Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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selections made in the 2006 head row nurseries were crosses that combined the semidwarf and low DON accumulation characters. Lines from these selections will be entered in the 2007 Preliminary Yield Trials. For the first time, a line (ND20448) from our breeding project with improved FHB resistance and acceptable malt quality may be a candidate for Plant Scale Evaluation in 2008. Seed increases of this line will be done this summer in North Dakota and next winter in Arizona to produce sufficient seed for Plant Scale Testing in 2008. Other Barley Research and Future Direction of Program Western North Dakota Malting Barley Program The Western Malting Barley Project was initiated by the North Dakota Legislature in 2001 because of the increased interest of western North Dakota growers in producing malting barley and the industry sourcing grain from this area. Because of the dryer growing conditions of western North Dakota, FHB may be less problematic; however, these same dry conditions also can result in barley with unacceptably high grain protein and low kernel plumpness. One of the goals of the Western Malting Barley Project is to develop malting barley varieties specifically adapted to dryland production in western North Dakota. To overcome the problems of high protein, we have been crossing into our lines genes for low-protein using conventional breeding methods. These genes for low-protein can reduce grain protein by as much as 2.5 percentage units. Another goal has been to develop varieties specifically adapted for production under irrigation. To maximize production of irrigated malting barley, we are breeding lines that incorporate the low-protein character and reduced plant height. We believe that these two characters together in a variety will allow a grower to increase yield by increasing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer they can add, while still keeping grain protein ≤ 13.0% and the crop standing. Research is described below on a soil fertility study related to this effort. Special Projects 1. Rongshuang Lin, a Ph.D. candidate from China, is conducting several studies to gain a better understanding of pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) in barley. In 2006, Rongshuang determined that QTL for PHS-resistance map to the distal end of the long arm of chromosome 5H using three mapping populations (Chevron/Stander, Harrington/Morex, and Robust/Stander). Preliminary results indicate that the QTL identified in Harrington/Morex may be different from those identified in the other populations and that QTL for PHS in chromosome 5H are linked to a QTL controlling malt alpha-amylase activity. 2. Martin Hochhalter, a research specialist on the project, is working toward an M.S degree. His research is an agronomic study on the fertilization requirements of lowprotein barley produced on dryland or irrigated conditions. He is evaluating 24 barley genotypes, including Robust, Drummond, Lacy, Legacy, Tradition, and Conlon; six conventional height genotypes with the low-protein character; six semi- 58
dwarf genotypes with the conventional-protein character; and six semi-dwarf genotypes with the low-protein character. Each of these genotypes is being subjected to four different fertility regimens and all pertinent agronomic and malt quality data are collected. In 2005, the research was conducted under dryland conditions in Minot and Williston, ND. In 2006, research under dryland conditions was conducted at Richardton and Williston, and research under irrigated conditions was conducted at the Nesson Valley research site near Tioga, ND. In 2007 the research will be conducted again at the Nesson Valley irrigated research site. 3. Fabio Pedraza, a Ph.D. student from Columbia, is conducting research that will focus on determining the genetic basis for the dissimilarities in the malt quality of Robust and Stander, and to use this information to design a marker assisted selection (MAS) breeding strategy for developing varieties that meet the needs of different brewers. Fabio is using SNP data derived from the USDA-CSREES- NRI/Barley CAP to generate primers that may be useful for MAS. 4. Adisu Negeri, a Ph.D. student from Ethiopia, is conducting research to identify QTL controlling FHB resistance and heading date in the Chinese variety Shenmai 3. Unlike most other Chinese accessions with FHB-resistance, Shenmai 3 has plant height and maturity similar to Midwest barley. As part of his project, Adisu will develop a genetic map comprised of diversity array technology (DArT), simple sequence repeat (SSR), and sequence tagged sites (STS) markers. This map will be used to identify QTL associated with FHB and DON accumulation, days to heading, and plant height, and to determine the linkage among agronomic and morphological traits previously reported to be associated with FHB severity and DON accumulation. Future Direction of the Program The direction of the program will continue as it has the past several years, with development of improved six-rowed malting barley varieties with FHB resistance being our top priority. The biggest change to our program for 2007 will be incorporating the two-rowed program into our program due to the retirement of Dr. Jerome Franckowiak in July 2007. The transitioning of the two-rowed project with the six-rowed project will take about two years. There is excellent malting barley germplasm in the two-rowed program as evidenced by the release of the variety Pinnacle in January 2007. Pinnacle was tested as 2ND21863. The two-rowed project is being continued using funds from the USDA-ARS National Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative. However, varieties from this component of the program will be best adapted to the areas of North Dakota where FHB is a problem. Development of two-rowed varieties for the dryland areas of western North Dakota will be slowed because of reduced funding. Project Personnel R.D. Horsley, Professor and barley breeder Martin Hochhalter, Research Specialist II and M.S. Candidate Jason Faller, Ag. Research Technician III 59
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Annual Pro
Page 3 and 4:
-i- INTRODUCTION The March 2007 <st
Page 5 and 6:
USDA-ARS NORTHERN CROP SCIENCE LABO
Page 7 and 8: Spring Regional over two years at D
Page 9 and 10: Table 1. 2006 UCD Two-Rowed Malting
Page 11 and 12: environments was practiced, 2) elit
Page 13 and 14: Table 4. Selected six-rowed lines c
Page 15 and 16: Other Barley Research: Feed Program
Page 17 and 18: Executive Summary AMBA Prog
Page 19 and 20: Table 1. Agronomic performance of M
Page 21 and 22: Lines M122 and M124 were rated sati
Page 23 and 24: EARLY GENERATION LINES Forty F5 pop
Page 25 and 26: have evaluated a PCR based marker,
Page 27 and 28: Edward Schiefelbein, Research Scien
Page 29 and 30: small grains pathology input to thi
Page 31 and 32: Project Personnel Small Grains Path
Page 33 and 34: Investigations on Barley Diseases a
Page 35 and 36: Minnesota barley disease survey and
Page 37 and 38: pathotypes at the seedling stage in
Page 39 and 40: germplasm with the highest level of
Page 41 and 42: Mirlohi, A., Brueggeman, R., Steffe
Page 43 and 44: Developing Improved Malt Barley Var
Page 45 and 46: Table 2. Montana’s Statewide Tria
Page 47 and 48: As a Barley CAP collaborator, our C
Page 49 and 50: 3.2. A barley nursery composed of d
Page 51 and 52: 5. Related Barley Projects Barley P
Page 53 and 54: Barley Breeding - Advanced Testing
Page 55 and 56: Table 3. Agronomic comparisons of N
Page 57: Preliminary Malting Barley Yield Tr
Page 61 and 62: STUDIES ON BARLEY DISEASES AND THEI
Page 63 and 64: inoculated plots. The inoculum used
Page 65 and 66: much of North Dakota in 2006, few f
Page 67 and 68: 5. Collect isolates of barley patho
Page 69 and 70: oot rot. In collaboration with Scot
Page 71 and 72: 2. United States Wheat and Barley S
Page 73 and 74: 6. Lee, S. and Neate, S.M. (2006) P
Page 75 and 76: Objectives Met in the One-Year Fund
Page 77 and 78: These automated methods have been t
Page 79 and 80: Beta-limit dextrin Alpha-Amylase Al
Page 81 and 82: M w kDa 800 600 400 200 0 0.4 0 2 4
Page 83 and 84: Figure 7. Time course of I2-binding
Page 85 and 86: 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1993 1994 19
Page 87 and 88: 2. Other Research (A) Predicting Se
Page 89 and 90: forms (through enzymolysis during m
Page 91 and 92: PUBLICATIONS (2006-07) Schwarz, P.B
Page 93 and 94: CI9214, PI552963 (Heartland), and N
Page 95 and 96: showing good levels of resistance t
Page 97 and 98: Germplasm Enhancement for RWA Resis
Page 99 and 100: Gary Hein in Colorado and Nebraska.
Page 101 and 102: Kevin Hicks, Research Leader, USDA-
Page 103 and 104: Detailed Report on
Page 105 and 106: Other Barley Research and Future Di
Page 107 and 108: Table 1. 2006/2007 Oregon winter ba
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Table 4. Agronomic data for OSU win
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MALTING QUALITY ANALYSIS OF NEW BAR
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We recently secured an industrial c
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2006-2007 Progress
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enzyme it encodes. We found that se
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horseradish peroxidase-conjugated g
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found in plant cell walls. The degr
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Establishing that sequence variatio
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Charles Karpelenia, technician Joe
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Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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