved Malt Barley Var
Page 45 and 46: Table 2. Montana’s Statewide Tria
Page 47 and 48: As a Barley CAP collaborator, our C
Page 49 and 50: 3.2. A barley nursery composed of d
Page 51 and 52: 5. Related Barley Projects Barley P
Page 53 and 54: Barley Breeding - Advanced Testing
Page 55 and 56: Table 3. Agronomic comparisons of N
Page 57 and 58: Preliminary Malting Barley Yield Tr
Page 59 and 60: dwarf genotypes with the convention
Page 61 and 62: STUDIES ON BARLEY DISEASES AND THEI
Page 63 and 64: inoculated plots. The inoculum used
Page 65 and 66: much of North Dakota in 2006, few f
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oot rot. In collaboration with Scot
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2. United States Wheat and Barley S
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6. Lee, S. and Neate, S.M. (2006) P
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Objectives Met in the One-Year Fund
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These automated methods have been t
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Beta-limit dextrin Alpha-Amylase Al
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M w kDa 800 600 400 200 0 0.4 0 2 4
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Figure 7. Time course of I2-binding
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10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1993 1994 19
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2. Other Research (A) Predicting Se
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forms (through enzymolysis during m
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PUBLICATIONS (2006-07) Schwarz, P.B
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CI9214, PI552963 (Heartland), and N
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showing good levels of resistance t
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Germplasm Enhancement for RWA Resis
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Gary Hein in Colorado and Nebraska.
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Kevin Hicks, Research Leader, USDA-
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Detailed Report on
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Other Barley Research and Future Di
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Table 1. 2006/2007 Oregon winter ba
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Table 4. Agronomic data for OSU win
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MALTING QUALITY ANALYSIS OF NEW BAR
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We recently secured an industrial c
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2006-2007 Progress
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enzyme it encodes. We found that se
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horseradish peroxidase-conjugated g
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found in plant cell walls. The degr
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Establishing that sequence variatio
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Charles Karpelenia, technician Joe
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Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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